scholarly journals Financial catastrophism inherent with out-of-pocket payments in long term care for households: a latent impoverishment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul del Pozo-Rubio ◽  
Isabel Pardo ◽  
Francisco Escribano-Sotos
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Dependent Care ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Out-of-pocket (OOP) payments are configured as an important source of financing long-term care (LTC). However, very few studies have analyzed the risk of impoverishment and catastrophic effects of OOP in LTC. Objective To estimate the contribution of users to the financing of LTC and to analyze the economic consequences for households in terms of impoverishment and catastrophism. Data and Methods The data base which was used is 2008 Spanish Disability and Dependency Survey, projected to 2012. We analyze the OOP payments effect associated to the impoverishment of households comparing volume and financial situation before and after OOP payment. At the same time, the extent to which OOP payment had led to catastrophism was analyzed using different thresholds. Results The results show that contribution of dependent people to the financing of the services they receive exceeds by 50% the costs of these services. This expenditure entails an increase in the number of households that live below the poverty. In terms of catastrophism, more than 80% of households dedicate more than 10% of their income to dependency OOP payments. In annual terms, the catastrophe gap generated by devoting more than 10% of the household income to dependent care OOP payment reached €3,955, 1 million (0,38% of GDP). Conclusion This article informs about consequences of OOP in LCT and supplements previous research that focus on health. Our results should serve to develop strategic for protection against the financial risk resulting from facing the costs of a situation of dependence.

scholarly journals Financial Catastrophism Inherent with Out-of-Pocket Payments in Long Term Care for Households: A Latent Impoverishment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Del Pozo-Rubio ◽  
Isabel Pardo-García ◽  
Francisco Escribano-Sotos
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Dependent Care ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments ◽  
Before And After

Background: Out-of-pocket (OOP) payments are configured as an important source of financing long-term care (LTC). However, very few studies have analyzed the risk of impoverishment and catastrophic effects of OOP in LTC. To estimate the contribution of users to the financing of LTC and to analyze the economic consequences for households in terms of impoverishment and catastrophism after financial crisis in Spain. Methods: The database that was used is the 2008 Spanish Disability and Dependency Survey, projected to 2012. We analyze the OOP payments effect associated to the impoverishment of households comparing volume and financial situation before and after OOP payment. At the same time, the extent to which OOP payment had led to catastrophism was analyzed using different thresholds. Results: The results show that contribution of dependent people to the financing of the services they receive exceeds by 50% the costs of these services. This expenditure entails an increase in the number of households that live below the poverty. In terms of catastrophism, more than 80% of households dedicate more than 10% of their income to dependency OOP payments. In annual terms, the catastrophe gap generated by devoting more than 10% of the household income to dependent care OOP payment reached €3955, 1 million (0.38% of GDP). Conclusion: This article informs about consequences of OOP in LCT and supplements previous research that focus on health. Our results should serve to develop strategic for protection against the financial risk resulting from facing the costs of a situation of dependence.

scholarly journals Developing Capabilities From the Scope of Emotional Intelligence as Part of the Soft Skills Needed in the Long-Term Care Sector: Presentation of Pilot Study and Training Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272090627
Author(s):  
Yasen Dimitrov ◽  
Tanja Vazova
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Training Design ◽  
Soft Skill ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

The article presents the results of the preliminary survey and pilot application of the methodological toolkit for the improvement of certain competencies, which are part of the soft skills of professionals in the long-term care sector in Bulgaria. Based on the survey the authors define 2 target competencies, namely conflict management and empathic interaction. These skills are considered a part of the scope of emotional intelligence and its constituent dimensions and authors use Daniel Goleman’s ability-based model as a base for their conceptual frame and theoretical explanations. In order to present their thesis, the authors perform a soft skill analysis of the long-term care sector; define the construct emotional intelligence and justify their choice of a theoretical model for the subsequent survey. On this basis, they develop a training design for the development of these skills and present the results achieved through its pilot application. The study includes 62 participants randomly divided into a test and control groups. The level of targeted skills is measured (before and after) and the authors report a significant increase in those skills (empathic interaction, net effect 1.87; conflict management, net effect 1.75). In conclusion, the authors open a discussion on the importance of emotional management as an essential part of any profession related to health care and underline its importance for the quality of caregiving services.

Symptoms of Delirium Occurring Before and After Episodes of Delirium in Older Long-Term Care Residents

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2302-2307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin G. Cole ◽  
Jane McCusker ◽  
Philippe Voyer ◽  
Johanne Monette ◽  
Nathalie Champoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Before And After

Reducing emergency presentations from long-term care: A before-and-after study of a multidisciplinary team intervention

Maturitas ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Connolly ◽  
J.B. Broad ◽  
T. Bish ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
D. Bramley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Before And After Study

scholarly journals Evaluating the Conversation Starter Kit in Long Term Care: A Canadian Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 944-945
Author(s):  
Sharon Kaasalainen ◽  
Tamara Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Advance Care Planning ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Care Planning ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Advance Care ◽  
Planning Intervention

Abstract This study evaluated an advance care planning intervention, the Conversation Starter Kit (CSK) booklet, for use in long term care (LTC) homes. This study used a quasi-experimental, one group pre/post design. Quantitative surveys were administered before and after a 3-month advance care planning intervention (CSK booklet). Data were collected at three LTC homes in southern Ontario. We collected data from 55 resident who were able to make decisions on their own paired with 11 family members of these residents. We also collected data from 24 family members of residents who were not able to make decisions on their own. Quantitative surveys were administered before and after the intervention. An additional structured interview was completed at the end of the intervention period, which included both closed and open-ended questions to assess perceptions about the CSK booklet’s use or non-use. Residents reported higher engagement in advance care planning after having completed the CSK booklet than before, particularly related to asking questions to health care providers about health care decisions. Family members reported feeling very certain that they would be able to make decisions on behalf of the resident but they felt less certain after completing the CSK booklet, implying that the CSK booklet raised their awareness of the types of decisions that they might need to make, hopefully triggering them to become more prepared for these decisions in the future. The CSK appears acceptable, easy to use for residents and family members/friends in LTC, and can improve resident engagement in ACP.

scholarly journals Impact of a public policy restricting staff mobility between long-term care homes in Ontario, Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Jones ◽  
Alexander G. Watts ◽  
Salah Uddin Khan ◽  
Jack Forsyth ◽  
Kevin A. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Undirected Network ◽  
Before And After

AbstractObjectivesTo assess changes in the mobility of staff between long-term care homes in Ontario, Canada before and after enactment of public policy restricting staff from working at multiple homes.DesignPre-post observational study.Setting and Participants623 long-term cares homes in Ontario, Canada between March 2020 and June 2020.MethodsWe used anonymized mobile device location data to approximate connectivity between all 623 long-term care homes in Ontario during the 7 weeks before (March 1 – April 21) and after (April 22 – June 13) the policy restricting staff movement was implemented. We visualized connectivity between long-term care homes in Ontario using an undirected network and calculated the number of homes that had a connection with another long-term care home and the average number of connections per home in each period. We calculated the relative difference in these mobility metrics between the two time periods and compared within-home changes using McNemar’s test and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.ResultsIn the period preceding restrictions, 266 (42.7%) long-term care homes had a connection with at least one other home, compared to 79 (12.7%) homes during the period after restrictions, a drop of 70.3% (p <0.001). The average number of connections in the before period was 3.90 compared to 0.77 in after period, a drop of 80.3% (p < 0.001). In both periods, mobility between long-term care homes was higher in homes located in larger communities, those with higher bed counts, and those part of a large chain.Conclusions and ImplicationsMobility between long-term care homes in Ontario fell sharply after an emergency order by the Ontario government limiting long-term care staff to a single home, though some mobility persisted. Reducing this residual mobility should be a focus of efforts to reduce risk within the long-term care sector during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Health Insurance Systems as Models for Managing the Increasing Elderly Populations of Japan and Korea

2011 ◽  
pp. 282-294
Author(s):  
Seungwon Jeong ◽  
Yusuke Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Long Term Care Insurance ◽  
The Republic

This chapter looks into the systems and institutions for the elderly population covered by long-term care insurance in Japan and the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea). It shall discuss the historical changes in policies in these two nations. The Health Care and Welfare Complex elements that make up a single business model for the Health Care and Social Services of the aged in Japan and Korea will also be discussed in this paper. The management environment for medical facilities greatly changed with adjustments in the population structure and the social environment, and this resulted in serious competition between medical facilities for patients. Medical facilities in Japan and Korea showed a rapid increase in comprehensive medical and welfare management. Consequently, there were provisions in both health care and social services through affiliation, chain affiliation and multiplication, before and after the enforcement of long-term care insurance.

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