scholarly journals The Impact of the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act on Clinical Pharmacy and Computerized Provider Order Entry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Bailey Deglow ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Meaningful Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists

The Health Information Technology for Clinical and Economic Health (HITECH) Act of 2009 encouraged the meaningful use of the electronic health record (EHR) by health care providers in the United States. “Meaningful use” monetary incentives were offered by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) for health care providers who met standards of documenting in and using the EHR. While clinical pharmacists typically work in clinics and hospitals in the United States, they were not considered eligible professionals who could receive incentives for using the EHR. There is a great deal of literature regarding the use of the EHR by eligible professionals, but not by ineligible professionals like clinical pharmacists. One way that clinical pharmacists assist in meaningful use criteria is by developing computerized provider order entries (CPOEs). The purpose of this study is to assess the perception and use of CPOEs by clinical pharmacists.

scholarly journals Combatting human trafficking in the United States: how can medical informatics help?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim M Unertl ◽  
Colin G Walsh ◽  
Ellen Wright Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Trafficking Victims

Abstract Objective Human trafficking is a global problem taking many forms, including sex and labor exploitation. Trafficking victims can be any age, although most trafficking begins when victims are adolescents. Many trafficking victims have contact with health-care providers across various health-care contexts, both for emergency and routine care. Materials and Methods We propose 4 specific areas where medical informatics can assist with combatting trafficking: screening, clinical decision support, community-facing tools, and analytics that are both descriptive and predictive. Efforts to implement health information technology interventions focused on trafficking must be carefully integrated into existing clinical work and connected to community resources to move beyond identification to provide assistance and to support trauma-informed care. Results We lay forth a research and implementation agenda to integrate human trafficking identification and intervention into routine clinical practice, supported by health information technology. Conclusions A sociotechnical systems approach is recommended to ensure interventions address the complex issues involved in assisting victims of human trafficking.

Patients' Perceptions of Different Information Exchange Mechanisms: An Exploratory Study in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 162-178
Author(s):  
Pouyan Esmaeilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
The United States ◽  
Exchange Mechanism ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Direct Exchange

Abstract Background Patients may seek health care services from various providers during treatment. These providers could serve in a network (affiliated) or practice separately (unaffiliated). Thus, using secure and reliable health information exchange (HIE) mechanisms would be critical to transfer sensitive personal health information (PHI) across distances. Studying patients' perceptions and opinions about exchange mechanisms could help health care providers build more complete HIEs' databases and develop robust privacy policies, consent processes, and patient education programs. Objectives Due to the exploratory nature of this study, we aim to shed more light on public perspectives (benefits, concerns, and risks) associated with the four data exchange practices in the health care sector. Methods In this study, we compared public perceptions and expectations regarding four common types of exchange mechanisms used in the United States (i.e., traditional, direct, query-based, patient-mediated exchange mechanisms). Traditional is an exchange through fax, paper mailing, or phone calls, direct is a provider-to-provider exchange, query-based is sharing patient data with a central repository, and patient-mediated is an exchange mechanism in which patients can access data and monitor sharing. Data were collected from 1,624 subjects using an online survey to examine the benefits, risks, and concerns associated with the four exchange mechanisms from patients' perspectives. Results Findings indicate that several concerns and risks such as privacy concerns, security risks, trust issues, and psychological risks are raised. Besides, multiple benefits such as access to complete information, communication improvement, timely and convenient information sharing, cost-saving, and medical error reduction are highlighted by respondents. Through consideration of all risks and benefits associated with the four exchange mechanisms, the direct HIE mechanism was selected by respondents as the most preferred mechanism of information exchange among providers. More than half of the respondents (56.18%) stated that overall they favored direct exchange over the other mechanisms. 42.70% of respondents expected to be more likely to share their PHI with health care providers who implemented and utilized a direct exchange mechanism. 43.26% of respondents believed that they would support health care providers to leverage a direct HIE mechanism for sharing their PHI with other providers. The results exhibit that individuals expect greater benefits and fewer adverse effects from direct HIE among health care providers. Overall, the general public sentiment is more in favor of direct data transfer. Our results highlight that greater public trust in exchange mechanisms is required, and information privacy and security risks must be addressed before the widespread implementation of such mechanisms. Conclusion This exploratory study's findings could be interesting for health care providers and HIE policymakers to analyze how consumers perceive the current exchange mechanisms, what concerns should be addressed, and how the exchange mechanisms could be modified to meet consumers' needs.

scholarly journals Use of Health Information Technology by Adults With Diabetes in the United States: Cross-sectional Analysis of National Health Interview Survey Data (2016-2018)

JMIR Diabetes ◽  
10.2196/27220 ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e27220
Author(s):  
Seamus Y Wang ◽  
Hsin-Chieh Yeh ◽  
Arielle Apfel Stein ◽  
Edgar R Miller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
National Health Interview Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Ehealth Services ◽  
The Web

Background The use of health information technology (HIT) has been proposed to improve disease management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective This study aims to report the prevalence of HIT use in adults with diabetes in the United States and examine the factors associated with HIT use. Methods We analyzed data from 7999 adults who self-reported a diabetes diagnosis as collected by the National Health Interview Survey (2016-2018). All analyses were weighted to account for the complex survey design. Results Overall, 41.2% of adults with diabetes reported looking up health information on the web, and 22.8% used eHealth services (defined as filled a prescription on the web, scheduled an appointment with a health care provider on the web, or communicated with a health care provider via email). In multivariable models, patients who were female (vs male: prevalence ratio [PR] 1.16, 95% CI 1.10-1.24), had higher education (above college vs less than high school: PR 3.61, 95% CI 3.01-4.33), had higher income (high income vs poor: PR 1.40, 95% CI 1.23-1.59), or had obesity (vs normal weight: PR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.22) were more likely to search for health information on the web. Similar associations were observed among age, race and ethnicity, education, income, and the use of eHealth services. Patients on insulin were more likely to use eHealth services (on insulin vs no medication: PR 1.21, 95% CI 1.04-1.41). Conclusions Among adults with diabetes, HIT use was lower in those who were older, were members of racial minority groups, had less formal education, or had lower household income. Health education interventions promoted through HIT should account for sociodemographic factors.

scholarly journals Use of Health Information Technology by Adults With Diabetes in the United States: Cross-sectional Analysis of National Health Interview Survey Data (2016-2018) (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seamus Y Wang ◽  
Hsin-Chieh Yeh ◽  
Arielle Apfel Stein ◽  
Edgar R Miller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
National Health Interview Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Ehealth Services ◽  
The Web

BACKGROUND The use of health information technology (HIT) has been proposed to improve disease management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE This study aims to report the prevalence of HIT use in adults with diabetes in the United States and examine the factors associated with HIT use. METHODS We analyzed data from 7999 adults who self-reported a diabetes diagnosis as collected by the National Health Interview Survey (2016-2018). All analyses were weighted to account for the complex survey design. RESULTS Overall, 41.2% of adults with diabetes reported looking up health information on the web, and 22.8% used eHealth services (defined as filled a prescription on the web, scheduled an appointment with a health care provider on the web, or communicated with a health care provider via email). In multivariable models, patients who were female (vs male: prevalence ratio [PR] 1.16, 95% CI 1.10-1.24), had higher education (above college vs less than high school: PR 3.61, 95% CI 3.01-4.33), had higher income (high income vs poor: PR 1.40, 95% CI 1.23-1.59), or had obesity (vs normal weight: PR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.22) were more likely to search for health information on the web. Similar associations were observed among age, race and ethnicity, education, income, and the use of eHealth services. Patients on insulin were more likely to use eHealth services (on insulin vs no medication: PR 1.21, 95% CI 1.04-1.41). CONCLUSIONS Among adults with diabetes, HIT use was lower in those who were older, were members of racial minority groups, had less formal education, or had lower household income. Health education interventions promoted through HIT should account for sociodemographic factors.

scholarly journals Differences in Electronic Personal Health Information Tool Use Between Rural and Urban Cancer Patients in the United States: Secondary Data Analysis

JMIR Cancer ◽  
10.2196/17352 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e17352
Author(s):  
Alexandra Greenberg-Worisek ◽  
Liaa Ferede ◽  
Joyce Balls-Berry ◽  
Ian Marigi ◽  
Emily Valentin Mendez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Personal Health Information ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Rural And Urban

Background Studies have previously shown that rural cancer patients are diagnosed at later stages of disease. This delay is felt throughout treatment and follow-up, reflected in the fact that rural patients often have poorer clinical outcomes compared with their urban counterparts. Objective Few studies have explored whether there is a difference in cancer patients’ current use of health information technology tools by residential location. Methods Data from 7 cycles of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS, 2003-2017) were merged and analyzed to examine whether differences exist in managing electronic personal health information (ePHI) and emailing health care providers among rural and urban cancer patients. Geographic location was categorized using Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCCs). Bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine whether associations existed between rural/urban residency and use of health information technology among cancer patients. Results Of the 3031 cancer patients/survivors who responded across the 7 cycles of HINTS, 797 (26.9%) resided in rural areas. No difference was found between rural and urban cancer patients in having managed ePHI in the past 12 months (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.43-1.40). Rural cancer patients were significantly less likely to email health care providers than their urban counterparts (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.32-0.84). Conclusions The digital divide between rural and urban cancer residents does not extend to general ePHI management; however, electronic communication with providers is significantly lower among rural cancer patients than urban cancer patients. Further research is needed to determine whether such disparities extend to other health information technology tools that might benefit rural cancer patients as well as other chronic conditions.

scholarly journals Differences in Electronic Personal Health Information Tool Use Between Rural and Urban Cancer Patients in the United States: Secondary Data Analysis (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Greenberg-Worisek ◽  
Liaa Ferede ◽  
Joyce Balls-Berry ◽  
Ian Marigi ◽  
Emily Valentin Mendez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Personal Health Information ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Rural And Urban

BACKGROUND Studies have previously shown that rural cancer patients are diagnosed at later stages of disease. This delay is felt throughout treatment and follow-up, reflected in the fact that rural patients often have poorer clinical outcomes compared with their urban counterparts. OBJECTIVE Few studies have explored whether there is a difference in cancer patients’ current use of health information technology tools by residential location. METHODS Data from 7 cycles of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS, 2003-2017) were merged and analyzed to examine whether differences exist in managing electronic personal health information (ePHI) and emailing health care providers among rural and urban cancer patients. Geographic location was categorized using Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCCs). Bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine whether associations existed between rural/urban residency and use of health information technology among cancer patients. RESULTS Of the 3031 cancer patients/survivors who responded across the 7 cycles of HINTS, 797 (26.9%) resided in rural areas. No difference was found between rural and urban cancer patients in having managed ePHI in the past 12 months (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.43-1.40). Rural cancer patients were significantly less likely to email health care providers than their urban counterparts (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.32-0.84). CONCLUSIONS The digital divide between rural and urban cancer residents does not extend to general ePHI management; however, electronic communication with providers is significantly lower among rural cancer patients than urban cancer patients. Further research is needed to determine whether such disparities extend to other health information technology tools that might benefit rural cancer patients as well as other chronic conditions.

The Special Perils of Being Old and Sick in Prison

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 276-284
Author(s):  
William J. Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Constitution ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Access To Medical Care

The United States Supreme Court declared in 1976 that deliberate indifference to the serious medical needs of prisoners constitutes the unnecessary and wanton infliction of pain…proscribed by the Eighth Amendment. It matters not whether the indifference is manifested by prison doctors in their response to the prisoner’s needs or by prison guards intentionally denying or delaying access to medical care or intentionally interfering with treatment once prescribed—adequate prisoner medical care is required by the United States Constitution. My incarceration for four years at the Oakdale Satellite Prison Camp, a chronic health care level camp, gives me the perspective to challenge the generally promoted claim of the Bureau of Federal Prisons that it provides decent medical care by competent and caring medical practitioners to chronically unhealthy elderly prisoners. The same observation, to a slightly lesser extent, could be made with respect to deficiencies in the delivery of health care to prisoners of all ages, as it is all significantly deficient in access, competencies, courtesies and treatments extended by prison health care providers at every level of care, without regard to age. However, the frailer the prisoner, the more dangerous these health care deficiencies are to his health and, therefore, I believe, warrant separate attention. This paper uses first-hand experiences of elderly prisoners to dismantle the tale that prisoner healthcare meets constitutional standards.

Pediatric Collections: Vaping: Effects and Solutions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Pediatric Health ◽  
Pediatric Health Care

Electronic cigarettes are the tobacco products most commonly used by youths in the United States. The use of e-cigarettes, also known as vaping or JUULing, is a public health epidemic. This collection offers reviews and research to assist pediatric health care providers in identifying and treating adolescent use and exposure to e-cigarettes. https://shop.aap.org/pediatric-collections-vaping-effects-and-solutions-paperback/

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