scholarly journals Kompatibilitas Vegetatif Fusarium oxysporum dari Beberapa Tanaman Inang

Agrikultura ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Sri Hartati ◽  
Ummu Salamah Rustiani ◽  
Lindung Tri Puspasari ◽  
Wawan Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Complementation Test ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Nit Mutants ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Different Strains

ABSTRACTVegetatif compatibility of Fusarium oxysporum on various hostsMany strains or race of Fusarium oxysporum can be grouped based on compatibility reproduction from a variety of different strains called Vegetative Compatibility Group (VCG). This study was aimed to determine how the grouping of several isolates of F. oxysporum and grouping of several hosts of the fungus by vegetative compatibility group. Fusarium oxysporum isolated from chickpea plants that showed symptoms of fusarium wilt. The isolates of F. oxysporum of chili and tomatoes obtained from the culture collections of Mycology Laboratory of IPB. Stages of vegetative compatibility testing assayed through recovery of nit mutants, the identification of phenotype of nit mutant, and complementation test. There are 29 mutants isolated from the isolates of F. oxysporum. Nit1 mutant was obtained from all isolates of beans, tomatoes and peppers. NitM and Nit3 mutant isolates were obtained from chickpea 4 and chili sequentially. Two VCG and one single self compatibility (SSC) were assayed from isolates of F. oxysporum based on complementation testing.Keywords: Beans, Fusarium wilt, Nit mutant, SSC, VCGABSTRAKJamur Fusarium oxysporum memiliki banyak forma spesialis dan ras. Jamur ini dapat dikelompokkan berdasarkan kompatibilitas reproduksi dari berbagai strain yang berbeda disebut dengan vegetative compatibility group (VCG). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara pengelompokkan F. oxysporum dan pengelompokkan jamur tersebut dari beberapa inang berdasarkan kelompok kompatibilitas vegetatifnya. Isolasi F. oxysporum dilakukan dari tanaman kacang panjang yang menunjukkan gejala layu fusarium. Isolat F. oxysporum dari cabai dan tomat berasal dari koleksi Laboratorium Mikologi IPB. Tahapan pengujian kompatibilitas vegetatif melalui pembiakan nit mutan, identifikasi fenotipe nit mutan, dan pengujian komplementasi. Isolasi mutan F. oxysporum didapatkan 29 mutan. Mutan nit1 didapatkan dari semua isolat yang diperoleh dari semua inang yang berbeda yaitu kacang panjang, tomat dan cabai. Mutan nitM hanya didapatkan dari isolat kacang panjang 4 dan mutan nit3 hanya didapatkan dari isolat cabai. Berdasarkan uji komplementasi F. oxysporum yang diuji terdiri dari dua VCG dan satu single self compatibility (SSC).Kata Kunci: Kacang panjang, Layu fusarium, Nit mutant, SSC, VCG

Further investigations of vegetative compatibility within Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1245-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Jacobson ◽  
T. R. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
North America ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Compatibility Group

One hundred and nineteen strains of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis were characterized by virulence and vegetative compatibility. One hundred and seven strains were placed in four previously reported vegetative compatibility groups: 0130, 0131, 0133, and 0134. Four strains were placed in three new vegetative compatibility groups, and the remaining eight strains were vegetatively self-incompatible. Two of the three new vegetative compatibility groups shared similar geographic origins and distribution with two previously reported vegetative compatibility groups; the third represented a more isolated infestation. All vegetatively self-incompatible isolates originated from culture collections; none have been recently isolated from nature. These newly characterized strains extend our knowledge of genetic diversity in F. oxysporum f.sp. melonis. All four F. oxysporum f.sp. melonis races exist in more than one vegetative compatibility group. European strains represent four vegetative compatibility groups, one of which is present in North America and another in the Middle East. The significance of this diversity is unknown, as are the phylogenetic relationships among strains in this forma specialis.

Variability in Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1357-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Ploetz
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Nit Mutants ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Time Required

A worldwide collection of 96 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (incitant of fusarial wilt of banana or Panama disease) from 12 countries was used to assess population structure in the pathogen; isolates were diverse for vegetative compatibility (11 vegetative compatibility groups) and race-specific virulence (races 1, 2, and 4). Rates of radial growth on potato dextrose agar differed at temperatures ranging from 8–36 °C for isolates in different VCGs and races (P < 0.05). On a KClO3-amended medium used to generate nitrate-nonutilizing (nit) mutants, variability in chlorate (a toxic analog of nitrate) sensitivity and the time required before nit mutants arose on the medium (mutability) was related primarily to vegetative compatibility group. In addition, cultural morphology on modified Komada's medium and potato dextrose agar was related primarily to vegetative compatibility group, whereas race was not as consistently related to these traits. In studies on the population biology and diversity in F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense, vegetative compatibility was a more useful character than race. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense has had diverse origins.

Variation within and between populations of Fusarium oxysporum based on vegetative compatibility and mitochondrial DNA

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Gordon ◽  
D. Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Field Soils ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Haplotype

Two hundred isolates of Fusarium oxysporum, 100 from each of two different locations, were collected from agricultural field soils in the San Joaquin Valley of California. These isolates comprised 39 different vegetative compatibility groups. Based on the frequency distribution of vegetative compatibility groups, populations of F. oxysporum at the two collection sites were different. At least one isolate from each vegetative compatibility group was examined for polymorphisms in mitochondrial DNA. A total of 41 differences in mitochondrial DNA were identified, each of which was treated as a character and scored as present or absent in each strain. There were 11 unique combinations (haplotypes) of the 41 characters. Three mitochondrial DNA haplotypes were common to both sites and the remaining eight occurred at only one of the two sites. Isolates in the same vegetative compatibility group were always associated with the same mitochondrial DNA haplotype. Many isolates in different vegetative compatibility groups also shared a common mitochondrial DNA haplotype. Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis, cause of Fusarium wilt of muskmelon, was associated with the same mitochondrial DNA haplotype as eight vegetative compatibility groups of F. oxysporum that were not pathogenic to muskmelon. This result may indicate that either the pathogen was a recent derivative of nonpathogenic strains at the same location or avirulent strains have been derived from the pathogen. Key words: anastomosis, fungi, heterokaryon, Fusarium wilt.

scholarly journals Relationships Among Wilt-Inducing Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum from Sweetpotato and Tobacco

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Clark ◽  
J-W. Hyun ◽  
M. W. Hoy
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Burley Tobacco ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
New Race

Thirty-five isolates of Fusarium oxysporum obtained from diseased sweetpotato or tobacco were compared for pathogenicity on two cultivars each of sweetpotato and tobacco, by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles, and by vegetative compatibility group (VCG) analysis. Analysis of RAPD profiles revealed five clusters of isolates that corresponded to patterns of pathogenicity. One cluster of isolates, designated as F. oxysporum f. sp. nicotianae, induced severe wilting on both tobacco cultivars but varied from weakly to highly aggressive on the sweetpotato cultivars. Four of the 16 isolates from this group were originally isolated from sweetpotato, and 1 isolate caused severe disease on both crops. Three clusters included isolates from sweetpotato that were virulent on Porto Rico, caused little or no disease on Beauregard and burley tobacco (cv. Kentucky 5), and did not cause wilt on flue-cured tobacco (cv. Gold Dollar). These isolates were designated as race 0 of F. oxysporum f. sp. batatas. Isolates obtained from sweetpotato from California clustered separately from other sweetpotato isolates and the tobacco isolates. They differed from other sweetpotato isolates in being virulent on Beauregard and are proposed as a new race 1 of F. oxysporum f. sp. batatas. VCG analysis was of limited value with the isolates in this study because many isolates were self-incompatible. In each case, all members of a VCG fell within the same cluster defined by RAPDs. This study demonstrated that F. oxysporum from at least three genetically distinct lineages can cause Fusarium wilt on sweetpotato, and that the host ranges of F. oxysporum f. sp. batatas and F. oxysporum f. sp. nicotianae overlap and include plants from two different families.

scholarly journals Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum Isolates Obtained from Cucumber in China by Pathogenicity, VCG, and RAPD

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Vakalounakis ◽  
Z. Wang ◽  
G. A. Fragkiadakis ◽  
G. N. Skaracis ◽  
D.-B. Li
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Chinese Isolate ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
First Time

Thirty-four isolates of Fusarium oxysporum, obtained in China from cucumber plants showing either Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum) or root and stem rot (F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum) symptoms, were characterized by pathogenicity, vegetative compatibility, and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Of these, 23 isolates were identified by pathogenicity as F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, and one as F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum, while 10 isolates were avirulent on cucumber, melon, sponge gourd, and pumpkin. The Chinese isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum were assigned to RAPD groups III and XXI and to vegetative compatibility group (VCG) 0183, four new VCGs, 0184 to 0187, and a single-member VCG included in the artificial VCG 018-. The Chinese isolate of F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum was assigned to RAPD group I and bridging VCG 0260/0261. The occurrence of F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum on cucumber is reported for the first time in China.

scholarly journals Vegetative Compatibility Groups of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae from Lettuce

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matias Pasquali ◽  
Flavia Dematheis ◽  
Giovanna Gilardi ◽  
Maria Lodovica Gullino ◽  
Angelo Garibaldi
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Race 1

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of lettuce, has been reported in three continents in the last 10 years. Forty-seven isolates obtained from infected plants and seed in Italy, the United States, Japan, and Taiwan were evaluated for pathogenicity and vegetative compatibility. Chlorate-resistant, nitrate-nonutilizing mutants were used to determine genetic relatedness among isolates from different locations. Using the vegetative compatibility group (VCG) approach, all Italian and American isolates, type 2 Taiwanese isolates, and a Japanese race 1 were assigned to the major VCG 0300. Taiwanese isolates type 1 were assigned to VCG 0301. The hypothesis that propagules of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae that caused epidemics on lettuce in 2001-02 in Italian fields might have spread via import and use of contaminated seeds is discussed.

Characterisation of Strains of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense by Production of Volatiles

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
NY Moore ◽  
PA Hargreaves ◽  
KG Pegg ◽  
JAG Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Race 4

The production of volatiles on steamed rice by Australian isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense correlated well with race and vegetative compatibility group (VCG). All race 4 isolates (VCGs 0120, 0129) produced distinctive volatile odours which gave characteristic gas chromatograms where the num- ber of peaks equated to VCG. Race 1 (VCGs 0124, 0125) and race 2 (VCG 0128) isolates, as well as non-pathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum from the banana rhizosphere, did not produce detectable volatiles and gave chromatograms without significant peaks.

Distribution and prevalence of Fusarium subglutinans in mango trees affected by malformation

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Ploetz
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Fusarium Subglutinans ◽  
Nit Mutants ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Mango Malformation

Infection of malformed and nonmalformed mango (Mangifera indica) trees by Fusarium subglutinans was assessed in Florida. All malformed floral panicles, but only 50% of the nonmalformed panicles, were infected by the fungus. When within-panicle infection was evaluated, an average of 84.5 % of the small pedicel and peduncle tissue pieces from malformed panicles were infected. When malformed and nonmalformed panicles were both assessed, 68.3% of the tissues from malformed panicles, but only 11.7% from nonmalformed panicles, were infected. Slight infection (2.2%) was observed in branch tissue that supported malformed panicles, and the fungus was never isolated from branches that supported nonmalformed panicles. In nutritional complementation tests with nitrate nonutilizing (nit) mutants, 55 of 64 isolates of F. subglutinans from malformed mango panicles were in the same vegetative compatibility group. The data indicate that mango malformation in the study area was significantly correlated (P < 0.0001) with infection by genetically related populations of F. subglutinans. The far greater prevalence of F. subglutinans in malformed than in asymptomatic panicles suggests that malformation symptoms develop in floral tissues only after they are extensively colonized by this fungus. Key words: Fusarium subglutinans, mango malformation, vegetative compatibility.

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