Substances for the Initiation of Sperm Motility in Egg-Jelly of the Japanese Newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Ukita ◽  
Tokuko Itoh ◽  
Toshihiko Watanabe ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe ◽  
Kazuo Onitake
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Egg Jelly

scholarly journals Characteristics of Sperm Motility Induced on the Egg-Jelly in the Internal Fertilization of the Newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Watanabe ◽  
Tokuko Itoh ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe ◽  
Kazuo Onitake
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Internal Fertilization ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Egg Jelly

Sperm motility initiation by egg jelly of the anuran, Discoglossus pictus may be mediated by sperm motility-initiating substance of the internally-fertilizing newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

Zygote ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Takayama-Watanabe ◽  
Chiara Campanella ◽  
Hideo Kubo ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Electron Microscopic Observation ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Homologous Proteins ◽  
Internal Fertilization ◽  
External Fertilization ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Discoglossus Pictus ◽  
Egg Jelly

SummaryThe egg jelly of Discoglossus pictus contains sperm motility-activating activity, the molecular basis of which has not been studied. Discoglossus pictus sperm initiated motility immediately after immersion in egg-jelly extract, as well as after immersion in hyposmotic solution, which initiates sperm motility in the external fertilization of anuran amphibians. Sequential treatment of the D. pictus sperm with these two solutions revealed the predominant effect of hyposmolality in initiation of motility. The motility initiation induced by jelly extract was suppressed by a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that is specific for the 34 kDa sperm motility-initiating substance (SMIS) in the egg jelly of the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster. Immunoblotting using the anti-SMIS mAb revealed several antigenic proteins that included major ones with sizes of 18- and 34-kDa in D. pictus jelly extract. Scanning electron microscopic observation revealed that granules of jelly matrix, in which SMIS localizes and which have a critical role in the internal fertilization of C. pyrrhogaster, were not observed near the surface of the D. pictus egg jelly. These results suggest that sperm motility-activating activity in egg jelly of D. pictus may be mediated by SMIS homologous proteins that act through a mechanism that is partially different from that of C. pyrrhogaster.

Contribution of different Ca2+ channels to the acrosome reaction-mediated initiation of sperm motility in the newt Cynops pyrrhogaster

Zygote ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Takayama-Watanabe ◽  
Hiroto Ochiai ◽  
Shunpei Tanino ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Acrosome Reaction ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Egg Jelly ◽  
High Level ◽  
Sequential Gating ◽  
Ca2 Channels

SummaryInitiation of sperm motility in urodeles, which is induced by a sperm motility-initiating substance (SMIS) in the sequestered granules on the surface of egg jelly, is mediated by the acrosome reaction (AR), which is triggered by an AR-inducing substance (ARIS) on a sheet-like structure. Details of the unique process of the interaction between egg jelly and sperm in these species is still unclear. The current study showed the fine structure of egg jelly in the newt Cynops pyrrhogaster, a urodele species, revealing that its outer surface was covered by a sheet-like structure of approximately 0.29 μm in thickness. Granules of approximately 2 μm in diameter with small particles of approximately 54 nm were attached to its surface and distributed inhomogeneously just beneath the sheet-like structure. Emission spectrometry revealed that the Ca2+ concentration was maintained at a high level compared with that of the blood plasma and the vas deferens fluid, suggesting that egg jelly is a reliable source of Ca2+ for the sperm–egg interaction. Blockers of the T-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel (VDCC), but not the L-type VDCC, inhibited both AR and initiation of sperm motility. Conversely, Ni+, which affects the α1 H subunit of T-type VDCC, only inhibited the initiation of sperm motility. These data suggest that, in response to ARIS and SMIS, sequential gating of distinct Ca2+ channels occurs in the AR, followed by the initiation of sperm motility on the surface of the egg jelly in C. pyrrhogaster at fertilization.

scholarly journals Sperm Proteases that May Be Involved in the Initiation of Sperm Motility in the Newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 15210-15224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misato Yokoe ◽  
Makoto Sano ◽  
Honami Shibata ◽  
Daisuke Shibata ◽  
Eriko Takayama-Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster

Identification of egg-jelly substances triggering sperm acrosome reaction in the newt,Cynops pyrrhogaster

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiko Watanabe ◽  
Keiko Fukutomi ◽  
Hideo Kubo ◽  
Manami Ohta ◽  
Eriko Takayama-Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrosome Reaction ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Egg Jelly ◽  
Sperm Acrosome Reaction ◽  
Sperm Acrosome

Initiation of sperm motility in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster, is induced by a heat-stable component of egg-jelly

Zygote ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Ichi Mizuno ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe ◽  
Kazuo Onitake
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Stable Component ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Osmotic Change ◽  
Inactive Form ◽  
Before And After

Sperm motility in amphibians is thought to be initiated by a decrease in environmental osmolarity. However, fertilisation in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster, is achieved in an environment without osmotic change. We show here that sperm motility initiating activity is present in jelly layer extract (JE). JE was gel-filtrated and a single peak with sperm motility initiating activity was detected in the fraction corresponding to about 50 kDa. The activity was strengthened by heat treatment of JE at 100 °C for 30 min. This suggests that JE includes the inactive form of sperm motility inducing substance (SMIS) in addition to active substance. Thus JE was fractionated before and after the heat treatment. When JE was fractionated first and then each fraction was heated, the activity was detected in the fraction both above 500 kDa and below 500 kDa. When heat-treated JE was fractionated, the activity was detected only in the fraction below 500 kDa. These results suggest that JE includes the inactive form of SMIS of more than 500 kDa in molecular weight. A regulatory mechanism for the initiation of sperm motility in C. pyrrhogaster is proposed according to the results of the present study.

scholarly journals Egg jelly influences sperm motility in the externally fertilizing frog,Crinia georgiana

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. SIMMONS ◽  
J. D. ROBERTS ◽  
M. A. DZIMINSKI
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Egg Jelly

scholarly journals Organization of Carbohydrate Components in the Egg-Jelly Layers of the Newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 909-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Okimura ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe ◽  
Kazuo Onitake
Keyword(s):  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Egg Jelly ◽  
Carbohydrate Components

The activity for the induction of the sperm acrosome reaction localises in the outer layers and exists in the high-molecular-weight components of the egg-jelly of the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

Zygote ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Sasaki ◽  
Saori Kamimura ◽  
Hiroyuki Takai ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe ◽  
Kazuo Otinake
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Acrosome Reaction ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Maclura Pomifera ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Egg Jelly ◽  
Dose Dependent

Localisation of the acrosome reaction inducing activity in egg-jelly was examined in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster. The jelly has six layers: the J0, J1, J2, J3, J4 and st layers. Jelly was mechanically dissected and placed on a Millipore filter. When sperm were added from the outer surface side of the jelly, most of them exhibited the acrosome reaction after passing through the jelly. When egg-jelly was divided into four layers, strong activity for the induction of acrosome reaction was detected in the outer layers, J4+st. These findings suggest that the acrosome reaction is induced by a substance in the outer layers of the egg-jelly. Among jelly components separated by SDS-PAGE, a fraction of more than 500 kDa in molecular weight induced the acrosome reaction. Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Griffonia simplicifoliar agglutinin 1 (GS-1), Maclura pomifera agglutinin (MPA) and Arachis hypogaea agglutinin (PNA) inhibited the induction of the acrosome reaction by jelly extract, and WGA did so in a dose-dependent manner. Those lectins precipitated some molecules of over 500 kDa. These results suggest that the acrosome reaction is induced by the high molecular-weight components of egg-jelly in C. pyrrhogaster.

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