scholarly journals Why is tobacco control progress in Indonesia stalled? - A qualitative analysis of interviews with tobacco control experts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Putu Ayu Swandewi Astuti ◽  
Mary Assunta ◽  
Becky Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tobacco Policy ◽  
Policy Adoption ◽  
Power Imbalance ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
Organization Framework ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Indonesia shoulders a significant tobacco burden, with almost two million cases of tobacco-related illnesses and more than two hundred thousand tobacco-related deaths annually. Indonesian tobacco control is progressing but lags behind other countries. Our study evaluates factors that contribute to the slow progress of tobacco policy change in Indonesia from the perspective of tobacco control experts (TCEs). Method We conducted qualitative interviews with four international and ten national TCEs, who have been active in tobacco control for at least 5 years. Our interview guideline included questions on the current tobacco control situation in Indonesia and explored reasons why tobacco control is progressing so slowly. The interviews were conducted either in English or Bahasa Indonesia, recorded and then transcribed verbatim. We conducted a thematic analysis based on five core causal factors for policy adoption: institutions, networks, socio-economic factors, agendas and ideas. Results The multistage delay of tobacco policy adoption is principally due to political structures and policy hierarchy, complex bureaucracy, unclear roles and responsibilities, and a high degree of corruption. The low bargaining position and lack of respect for the Ministry of Health also contributes. There are contrasting frames of tobacco as a strategic economic asset and tobacco control as a sovereignty threat. There is an imbalance of power and influence between well entrenched and resourced tobacco industry networks compared to relatively young and less established tobacco control networks. The policy agenda is likely influenced by the privileged position of tobacco in Indonesia as a socially acceptable product with high consumption. There are constraints on transferring ideas and evidence to successful policy adoption. Conclusion Tobacco companies have substantially influenced both policy decisions and public perceptions, signifying a power imbalance within the government system and broader networks. Acceding to and enforcing the World Health Organization-Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO-FCTC) would enable the Indonesian government to shift the power imbalance towards public health stakeholders. Tobacco control advocates must enhance their network cohesion and embrace other community groups to improve engagement and communication with policymakers.

scholarly journals Why is tobacco control progress in Indonesia stalled? - A qualitative analysis of interviews with tobacco control experts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Putu Ayu Swandewi Astuti ◽  
Mary Assunta ◽  
Becky Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tobacco Policy ◽  
Policy Adoption ◽  
Power Imbalance ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
Organization Framework ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Introduction Indonesia shoulders a significant tobacco burden, with almost two million cases of tobacco-related illnesses and more than two hundred thousand tobacco-related deaths annually. Indonesian tobacco control is progressing but lags behind other countries. Our study evaluates factors that contribute to the slow progress of tobacco policy change in Indonesia from the perspective of tobacco control experts (TCEs). Method We conducted qualitative interviews with four international and ten national TCEs, who have been active in tobacco control for at least 5 years. Our interview guideline included questions on the current tobacco control situation in Indonesia and explored reasons why tobacco control is progressing so slowly. The interviews were conducted either in English or Bahasa Indonesia, recorded and then transcribed verbatim. We conducted a thematic analysis based on five core causal factors for policy adoption: institutions, networks, socio-economic factors, agendas and ideas. Results and Discussion The multistage delay of tobacco policy adoption is principally due to political structures and policy hierarchy, complex bureaucracy, unclear roles and responsibilities, and a high degree of corruption. The low bargaining position and lack of respect for the Ministry of Health also contributes. There are contrasting frames of tobacco as a strategic economic asset and tobacco control as a sovereignty threat. There is an imbalance of power and influence between well entrenched and resourced tobacco industry networks compared to relatively young and less established tobacco control networks. The policy agenda is likely influenced by the privileged position of tobacco in Indonesia as a socially acceptable product with high consumption. There are constraints on transferring ideas and evidence to successful policy adoption. Conclusion Tobacco companies have substantially influenced both policy decisions and public perceptions, signifying a power imbalance within the government system and broader networks. Acceding to and enforcing the World Health Organization-Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO-FCTC) would enable the Indonesian government to shift the power imbalance towards public health stakeholders. Tobacco control advocates must enhance their network cohesion and embrace other community groups to improve engagement and communication with policymakers.

scholarly journals Why is tobacco control progress in Indonesia stalled? - A qualitative analysis of interviews with tobacco control experts

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Putu Ayu Swandewi Astuti ◽  
Mary Assunta ◽  
Becky Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Tobacco Policy ◽  
Policy Adoption ◽  
Power Imbalance ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
Slow Progress ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Introduction Indonesia shoulders a significant tobacco burden, with almost two million cases of tobacco-related illnesses and more than two hundred thousand tobacco-related deaths annually. Indonesian tobacco control is progressing but lags behind other countries. Our study evaluates factors that contribute to the slow progress of tobacco policy change in Indonesia from the perspective of tobacco control experts (TCEs).Method We conducted qualitative interviews with four international and ten national TCEs, who have been active in tobacco control for at least 5 years. Our interview guideline included questions on the current tobacco control situation in Indonesia and explored reasons why tobacco control is progressing so slowly. The interviews were conducted either in English or Bahasa Indonesia, recorded and then transcribed verbatim. We conducted a thematic analysis based on five core causal factors for policy adoption: institutions, networks, socio-economic factors, agendas and ideas.Results and Discussion The multistage delay of tobacco policy adoption is principally due to political structures and policy hierarchy, complex bureaucracy, unclear roles and responsibilities, and a high degree of corruption. The low bargaining position and lack of respect for the Ministry of Health also contributes. There are contrasting frames of tobacco as a strategic economic asset and tobacco control as a sovereignty threat. There is an imbalance of power and influence between well entrenched and resourced tobacco industry networks compared to relatively young and less established tobacco control networks. The policy agenda is likely influenced by the privileged position of tobacco in Indonesia as a socially acceptable product with high consumption. There are constraints on transferring ideas and evidence to successful policy adoption.Conclusion Tobacco companies have substantially influenced both policy decisions and public perceptions, signifying a power imbalance within the government system and broader networks. Acceding to and enforcing the WHO-FCTC would enable the Indonesian government to shift the power imbalance towards public health stakeholders. Tobacco control advocates must enhance their network cohesion and embrace other community groups to improve engagement and communication with policymakers.

scholarly journals Trade Controversy Amidst Tobacco Control Provisions: Dynamics on the Establishment of U.S Tobacco Control Act 2009

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Puguh Toko Arisanto
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Scientific Advisory Committee ◽  
Scientific Advisory ◽  
Organization Framework ◽  
Health Organization

<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This article examines the dynamics­­­­­­­­ on the establishment of a health policy that U.S suddenly issued, so-called Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (FSPTCA). Some provisions of this act having something to do with trade were assumed controversial policy due to two reasons. First, it banned the circulations of specific flavors in cigarettes but allowed menthol-containing tobacco products. Second, this act involved tobacco industry participation on Tobacco Products Scientific Advisory Committee (TPSAC). In short, this article addresses interest groups consisting of tobacco companies and civil society groups influencing U.S government to take action regarding ratification of World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). They both have contradicting interests and race against each other to influence government through varied means. I argue that this opposing domestic dynamics influences U.S government to issue FSPTCA that contained two controversies and adopted provisions of WHO FCTC as win-win solution.</p><p> <strong>Keyword</strong>s: tobacco control; interest groups; ratification; influence; win-win solution. </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstrak</em></strong></p><p><em>Artikel ini membahas mengenai dinamika pembentukan sebuah kebijakan atau undang-undang kesehatan Amerika, FSPTCA yang dikeluarkan secara mendadak. Beberapa ketentuan dari undang-undang ini berkaitan dengan perdagangan dan diasumsikan sebagai kebijakan yang kontroversial karena dua alasan. Pertama, undang-undang ini melarang peredaran rokok beraroma rasa namun mengizinkan produk tembakau yang mengandung mentol. Kedua, undang-undang ini melibatkan partisipasi industri tembakau dalam sebuah kelompok para penasehat ilmiah produk tembakau. Singkatnya, artikel ini merujuk pada kelompok kepentingan yaitu perusahaan-perusahaan rokok dan kelompok masyarakat sipil yang mempengaruhi pemerintah dalam meratifikasi konvensi kerangka kontrol tembakau dari WHO. Mereka memiliki kepentingan yang saling bertentanga</em><em>n</em><em> dan saling berlomba untuk mempengaruhi pemerintah Amerika melalui berbagai macam cara. Akhirnya, penulis beragumen bahwa dinamika domestik yang saling bertentangan mempengaruhi pemerintah AS untuk mengeluarkan kebijakan FSPTCA yang</em><em> memuat dua kontroversi dan</em><em> mengadopsi ketentuan WHO FCTC dengan dua kontroversinya sebagai win-win solution. </em></p><p><em> </em><strong><em>Kata Kunci</em></strong><em>: kontrol tembakau; kelompok kepentingan; ratifikasi; mempengaruhi; </em>win-win solution.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Analisis Keputusan Indonesia terhadap WHO FCTC pada Masa Kepemimpinan Presiden Joko Widodo Tahun 2014-2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Aloysius Anandyo Pambudi
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Legal Liability ◽  
World Health ◽  
Systemic Level ◽  
Organization Framework ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Online Sources

This article aims to analyze Indonesia’s decision on World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) in the leadership period of President Joko Widodo from 2014-2019. As one out of nine states which have not to sign and ratify WHO FCTC, historically Indonesia is one of the full drafting member states which actively involved in the convention’s making and negotiations since 1996. However, from 2003 until 2019, Indonesia still refuses to sign or ratify WHO FCTC. From past years, studies about Indonesia’s non-compliance decision on WHO FCTC limited by the analysis focused on domestic factors to explain state’s behavior, non-state actors’ interest, or discourse about tobacco control issues. This article provides an analysis of the state’s (Indonesia) behavior from the systemic level by using the theory of international regime’s functions. By using secondary data obtained from official documents of state or international organizations, books, journals, and other online sources linked to Indonesia’s decision on WHO FCTC, this article shows that Indonesia’s non-compliance decision to WHO FCTC in the leadership of President Joko Widodo from 2014-2019, caused by Indonesian government’s negative interpretations to the legal liability, reducing cost, and information facilitation functions of WHO FCTC.

An analysis of trends in publications on ‘tobacco control’

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Didem Unutmaz Durmuşoğlu ◽  
Pınar Kocabey Çiftçi
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Research Field ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Organization Framework ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Health Organization

Objectives: Publications on tobacco control were quantitatively analysed to gain insight into the essential characteristics of the research field and trends and patterns in publication activities. The goal was to detect changes in the number of publications before and after the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) was introduced. Study design: A bibliometric analysis was performed to assess the current status and research themes of tobacco control papers listed in the Web of Science database published between 1990 and 2015. Methods: Quantitative analyses were conducted to investigate publication activities, geographic distribution and individuals’ research fields within tobacco control. Results: The number of publications on tobacco control was over 81 times higher in 2015 than in 1990. At least 50% of the papers were published by authors in high-income countries. In addition, in the first 5 years after the WHO FCTC was introduced, publications on tobacco control increased considerably and the first publications from authors from Malaysia and Uruguay appeared. Researchers from the Americas Region of WHO contributed to the field much more frequently than those from the other five WHO regions. Conclusion: Findings from this study suggest that researchers’ interest from most countries increased after the WHO FCTC was introduced. However, research outputs from low- and middle-income countries remained comparatively low. Promoting more interest in tobacco control among researchers in these countries may help control the future prevalence of smoking.

scholarly journals Compliance with the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in Slovakia and in Finland: Two Different Worlds

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6661
Author(s):  
Barbara Pavlikova ◽  
Lenka Freel ◽  
Jitse P. van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tobacco Policy ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Free Environment

The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) developed by the State Parties to the World Health Organization was ratified in Slovakia in 2004 and in Finland in 2005. The aim of this study was to explore and compare compliance with the FCTC in Finland and Slovakia. This is a two-country comparative study of tobacco control policy based on implementation of the FCTC in Slovakia and Finland. Compliance with the FCTC was measured similarly in Slovakia and Finland in terms of their institutional structure supporting a smoking free environment and implementation of selected articles of the FCTC. In Finland the responsibilities for anti-tobacco policy are clearly assigned. Slovakia does not have specifically responsible institutions. Finland has a clear plan for achieving the goal of a smoking-free country based on empirical evidence. Slovakia meets only the minimum standard resulting from its commitment as ratified in the FCTC and data are out of date or missing completely.

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