scholarly journals Health and Adverse Childhood Experiences Among Homeless Youth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Barnes ◽  
Amy L. Gower ◽  
Mollika Sajady ◽  
Katherine A. Lingras
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Homeless Youth ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Housing Status ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Abstract Background and Objectives Homelessness is associated with health problems and with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). The risk of chronic health conditions for homeless compared to housed youth, and how this risk interacts with ACEs remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between ACEs, housing, and child health, and whether: 1) ACEs and health vary by housing context; 2) ACEs and homelessness confer independent health risks; and 3) ACEs interact with housing with regard to adolescent health.Methods Using data from 119,254 8th-11th graders, we tested independent and joint effects of ACEs and past-year housing status (housed, family homelessness, unaccompanied homelessness) on overall health and chronic health conditions, controlling for sociodemographic covariates.Results The prevalence of ACEs varied by housing status, with 34.1% of housed youth experiencing ≥1 ACE vs. 56.3% of family-homeless and 85.5% of unaccompanied-homeless youth. Health status varied similarly. Homelessness and ACEs were independently associated with low overall health and chronic health conditions, after adjusting for covariates. Compared to housed youth, both family-homeless youth and unaccompanied-homeless youth had increased odds of low overall health and chronic physical and/or mental health conditions. All ACE x housing-status interactions were significant (all p<0.001), such that ACE-related health risks were moderated by housing status.Conclusions ACEs and housing status independently predict health status during adolescence beyond other sociodemographic risks. Being homeless unaccompanied is also riskier than being homeless with family, and every additional ACE increases this risk. Clinicians and health systems should advocate for policies that include stable housing as a protective factor.

scholarly journals Health and Adverse Childhood Experiences Among Homeless Youth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Barnes ◽  
Amy L. Gower ◽  
Mollika Sajady ◽  
Katherine A. Lingras
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Homeless Youth ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Housing Status ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Abstract Background and Objectives Homelessness is associated with health problems and with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). The risk of chronic health conditions for homeless compared to housed youth, and how this risk interacts with ACEs remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between ACEs, housing, and child health, and whether: 1) ACEs and health vary by housing context; 2) ACEs and homelessness confer independent health risks; and 3) ACEs interact with housing with regard to adolescent health. Methods Using data from 119,254 8th-11th graders, we tested independent and joint effects of ACEs and past-year housing status (housed, family homelessness, unaccompanied homelessness) on overall health and chronic health conditions, controlling for sociodemographic covariates. Results The prevalence of ACEs varied by housing status, with 34.1% of housed youth experiencing ≥1 ACE vs. 56.3% of family-homeless and 85.5% of unaccompanied-homeless youth. Health status varied similarly. Homelessness and ACEs were independently associated with low overall health and chronic health conditions, after adjusting for covariates. Compared to housed youth, both family-homeless youth and unaccompanied-homeless youth had increased odds of low overall health and chronic physical and/or mental health conditions. All ACE x housing-status interactions were significant (all p<0.001), such that ACE-related health risks were moderated by housing status. Conclusions ACEs and housing status independently predict health status during adolescence beyond other sociodemographic risks. Being homeless unaccompanied is also riskier than being homeless with family, and every additional ACE increases this risk. Clinicians and health systems should advocate for policies that include stable housing as a protective factor.

scholarly journals Health and adverse childhood experiences among homeless youth

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Barnes ◽  
Amy L. Gower ◽  
Mollika Sajady ◽  
Katherine A. Lingras
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Homeless Youth ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Housing Status ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Abstract Background Homelessness is associated with health problems and with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). The risk of chronic health conditions for homeless compared to housed youth, and how this risk interacts with ACEs remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between ACEs, housing, and child health, and whether: 1) ACEs and health vary by housing context; 2) ACEs and homelessness confer independent health risks; and 3) ACEs interact with housing with regard to adolescent health. Methods Using data from 119,254 8th–11th graders, we tested independent and joint effects of ACEs and past-year housing status (housed, family homelessness, unaccompanied homelessness) on overall health and chronic health conditions, controlling for sociodemographic covariates. Results The prevalence of ACEs varied by housing status, with 34.1% of housed youth experiencing ≥1 ACE vs. 56.3% of family-homeless and 85.5% of unaccompanied-homeless youth. Health status varied similarly. Homelessness and ACEs were independently associated with low overall health and chronic health conditions, after adjusting for covariates. Compared to housed youth, both family-homeless youth and unaccompanied-homeless youth had increased odds of low overall health and chronic physical and/or mental health conditions. All ACE x housing-status interactions were significant (all p < 0.001), such that ACE-related health risks were moderated by housing status. Conclusions ACEs and housing status independently predict health status during adolescence beyond other sociodemographic risks. Experiencing homelessness, whether unaccomapnied or with family, is associated with increased health risk, and every additional ACE increases this risk. Clinicians and health systems should advocate for policies that include stable housing as a protective factor.

scholarly journals Identifying adverse childhood experiences in pediatrics to prevent chronic health conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Barnes ◽  
Bruno J. Anthony ◽  
Canan Karatekin ◽  
Katherine A. Lingras ◽  
Rebeccah Mercado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and associated health risks and risk behaviors among young women and men in Honduras

2021 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 104993
Author(s):  
Rachel H. Kappel ◽  
Melvin D. Livingston ◽  
Shilpa N. Patel ◽  
Andrés Villaveces ◽  
Greta M. Massetti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

scholarly journals Can Vitamin D Positively Impact COVID-19 Risk and Severity Among Older Adults: A Review of the Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ray Marks
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Health Status ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Background The coronavirus Covid-19 strain that emerged in December 2019, continues to produce a widespread and seemingly intractable negative impact on health and longevity in all parts of the world, especially, among older adults, and those with chronic health conditions. Aim The first aim of this review article was to examine, summarize, synthesize, and report on the research base concerning the possible use of vitamin-D supplementation for reducing both Covid-19 risk and severity, especially among older adults at high risk for Covid-19 infections. A second was to provide directives for researchers or professionals who work or are likely to work in this realm in the future. Methods All English language relevant publications detailing the possible efficacy of vitamin D as an intervention strategy for minimizing Covid-19 infection risk published in 2020 were systematically sought. Key words used were: Vitamin D, Covid-19, and Coronavirus. Databases used were PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. All relevant articles were carefully examined and those meeting the review criteria were carefully read, and described in narrative form. Results Collectively, these data reveal vitamin D is a powerful steroid like compound that is required by the body to help many life affirming physiological functions, including immune processes, but its deficiency may seriously impact the health status and well being of the older adult and others. Since vitamin D is not manufactured by the body directly, ensuring those who are deficient in vitamin D may prove a helpful overall preventive measure as well as a helpful treatment measure among older adults at high risk for severe Covid-19 disease outcomes. Conclusions Older individuals with chronic health conditions, as well as healthy older adults at risk for vitamin D deficiency are likely to benefit physically as well as mentally, from efforts to foster adequate vitamin D levels. Geriatric clinicians can expect this form of intervention to reduce infection severity in the presence of Covid-19 infection, regardless of health status, and subject to careful study, researchers can make a highly notable impact in this regard.

439: Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Health Risks among College Students in China

2005 ◽  
Vol 161 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S110-S110
Author(s):  
D Ye ◽  
M Dong ◽  
J Yao ◽  
Q Wang ◽  
K Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

scholarly journals Health and financial burden of adverse childhood experiences in England and Wales: a combined primary data study of five surveys

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e036374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Hughes ◽  
Kat Ford ◽  
Rajendra Kadel ◽  
Catherine A Sharp ◽  
Mark A Bellis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Financial Costs ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Anxiety Depression

ObjectiveTo estimate the health and financial burden of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in England and Wales.DesignThe study combined data from five randomly stratified cross-sectional ACE studies. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated for major health risks and causes of ill health and applied to disability adjusted life years (DALYs), with financial costs estimated using a modified human capital method.SettingHouseholds in England and Wales.Participants15 285 residents aged 18–69.Outcome measuresThe outcome measures were PAFs for single (1 ACE) and multiple (2–3 and ≥4 ACEs) ACE exposure categories for four health risks (smoking, alcohol use, drug use, high body mass index) and nine causes of ill health (cancer, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, respiratory disease, stroke, violence, anxiety, depression, other mental illness); and annual estimated DALYs and financial costs attributable to ACEs.ResultsCumulative relationships were found between ACEs and risks of all outcomes. For health risks, PAFs for ACEs were highest for drug use (Wales 58.8%, England 52.6%), although ACE-attributable smoking had the highest estimated costs (England and Wales, £7.8 billion). For causes of ill health, PAFs for ACEs were highest for violence (Wales 48.9%, England 43.4%) and mental illness (ranging from 29.1% for anxiety in England to 49.7% for other mental illness in Wales). The greatest ACE-attributable costs were for mental illness (anxiety, depression and other mental illness; England and Wales, £11.2 billion) and cancer (£7.9 billion). Across all outcomes, the total annual ACE-attributable cost was estimated at £42.8 billion. The majority of costs related to exposures to multiple rather than a single ACE (ranging from 71.9% for high body mass index to 98.3% for cancer).ConclusionsACEs impose a substantial societal burden in England and Wales. Policies and practices that prevent ACEs, build resilience and develop trauma-informed services are needed to reduce burden of disease and avoidable service use and financial costs across health and other sectors.

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