Penerimaan Pesan Persuasif dari Perspektif Elaboration Likelihood Model : Iklan Layanan Masyarakat Himbauan Berhenti Merokok

The number of smokers among Indonesian teenagers continues to increase every year. Public service advertisements (PSA) for smoking prevention must be delivered with the right approach to be accepted in the minds of the audience. This study aims to expand on previous research on smoking prevention PSAs by testing the concept of the Elaboration Likelihood Model theory. The research method applied is exploratory qualitative which is complemented by the results of in-depth interviews with 4 participants of postgraduate students of communication science at the University of Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that attitudes towards issues and personal relevance are the factors that most influence the acceptance of persuasive messages on PSAs that prohibit smoking #SuaraTanpaRokok. Repetition can be used to increase the effectiveness of a given persuasive message.

Development of the UNC Perceived Message Effectiveness Scale for Youth

PurposeTobacco prevention media campaigns are an important tool to address youth tobacco use. We developed a theory-based perceived message effectiveness (PME) Scale to use when vetting messages for campaigns.MethodsParticipants were a national sample of N=623 US adolescents (ages 13–17 years) recruited from a national probability-based panel. In an online experiment, we randomised adolescents to view tobacco prevention ads. All participants viewed an ad on smoking or vaping from the US Food and Drug Administration’s The Real Cost campaign and a control video, in a random order. After ad exposure, we assessed PME using nine candidate items and constructs for convergent and criterion validity analyses. We used confirmatory factor analysis and examined information curves to select the scale items.ResultsA brief PME scale with three items (α=0.95) worked equally well for demographically diverse adolescents with different patterns of tobacco use. The Real Cost ads generated higher PME scores than the control videos for both vaping and smoking (convergent validity; p<0.05). Higher PME scores were associated with greater attention, fear, cognitive elaboration and anticipated social interactions (convergent validity; r=0.31–0.66), as well as more negative attitudes toward and lower susceptibility to vaping and smoking (criterion validity; r=−0.14 to −0.37). A single-item PME measure performed similarly to the three-item version.ConclusionsThe University of North Carolina PME Scale for Youth is a reliable and valid measure of the potential effectiveness of vaping and smoking prevention ads. Employing PME scales during message development and selection may help youth tobacco prevention campaigns deploy more effective ads.

Edukasi Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Bahaya Rokok Pada Remaja di SMK Endang Darma Ayu Kabupaten Indramayu

The prevalence of smokers in Indonesia in adolescents aged 10-18 years in 2013 was 7.20% while in 2018 it was 9.10%, which means that there was an increase in the percentage of adolescent smokers by 1.9%. It is necessary to educate adolescents so that their knowledge about the dangers of smoking, prevention and control of the dangers of smoking can increase. The method used is Lecture and Discussion using educational video media and presentation of material using power point, the target of the activity is students at SMK Endang Darma Ayu, Indramayu Regency as many as 60 students. The arrangement of community service activities includes a welcome speech from the Student Affairs Section of Endang Darma Ayu Vocational School, introduction of the Community Service team from STIKes Indramayu, Pre Test, providing educational materials on how to prevent and control the dangers of smoking, discussion, post test, distribution of prizes. The results of the activity there was an increase in knowledge of 22.33%, the presentation during the pre test was 73.67% after being given education there was an increase in the post test score to 96%. It is necessary to carry out further community service activities by forming peer educators at SMK Endang Darma Ayu, Indramayu RegencyKeywords: Education; Prevention and Control; Danger of cigarette; Teenager AbstrakPrevalensi perokok di Indonesia pada remaja usia 10-18 tahun pada tahun 2013 sebesar 7,20% sedangkan pada tahun 2018 sebesar 9,10%, yang artinya terjadi peningkatan persentase perokok remaja sebesar 1,9%. Perlu dilakukan edukasi kepada remaja agar pengetahuan remaja tentang bahaya rokok, pencegahan dan pengendalian bahaya rokok dapat meningkat. Metode yang digunakan adalah Ceramah dan Diskusi dengan menggunakan media edukasi video dan penyajian materi menggunakan power point, sasaran kegiatan adalah siswa/siswi di SMK Endang Darma Ayu Kabupaten Indramayu sebanyak 60 siswa. Susunan acara kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat meliputi Sambutan dari Bagian Kesiswaan SMK Endang Darma Ayu, Perkenalan tim Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dari STIKes Indramayu, Pre Test, memberikan materi edukasi bagaimana pencegahan dan pengendalian bahaya rokok, diskusi, post test, pembagian hadiah. Hasil dari kegiatan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 22.33 % presentasi saat pre test adalah 73.67% setelah diberikan edukasi terjadi peninggakatan hasil nilai post test nya menjadi 96%. Perlu dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat lebih lanjut dengan membentuk peer edukator di SMK Endang Darma Ayu Kabupaten Indramayu.Kata kunci: Edukasi; Pencegahan dan Pengendalian; Bahaya Rokok; Remaja

Family Support as Smoking Prevention during Transition from Early to Late Adolescence: A Study in 42 Countries

Family support has a beneficial impact on protecting health-risk behaviour in adolescents. This study aimed to explore whether family support is associated with risk of smoking during transition from early (11 years) to late (15 years) adolescence across 42 countries. The data from the cross-national Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study in 2017/2018 were employed (N = 195,966). Family support was measured using the four-item Family dimension of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (sum score 20 or more was categorised as high family support). Smoking was defined as a reported cigarette smoking at least 1–2 days in the last 30 days. The association between smoking and family support was assessed using a prevalence ratio (PR) obtained from the multivariate Poisson regression. Over two thirds of adolescents reported high levels of support from their family. Family support was found to significantly decrease with age in most of the countries, with the boys reported high level of family support more often than girls. The adolescents who reported having low family support also were more likely to smoke compared to their peers who reported having high family support (PR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.71–1.91 in boys, and PR = 2.19; 95% CI: 2.08–2.31 in girls). The countries with a stronger effect of family support in reducing smoking risk indicated lower rates of adolescent smoking as well as lower increases in the cigarette smoking prevalence during the age period from 11 to 15 years. This study reinforces the need for family support, which is an important asset helping adolescents to overcome the risk of smoking during their transition from early to late adolescence.

Smoking prevention in adolescents: a cross-sectional and qualitative evaluation of a newly implemented prevention program in Switzerland

ObjectivesIn 2014, a hospital-based smoking prevention programme ‘Nichtrauchen ist clever!’ (NIC!) for adolescents aged 12–14 was initiated. The aim of the study was to evaluate participants’ smoking behaviour and to explore the acceptance of the programme, and participants’ awareness on smoking-related diseases and factors that promote smoking initiation.DesignWe performed a cross-sectional survey to evaluate participant’s acceptance of the NIC! program and their smoking habits. A total of 1658 participants completed the survey between January 2016 and December 2019. A qualitative approach, including analysing feedback from students gathered at 77 prevention events between June 2014 and December 2019, was used to assess their view on reasons for smoking initiation and their knowledge about smoking-related diseases.ResultsTwenty-six per cent (429/1658) have already tried tobacco products (so called triers), specifically cigarettes, electronic (e)-cigarettes and shisha. The use of e-cigarettes was most popular among triers 58% (252/429). Eighty-eight per cent of participants (1408/1604) reported they had acquired good or excellent knowledge about smoking, and 89% (1439/1617) of participants stated that they intend not to smoke in the future. Particularly lung cancer and cancer in general, heart—and vascular diseases were frequently mentioned to be smoking related; where, on the other hand, a large number of relevant smoking-associated diseases were mentioned irregularly. Peer pressure, stress and coolness were identified as reasons for smoking initiation, whereas the influence of marketing and multimedia, as well as socioeconomic—and lifestyle-related factors on smoking behaviour was barely noticed.ConclusionNIC! had a high acceptance among the participants and a large number of students reported relevant gain of knowledge. We identified important knowledge-gaps relating to smoking initiation and smoking-related diseases, helping to improve further smoking prevention approaches.

Evaluation and Impact of ASPIRE: An Interactive Tobacco Prevention Curriculum, among University Students in India

Online education approach provides innovative opportunities for engaging youths. Web-based, multimedia smoking prevention programs have been tested in high-income countries; however, efficacy of such programs is not well-investigated in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of A Smoking Prevention Interactive Experience (ASPIRE), an interactive tobacco prevention curriculum, among university students in India.A single-subject cohort study where each subject serves as their own control was conducted among university student participants engaged in ASPIRE, 60 minutes per week for five consecutive weeks during July to August of 2019. Assessments were conducted at baseline and immediately after exposure to ASPIRE. To evaluate the program, a structured instrument was specifically designed to measure the outcomes.A total of 103 university students participated voluntarily. Average age of the participants was 18.3±0.9 ranging from 17 to 20 years. Eighteen percent of students were curious to know about the various smoking products. More males were more susceptible to cigarette smoking as compared to females. The majority of participants felt that ASPIRE was culturally appropriate for young adults in India, but a modified version targeted toward Indian youth would be more acceptable. Pre- to postintervention knowledge of tobacco-related hazards increased from 70 to 97% (p < 0.001).ASPIRE, a multimedia interactive program, demonstrated its considerable potential to discourage smoking initiation among Indian youth.

Factors Related to Adolescent Smoking: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study in Thailand

Objective: This study aimed to explore the individual, familial, and social factors associated with different smoking status in Thai adolescents from the 2017 Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Drinking Behavior Survey (CSAD) Methods: The nationally representative sample of 6046 adolescents aged 15-19 years who took part in the 2017 CSAD in Thailand. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the associations between the individual, familial, and social factors and different smoking status. Results: The daily smoking and occasional smoking was 6.4% and 3.3%, respectively. Gender, alcohol use, substance use, attitudes toward smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke at home, anti-smoking social media campaign, and graphic warning labels were related to both daily and occasional smoking. Daily smoking was associated with exposure to secondhand smoke at school, restaurant, and public transport, and exposure to tobacco advertising. Conclusion: These findings suggest that smoking prevention intervention should particularly focus on these factors and also need to develop the anti-smoking policies for smoking prevention among adolescents.

Challenges in smoking prevention among healthcare workers

Many diseases have been reported in association with smoking, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and coronary artery disease. Healthcare workers (HCWs) play an essential role in such campaigns being in the first-line of management of the corresponding patients. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the smoking status among HCWs to make sure adequate interventions are appropriately delivered to their patients. Unfortunately, different studies in the literature indicate that the prevalence of smoking is high among HCWs. Furthermore, adopting restricting policies against smoking has been reported to be of limited efficacy in reducing the frequency of smoking. Therefore, other pharmacological therapies have been proposed. However, the duration of the effectiveness of these modalities does not allow for favorable long-term outcomes. Accordingly, psychological interventions, web-based campaigns, and person-to-person interviews can be the most appropriate modalities to achieve better outcomes. Further investigations are still needed for further validation of the most optimal and suitable intervention.

Prevention of nicotine addiction at the enterprises of the Siberian Coal Energy Company

The problem of Smoking is widespread among different age groups of the population both in individual countries and in the world as a whole. According to official statistics, the number of regular tobacco users in the world reaches a billion. The harm of tobacco is caused by the content of toxic substances in the inhaled smoke, which have a negative impact on organs and systems, leading to the emergence of diseases or exacerbation of existing ones. Deaths due to diseases associated with tobacco use are not uncommon. Given the high mortality and morbidity from nosological forms, the risk of which is Smoking, prevention and methods of combating addiction are an important topic in modern medicine. This article presents the experience of using the auditory psycho-correction program “NO SMOKE” in the fight against tobacco dependence among employees of the coal Company.