scholarly journals Vulnerability index and climate change: An analysis for in Cuddalore district Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Geetha ◽  
Shoba Joe Kizhakudan ◽  
Indira Divipala ◽  
Shyam S. Salim ◽  
P. U. Zacharia
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Extreme Climatic Events ◽  
Adaptation Policies ◽  
Detrimental Impact ◽  
Coastal Livelihoods

Erratic monsoon and extreme climatic events cause considerable damages to life and property of the fishers in the country. Cuddalore District has been the worst affected of all districts in Tamil Nadu, in the recent past with the tsunami in 2004, cyclone Thane in 2011 and cyclone Neelam in 2012 creating a detrimental impact on coastal communities and their activities, particularly fishing. This in turn has affected their livelihood to a great extent. This coastal zone is largely low-lying with gentle slope, thus making it highly vulnerable to climate related changes. The vulnerability of this region to climate change and its devastating effects necessitates identifying vulnerability indices to assist in developing proactive policies by local government bodies in better disaster management. The vulnerability index of ten coastal villages of Cuddalore District was computed using Parameter, Attribute, Resilient indicator and Score (PARS) method. The study showed that the Cuddalore coast is highly vulnerable to climate change and related sea level rise. The villages of Pettodai, Reddiarpettai and Sothikuppam of Cuddalore District were identified as most vulnerable. The outcome of this study will be of use in the protection of coastal livelihoods and planning better adaptation policies and mitigation plans.

scholarly journals Using Virtual Reality in Sea Level Rise Planning and Community Engagement—An Overview

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1142
Author(s):  
Juliano Calil ◽  
Geraldine Fauville ◽  
Anna Carolina Muller Queiroz ◽  
Kelly L. Leo ◽  
Alyssa G. Newton Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Coastal Hazards ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Coastal Risks

As coastal communities around the globe contend with the impacts of climate change including coastal hazards such as sea level rise and more frequent coastal storms, educating stakeholders and the general public has become essential in order to adapt to and mitigate these risks. Communicating SLR and other coastal risks is not a simple task. First, SLR is a phenomenon that is abstract as it is physically distant from many people; second, the rise of the sea is a slow and temporally distant process which makes this issue psychologically distant from our everyday life. Virtual reality (VR) simulations may offer a way to overcome some of these challenges, enabling users to learn key principles related to climate change and coastal risks in an immersive, interactive, and safe learning environment. This article first presents the literature on environmental issues communication and engagement; second, it introduces VR technology evolution and expands the discussion on VR application for environmental literacy. We then provide an account of how three coastal communities have used VR experiences developed by multidisciplinary teams—including residents—to support communication and community outreach focused on SLR and discuss their implications.

Climate Change, Sea Level Rise and Protecting Displaced Coastal Communities: Possible Solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony George Puthucherril
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Zone Management ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Island Developing States ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Technological Support

Climate change and sea level rise are realities that are upon us and which will profoundly impact the lives and basic rights of millions of coastal residents all over the world. As the law stands both at the international and at certain national levels, the basic human rights of the climate displaced are not adequately protected. This paper identifies two possible displacement scenarios, based on the continued availability/non-availability of land in the face of sea level rise and other climate change impacts; namely, the sinking Small Island Developing States phenomeon, where land disappears and there is no surplus land to support habitation, and all other cases, where the coastal land is battered severely but it can be re-utilized through appropriate adaptation measures or even if coastal frontage land disappears there is still land available inland. On this basis, the paper proposes three possible solutions: (1) bilateral or regional treaties to facilitate resettlement of the inhabitants of sinking Small Island Developing States, (2) appropriate coastal climate change adaptation implemented via integrated coastal zone management and (3) creation of new arrangements under the international climate change regime to provide financial assistance and technological support to respond to both situations. Even though the primary focus of this paper is on coastal communities in South Asia, the lessons that it offers are relevant to other coastal contexts as well.

scholarly journals Assessment of Livelihood Vulnerability of Fisherfolks in Coastal and Freshwater Fishing Communities of Ilaje in Ondo State

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Siyanbola A. Omitoyin ◽  
Adeniyi P. Ogungbure ◽  
Kemisola D. Osakuade
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Fishing Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Food Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability Score

The study assessed the livelihood vulnerability of fisherfolks in both coastal and freshwater fishing communities of Ilaje Local Government area of Ondo state, Nigeria. Structured questionnaires were used to collect information from 200 fisherfolks from both communities. Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, Livelihood Vulnerability Index data were aggregated using a composite index and differential vulnerabilities were compared. The results showed that majority of the fisherfolks from freshwater and coastal communities were below 46 years old, respondents from the freshwater communities were 95% male, 5% females while all (100%) respondents in the coastal communities were male with majority assenting to fishing as their primary occupation. The freshwater communities showed greater vulnerability on the socio-demographic profile (SDP) index than coastal communities (SDP freshwater 0.49;SDPcoastal communities 0.34). Freshwater also showed greater vulnerability on the livelihood strategies component (0.45) than coastal communities (0.40). The social networks indicators were the same for the two communities. The overall health vulnerability score for freshwater communities (0.46) was higher than that for coastal communities (0.44).  Also, the overall food vulnerability score for freshwater households (0.23) was greater than that of coastal community households (0.22). Freshwater households had a lower vulnerability score (0.03) for the water component than coastal communities (0.17). Based on the incidents of flooding, droughts, storms and erosion, households in the coastal communities (0.50) were more vulnerable to natural disasters than those in the freshwater communities (0.41). Overall, coastal communities had a higher Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) than freshwater (0.357 versus 0.356).This logical approach may be used to monitor vulnerability, programs and resources to assist fisherfolks. Also, there should be enlightenment on how to mitigate the factors enhancing climate change while good infrastructure and aids be given to those who suffer losses due to climate change impacts.

scholarly journals Mapping a Climate Change Vulnerability Index: An Assessment in Agricultural, Geological and Demographic Sectors across the Districts of Karnataka (India)

2019 ◽  
pp. 447-456
Author(s):  
C. Shivakumara ◽  
P. S. Srikantha Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
Composite Vulnerability Index ◽  
Adaptation Policies ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Index Level

Climate change is a continuous phenomenon and over hundreds of years, the atmosphere has changed considerably around the world. Karnataka has the second largest drought prone area in the country next only to Rajasthan. Assessment of vulnerability index could play a major role in designing appropriate mitigation and adaptation policies to overcome the impacts of climate change. The vulnerability assessment is an exhaustive procedure determined by a large number of indicators. This study attempted to capture a picture of composite vulnerability index of different districts of Karnataka by considering agronomic, climatic and demographic indicators. The secondary data on climatic, agronomic and demographic factors were collected from various sources for the year 2017-18. The findings of the study as shown that the average vulnerability index for 30 districts is 0.577 and 16 districts placed above the average composite vulnerability index level. Bidar (0.655) is the most vulnerable district followed by Kolar (0.658) and Yadgir (0.638) districts. Shivamogga (0.440), Davanagere (0.486) and Udupi (0.486) districts exhibit the least vulnerability to changing climate. The results suggest that agricultural and climatic indicators are the major factors which influence vulnerability. So special attention should be given to agricultural and climatic sectors to minimize the impacts of climatic change in the most vulnerable districts.

scholarly journals Sea Level Rise and Local Government

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa James ◽  
Catherine Iorns ◽  
Patrick Gerard
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Hazard Management ◽  
National Environmental

Local authorities in New Zealand have a significant responsibility to their communities for managing the effects of sea level rise due to climate change. However, while most local authorities are well engaged and have a clear understanding of issues arising from sea level rise, 73% report that their organisations do not receive enough direction from central government on how to respond. Territorial authorities in particular are seeking a stronger lead, such as legislative reform, clearer and more directive policy, clarification of responsibilities, or a national environmental standard on coastal hazard management. Central government direction is seen as critical to achieve a nationally consistent and equitable approach for coastal communities. This article summarises how this could be addressed, and identifies key challenges facing local government in adapting to sea level rise and climate change.

Relocation as an Adaptation to Sea-Level Rise: Valuable Lessons from the Narikoso Village Relocation Project in Fiji

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Bertana
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Village

Relocation as an adaptation strategy to coastal degradation remains on the fringes of climate change discourse. Yet, as sea levels are projected to rise, relocating is an inevitable response for vulnerable coastal communities worldwide. In fact, some Fijian villages are facing such severe coastal erosion that they have already begun the process of shifting to higher ground, and many more villages throughout the islands have been slated for relocation. This case study is based on the planned relocation efforts of Narikoso village on Ono Island in Kadavu, Fiji. In Narikoso, regional NGOs, INGOs, and local and national government are working with the community to relocate the village inland. The process of moving the community began in 2012 when Prime Minister Bainimarama sent the Fiji military to Ono Island to clear land for the new village. It came to an abrupt stop due to a lack of funding and ecological degradation caused by the preparation for the new village site. Since the relocation process began, a myriad of issues have arisen ranging from concerns regarding community engagement, availability of financial resources, and resistance to moving inland.

Climate Change – Livelihood – Migration Nexus: A Case Study from Sundarbans, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malay Pramanik ◽  
Sylvia Szabo ◽  
Indrajit Pal ◽  
Parmeshwar Udmale
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Poor People ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Coastal Belt ◽  
The Sundarbans ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

<p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p><p>Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges of the 21st century and is likely to increase migration of the marginal communities from the coastal areas throughout the world. It is projected that 200 million people worldwide will be climate refugees by 2050. Owing to high exposure and poor adaptive capacity, low-lying coastal areas and islands in developing countries are the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Therefore, it is imperative to understand how climate change is affecting the livelihoods, in turn, driving the migration in these regions.</p><p>The present study focuses on the Sundarbans region located along the coastal belt of West Bengal (India) as a part of Ganga-Brahmaputra mega delta. It is also a home of 4.7 million poor people, who earn below US$10 per month. The region is an exceedingly flat, low-lying, alluvial plain highly exposed to sea level rise, storm surge, tornedoes, cyclonic activity, riverbank erosion, salinization and subsequent mangrove depletion. Due to the climatic hazards, the basic livelihoods are at risk and their strategies towards livelihood collection remains largely unknown. Therefore, the present study provides insights into the nexus among climate stimuli, livelihood risks, and households’ strategies in the region, with special emphasize on climate change.</p><p>The study is based on field survey of 150 respondents representing migrant and non-migrant coastal communities from Gosaba, Basanti and Hingalganj block using structured questionnaires. More than 70% of respondents stated that livelihood risks mainly from climate change impacts as the major reason for inter-state migration, which is the main source of income supporting livelihood in the region. This environmental displacement in the Sundarbans region symbolizes the failure of adaptation to mitigate climate change induced sea level rise increasing the exposure to coastal flooding and storm surges, salinization, and erosion.  This study discusses potential mitigation strategies to combat the impacts of climate change on livelihoods of the coastal communities in the region.</p>

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