Breast milk Vitamin B12 Concentration and Incidence of Diarrhea and Respiratory Infections among Infants in Urban Tanzania: a prospective cohort study

Abstract Objective: A recent trial of vitamin B12 supplementation among Indian children 6-30 months found no effect on the incidence of diarrhea and respiratory infections. These results differ with studies in adults that showed improvement of the immune response following treatment with vitamin B12. We sought to determine how the adequacy of vitamin B12 concentrations in breast milk could act as immune modulator and protect against the incidence of diarrhea and respiratory infections of children up to 18 months in urban Tanzania. Results: A prospective cohort study was undertaken to determine the association of breast milk vitamin B12 concentration with the incidence of acute respiratory infection and diarrhea among infants in urban Tanzania. A random sample of 491 women enrolled in a trial of multivitamins provided milk for B12 analysis at or around 6 weeks postpartum. Of 491 women, 345 had breast milk vitamin B12 inadequacy (<310 pmol/L). Using generalized estimating equations, we found no overall association of milk vitamin B12 concentration with incident diarrhea and acute respiratory infections in infants. Studies measuring longitudinal changes of breast milk B12 concentration over time are needed to clarify the role of breast milk vitamin B12 in childhood infections.

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Breast milk Vitamin B12 Concentration and Incidence of Diarrhea and Respiratory Infections among Infants in Urban Tanzania: a prospective cohort study

10.21203/rs.2.22305/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Omar Ndano Lweno ◽

Christopher R Sudfeld ◽

Ellen Hertzmark ◽

Karim P Manji ◽

Anne Marie Darling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Childhood Infections ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Vitamin B12 Supplementation

Abstract Trials of vitamin B12 supplementation in children 6-30 months have shown an increased risk of diarrhea and respiratory infections among participants. These results are not consistent with studies in adults that showed improvement of the immune response following treatment with vitamin B12. We sought to determine how the adequacy of vitamin B12 concentrations in breast milk could act as immune modulator and protect against the incidence of diarrhea and respiratory infections of children up to 18 months in urban Tanzania. A prospective cohort study was undertaken to determine the association of milk vitamin B12 concentration with the incidence of acute respiratory infection and diarrhea among infants in urban Tanzania. A random sample of 491 women enrolled in a trial of multivitamins provided milk for B12 analysis at or around 6 weeks postpartum. Of 491 women, 345 had vitamin B12 concentrations less than the value used to define adequate intake (<310 pmol/L) in breast milk. Using generalized estimating equations, we found no overall association of milk vitamin B12 concentration with incident diarrhea and ARI in infants. Prospective studies that perform longitudinal evaluations of milk B12 concentration over time are needed to clarify the role of milk vitamin B12 in childhood infections.

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Breast milk vitamin B12 concentration and incidence of diarrhea and respiratory infections among infants in urban Tanzania: a prospective cohort study

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-020-05003-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Omar N. Lweno ◽

Christopher R. Sudfeld ◽

Ellen Hertzmark ◽

Karim P. Manji ◽

Anne Marie Darling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Respiratory Infections

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Breast milk parasite-specific antibodies and protection from amebiasis and cryptosporidiosis in Bangladeshi infants: a prospective cohort study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.724518503.793524143 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Upinder Singh

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Specific Antibodies

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Association of Maternal Folate and Vitamin B12 in Early Pregnancy With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc20-1607 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 217-223

Author(s):

Xiaotian Chen ◽

Yi Zhang ◽

Hongyan Chen ◽

Yuan Jiang ◽

Yin Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Early Pregnancy ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Folate And Vitamin B12

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Study protocol for the ABERRANT study: antibiotic-induced disruption of the maternal and infant microbiome and adverse health outcomes — a prospective cohort study among children born at term

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036275 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e036275

Author(s):

Maryse Volery ◽

Valentin Scherz ◽

William Jakob ◽

Diane Bandeira ◽

Vanessa Deggim-Messmer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Metagenomic Sequencing ◽

Adverse Health Outcomes ◽

Registration Number

IntroductionThere is compositional overlap between the maternal intestinal microbiome, the breast milk microbiome and the infant oral and intestinal microbiome. Antibiotics cause profound changes in the microbiome. However, the effect of intrapartum and early-life antibiotics on the maternal intestinal and breast milk microbiome, and the infant oral and intestinal microbiome, and whether effects are only short term or persist long term remain uncertain.Methods and analysesIn this prospective cohort study, we will use metagenomic sequencing to determine: (1) the effect of intrapartum antibiotics on the composition of the breast milk, and the infant oral and intestinal microbiome, including the development and persistence of antibiotic resistance; (2) the effect of antibiotic exposure in the first year of life on the composition of the infant oral and intestinal microbiome, including the development and persistence of antibiotic resistance; (3) the effect of disruption of the infant oral and intestinal microbiome on health outcomes and (4) the compositional overlap between the maternal intestinal microbiome, the breast milk microbiome and the infant oral and intestinal microbiome.Ethics and disseminationThe ABERRANT study has been approved by the commission cantonale d’éthique de la recherche sur l’être humain (CER-VD) du Canton de Vaud (#2019–01567). Outcomes will be disseminated through publication and will be presented at scientific conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04091282.

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Acute Respiratory Infections in Nigerian Children: Prospective Cohort Study of Incidence and Case Management

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics ◽

10.1093/tropej/40.5.279 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 279-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

D. Fagbule ◽

D. B. Parakoyi ◽

R. Spiegel

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Case Management ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Acute Respiratory Infections ◽

Nigerian Children

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The Relationship of the Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids Initial Score on the Prognosis of Pre-school Children With Asthma: A Prospective Cohort Study

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.690333 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Lu Liu ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Shu-Hua Yuan ◽

Jin-Hong Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Asthma Control ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Ed Visits ◽

Initial Score ◽

The Relationship

Objective: The test for respiratory and asthma control in kids (TRACK) is currently the only standard follow-up tool for children under 5 years of age with asthma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the TRACK initial score (Ti) and their prognosis after 6 months of follow-up in pre-schoolers with asthma.Design: A prospective cohort study.Methods: The study included pre-schoolers diagnosed with asthma at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center between January 2019 and June 2020, and follow-up for 6 months. TRACK scores, frequency of wheezing and respiratory infections, number of Emergency Department (ED) visits and treatment regimen were collected. According to the TRACK initial score, the children were divided into “Ti < 60 group” and “Ti ≥ 60 group,” and the two groups were compared in terms of TRACK score related indicators, clinical manifestations and treatment.Results: There are 102 pre-schoolers included in the analysis [78 boys (76.5%) and 24 girls (23.5%); mean (SD) age, 28.05 (11.63) months]. After 6 months of follow-up, the TRACK score was improved in both groups, and the “Ti ≥ 60 group” had a higher score, lower rate of uncontrolled asthma and fewer reassessments were required. There was no difference in the number of wheezing attacks between the two groups in terms of clinical presentation, but the “Ti < 60 group” had more respiratory infections and ED visits. Regarding the use of ICSs, in the “Ti < 60 groups,” the dose of ICSs was higher and reduced slowly, and the dose difference between the two groups began to appear after 5 months of follow-up.Conclusion: TRACK is essential for pre-schoolers with asthma at the time they are diagnosed. In addition, if the TRACK initial score is < 60, the probability of poor prognosis is higher.

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