scholarly journals Penyakit Layu Fusarium Pada Tanaman Pisang di Provinsi NAD: Sebaran dan Identifikasi Isolat Berdasarkan Analisis Vegetative Compatibility Group

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Edison ◽  
Riska ◽  
Catur Hermanto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathology ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Primary Industry ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Pathology Section ◽  
Compatibility Group

ABSTRAK. Penyakit layu yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Fusarium  oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) merupakan penyakit paling berbahaya pada tanaman pisang. Untuk mendapatkan teknik pengendalian yang tepat, maka informasi tentang distribusi dan karakter biologi patogen tersebut perlu diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui distribusi penyakit layu Fusarium di Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD) dan varietas pisang yang diserangnya serta mengidentifikasi isolat  Foc berdasarkan analisis vegetative compatibility group (VCG). Survei dan pengumpulan sampel tanaman pisang terserang penyakit dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2007 dan Juli 2008. Isolasi dan pemurnian isolat dilakukan di Laboratorium Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah (Balitbu) Tropika Solok pada bulan Februari 2007 dan Agustus 2008. Analisis VCG dilakukan di Departement of Primary Industry, Plant Pathology Section, Indooroopilli Australia dan Laboratorium Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika sejak bulan Juli 2007 sampai bulan Juli 2009. Tester VCG berjumlah 17 nomor yang berasal dari Department of Primary Industry, Plant Pathology Section, Indooroopilli Australia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit layu Fusarium ditemukan di semua lokasi pengamatan di Provinsi NAD pada empat varietas pisang, yaitu Barangan (AAA), Raja (AAB), Kepok (ABB/BBB), dan Siem (ABB). Dari 50 isolat Foc yang dikoleksi terkelompok ke dalam dua VCG, 37 isolat (74%) termasuk dalam VCG 01213/16 (Tropical Race 4), ditemukan pada tiga varietas (Barangan, Kepok, dan Raja), sembilan isolat masuk VCG 01218 (Ras 1) ditemukan hanya pada varietas Siem, sedangkan VCG empat isolat yang menyerang pisang varietas Siem belum ditemukan. Foc VCGs 01213/16 (TR4) paling dominan ditemukan di Provinsi NAD, baik dari jumlah, sebaran lokasi, maupun ragam varietas yang diserangnya. Data ini menginformasikan bahwa pengembangan tanaman pisang di Provinsi NAD harus dilakukan secara selektif serta mempertimbangkan langkah-langkah preventif dan pengendalian yang tepat.<br /><br />ABSTRACT. Jumjunidang, Edison, Riska, and Hermanto, C 2012. Fusarium Wilt Disease on Banana in NAD Province: Distribution and Identification of Isolates through Vegetative Compatibility Group Analysis. Wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is the most dangerous pathogen on banana. Knowledge of the distribution and biological characters of the pathogen is very important to arrange an effective control technique. The objectives of this study were to reveal distribution of Fusarium wilt disease in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD) Province and infected banana varieties as well as to identify of Foc isolates with vegetative compatibility group (VCG) analysis Survey and collection of samples of infected banana plants in NAD Province were carried out in January 2007 and July 2008. Isolation and purification of the isolates with single spore techniques were done at Plant Protection Laboratory of Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI), Solok in February 2007 and August 2008. Vegetative compatibility group analysis was performed at Department of Primary Industry, Plant Pathology Section, Indooroopilli Australia and Plant Protection Laboratory of ITFRI from July 2007 to July 2009. Seventeen VCG testers were originated from Department of Primary Industry, Plant Pathology Section, Indooroopilli Australia. The results showed that Fusarium wilt disease was found in all surveyed locations in NAD Province on four banana varieties, i.e. Barangan (AAA), Raja (AAB), Kepok (ABB/BBB), and Siem (ABB). Fifty isolates of the pathogen Foc have been collected and grouped into two VCGs, 37 isolates (74%) were grouped into VCG 01213/16 (Tropical Race 4) attacking three varieties (Barangan, Kepok, and Raja), nine isolates were clustered into VCG 01218 (Race 1) attacking Siem variety only, and the other four isolates from Siem variety had not been identified yet.  Foc VCG 01213/16 (TR4) was very dominant in NAD Province, in terms of numbers, location, and distribution of attacked varieties. These findings inform that the development of banana plants in the NAD province should be done selectively and consider both preventive measures and appropriate controls.<br />

Variation within and between populations of Fusarium oxysporum based on vegetative compatibility and mitochondrial DNA

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Gordon ◽  
D. Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Field Soils ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Haplotype

Two hundred isolates of Fusarium oxysporum, 100 from each of two different locations, were collected from agricultural field soils in the San Joaquin Valley of California. These isolates comprised 39 different vegetative compatibility groups. Based on the frequency distribution of vegetative compatibility groups, populations of F. oxysporum at the two collection sites were different. At least one isolate from each vegetative compatibility group was examined for polymorphisms in mitochondrial DNA. A total of 41 differences in mitochondrial DNA were identified, each of which was treated as a character and scored as present or absent in each strain. There were 11 unique combinations (haplotypes) of the 41 characters. Three mitochondrial DNA haplotypes were common to both sites and the remaining eight occurred at only one of the two sites. Isolates in the same vegetative compatibility group were always associated with the same mitochondrial DNA haplotype. Many isolates in different vegetative compatibility groups also shared a common mitochondrial DNA haplotype. Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis, cause of Fusarium wilt of muskmelon, was associated with the same mitochondrial DNA haplotype as eight vegetative compatibility groups of F. oxysporum that were not pathogenic to muskmelon. This result may indicate that either the pathogen was a recent derivative of nonpathogenic strains at the same location or avirulent strains have been derived from the pathogen. Key words: anastomosis, fungi, heterokaryon, Fusarium wilt.

scholarly journals Kompatibilitas Vegetatif Fusarium oxysporum dari Beberapa Tanaman Inang

Agrikultura ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Sri Hartati ◽  
Ummu Salamah Rustiani ◽  
Lindung Tri Puspasari ◽  
Wawan Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Complementation Test ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Nit Mutants ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Different Strains

ABSTRACTVegetatif compatibility of Fusarium oxysporum on various hostsMany strains or race of Fusarium oxysporum can be grouped based on compatibility reproduction from a variety of different strains called Vegetative Compatibility Group (VCG). This study was aimed to determine how the grouping of several isolates of F. oxysporum and grouping of several hosts of the fungus by vegetative compatibility group. Fusarium oxysporum isolated from chickpea plants that showed symptoms of fusarium wilt. The isolates of F. oxysporum of chili and tomatoes obtained from the culture collections of Mycology Laboratory of IPB. Stages of vegetative compatibility testing assayed through recovery of nit mutants, the identification of phenotype of nit mutant, and complementation test. There are 29 mutants isolated from the isolates of F. oxysporum. Nit1 mutant was obtained from all isolates of beans, tomatoes and peppers. NitM and Nit3 mutant isolates were obtained from chickpea 4 and chili sequentially. Two VCG and one single self compatibility (SSC) were assayed from isolates of F. oxysporum based on complementation testing.Keywords: Beans, Fusarium wilt, Nit mutant, SSC, VCGABSTRAKJamur Fusarium oxysporum memiliki banyak forma spesialis dan ras. Jamur ini dapat dikelompokkan berdasarkan kompatibilitas reproduksi dari berbagai strain yang berbeda disebut dengan vegetative compatibility group (VCG). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara pengelompokkan F. oxysporum dan pengelompokkan jamur tersebut dari beberapa inang berdasarkan kelompok kompatibilitas vegetatifnya. Isolasi F. oxysporum dilakukan dari tanaman kacang panjang yang menunjukkan gejala layu fusarium. Isolat F. oxysporum dari cabai dan tomat berasal dari koleksi Laboratorium Mikologi IPB. Tahapan pengujian kompatibilitas vegetatif melalui pembiakan nit mutan, identifikasi fenotipe nit mutan, dan pengujian komplementasi. Isolasi mutan F. oxysporum didapatkan 29 mutan. Mutan nit1 didapatkan dari semua isolat yang diperoleh dari semua inang yang berbeda yaitu kacang panjang, tomat dan cabai. Mutan nitM hanya didapatkan dari isolat kacang panjang 4 dan mutan nit3 hanya didapatkan dari isolat cabai. Berdasarkan uji komplementasi F. oxysporum yang diuji terdiri dari dua VCG dan satu single self compatibility (SSC).Kata Kunci: Kacang panjang, Layu fusarium, Nit mutant, SSC, VCG

Fusarium oxysporum associated with wilt and root rot of tomato in Queensland; races and vegetative compatibility groups

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 651 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Ramsey ◽  
RG O'Brien ◽  
KG Pegg
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests

Twenty-two isolates of Fusarium oxysporum, from Queensland's major tomato growing areas, were studied in glasshouse pathogenicity tests and assessed for vegetative compatibility. Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici were identified to race using pathogenicity tests with 4 differential tomato cultivars: Grosse Lisse, Scorpio, moradade and Delta Tristar. The occurrence of race 3 in the Bundaberg district in 1988 was established. In glasshouse experiments, Fusarium wilt severity was influenced by inoculum concentration (1 x 106 v. 5 x 106 conidia/ml). Pathogenic and non-pathogenic isolates were distinguished by vegetative compatibility group analysis. However, all races were in a single vegetative compatibility group and could not be differentiated using this technique. Isolates collected from discoloured vascular tissue in the lower stems of plants with severe root rot (Pythium spp. associated), were non-pathogenic to tomato, bean and pea, although some isolates caused slight damage to cucumber. These isolates were distinctly different from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, the cause of root and crown rot.

scholarly journals Relationships Among Wilt-Inducing Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum from Sweetpotato and Tobacco

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Clark ◽  
J-W. Hyun ◽  
M. W. Hoy
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Burley Tobacco ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
New Race

Thirty-five isolates of Fusarium oxysporum obtained from diseased sweetpotato or tobacco were compared for pathogenicity on two cultivars each of sweetpotato and tobacco, by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles, and by vegetative compatibility group (VCG) analysis. Analysis of RAPD profiles revealed five clusters of isolates that corresponded to patterns of pathogenicity. One cluster of isolates, designated as F. oxysporum f. sp. nicotianae, induced severe wilting on both tobacco cultivars but varied from weakly to highly aggressive on the sweetpotato cultivars. Four of the 16 isolates from this group were originally isolated from sweetpotato, and 1 isolate caused severe disease on both crops. Three clusters included isolates from sweetpotato that were virulent on Porto Rico, caused little or no disease on Beauregard and burley tobacco (cv. Kentucky 5), and did not cause wilt on flue-cured tobacco (cv. Gold Dollar). These isolates were designated as race 0 of F. oxysporum f. sp. batatas. Isolates obtained from sweetpotato from California clustered separately from other sweetpotato isolates and the tobacco isolates. They differed from other sweetpotato isolates in being virulent on Beauregard and are proposed as a new race 1 of F. oxysporum f. sp. batatas. VCG analysis was of limited value with the isolates in this study because many isolates were self-incompatible. In each case, all members of a VCG fell within the same cluster defined by RAPDs. This study demonstrated that F. oxysporum from at least three genetically distinct lineages can cause Fusarium wilt on sweetpotato, and that the host ranges of F. oxysporum f. sp. batatas and F. oxysporum f. sp. nicotianae overlap and include plants from two different families.

Reaction and growth of cucumber hybrids grafted on hybrid squash in response to infection with Fusarium wilt disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 027-035
Author(s):  
Alaa Ibrahim ◽  
◽  
Omar Hmmoudi ◽  
George Asmar ◽  
Naser Sheikh Suleiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease

Biocontrol of tomato Fusarium wilt disease by a new Moringa endophytic Aspergillus isolates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Aldinary ◽  
Amer Morsy Abdelaziz ◽  
Ayman A. Farrag ◽  
Mohamed S. Attia
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease

scholarly journals Palmitic acid mediated change of rhizosphere and alleviation of Fusarium wilt disease in watermelon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexin Ma ◽  
Jinming Kou ◽  
Muhammad Khashi U Rahman ◽  
Wenting Du ◽  
Xingyu Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease

scholarly journals Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum Isolates Obtained from Cucumber in China by Pathogenicity, VCG, and RAPD

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Vakalounakis ◽  
Z. Wang ◽  
G. A. Fragkiadakis ◽  
G. N. Skaracis ◽  
D.-B. Li
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Chinese Isolate ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
First Time

Thirty-four isolates of Fusarium oxysporum, obtained in China from cucumber plants showing either Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum) or root and stem rot (F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum) symptoms, were characterized by pathogenicity, vegetative compatibility, and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Of these, 23 isolates were identified by pathogenicity as F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, and one as F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum, while 10 isolates were avirulent on cucumber, melon, sponge gourd, and pumpkin. The Chinese isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum were assigned to RAPD groups III and XXI and to vegetative compatibility group (VCG) 0183, four new VCGs, 0184 to 0187, and a single-member VCG included in the artificial VCG 018-. The Chinese isolate of F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum was assigned to RAPD group I and bridging VCG 0260/0261. The occurrence of F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum on cucumber is reported for the first time in China.

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