scholarly journals Different Stand types Alter Soil Properties and Microbial Community in Warm Temperate Forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ce SHI ◽  
Yi-fan WEI ◽  
Lin ZHU ◽  
Run-zhe ZHANG ◽  
Hao YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Pinus Tabulaeformis ◽  
Juglans Mandshurica ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Warm Temperate Forest ◽  
Warm Temperate

Abstract Soil microorganism play an important role in maintaining the structure and function in warm temperate forest ecosystem. In order to explore the characteristics of soil microbial community under different stand types in in warm temperate zone, Illunima Miseq High-throughput Sequencing was used to assess the soil bacteria (16S rRNA) and fungi (ITS rRNA) communities of five forest stands (Pinus tabulaeformis [PT], Juglans mandshurica [JM], Betula platyphylla [BP], Betula dahurica [BD] and Quercus mongolica [QM]) in Songshan Nature Reserve. The results showed that the bacterial diversity under Juglans mandshurica forest was higher than other types, the fungal diversity under Pinus tabulaeformis forest was higher than other types. The dominant phyla and gene of soil bacteria were similar in different stand types, but there were significant differences in abundance and dominant gene of fungal community. VPA analysis showed that soil explained 49.1% of the variance in bacterial community composition and 70.6% of the variance in fungal community composition. RDA analysis showed that the dominant phyla were significantly correlated with soil pH, SOM, TN and AN. Based on our results, there are significant differences in soil microbial community structure among different stand types. Consequently, our results have important implications for understanding the driving mechanisms that control the soil microbial community during warm temperate forest.

Soil microbial community response to nitrogen and phosphorous fertilization in a temperate forest nursery

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Razaq ◽  
Muhammad Sajjad Haider ◽  
Salah Uddin ◽  
Liu Chunping ◽  
Hai-Long Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Soil Microbial

scholarly journals Transformation of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Rhizoctonia-Suppressive Potential in Response to Apple Roots

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 920-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Mazzola
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Orchard Soil

Changes in the composition of soil microbial communities and relative disease-suppressive ability of resident microflora in response to apple cultivation were assessed in orchard soils from a site possessing trees established for 1 to 5 years. The fungal community from roots of apple seedlings grown in noncultivated orchard soil was dominated by isolates from genera commonly considered saprophytic. Plant-pathogenic fungi in the genera Phytophthora, Pythium, and Rhizoctonia constituted an increasing proportion of the fungal community isolated from seedling roots with increasing orchard block age. Bacillus megaterium and Burkholderia cepacia dominated the bacterial communities recovered from noncultivated soil and the rhizosphere of apple seedlings grown in orchard soil, respectively. Populations of the two bacteria in their respective habitats declined dramatically with increasing orchard block age. Lesion nematode populations did not differ among soil and root samples from orchard blocks of different ages. Similar changes in microbial communities were observed in response to planting noncultivated orchard soil to five successive cycles of ‘Gala’ apple seedlings. Pasteurization of soil had no effect on apple growth in noncultivated soil but significantly enhanced apple growth in third-year orchard block soil. Seedlings grown in pasteurized soil from the third-year orchard block were equal in size to those grown in noncultivated soil, demonstrating that suppression of plant growth resulted from changes in the composition of the soil microbial community. Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 5 (AG 5) had no effect on growth of apple trees in noncultivated soil but significantly reduced the growth of apple trees in soil from third-year orchard soil. Changes in the ability of the resident soil microflora to suppress R. solani AG 5 were associated with reductions in the relative populations of Burkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas putida in the rhizosphere of apple.

scholarly journals Nitrapyrin has far reaching effects on the soil microbial community structure, composition, diversity and functions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Schmidt ◽  
Xiao-Bo Wang ◽  
Paolina Garbeva ◽  
Étienne Yergeau
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizers ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Fungal Community Structure

AbstractNitrapyrin is one of the most common nitrification inhibitors that are used to retain N in the ammonia form in soil to improve crop yields and quality. Whereas the inhibitory effect of nitrapyrin is supposedly specific to ammonia oxidizers, in view of the keystone role of this group in soils, nitrapyrin could have far-reaching impacts. Here, we tested the hypothesis that nitrapyrin leads to large shifts in soil microbial community structure, composition, diversity and functions, beyond its effect on ammonia-oxidizers. To test this hypothesis, we set-up a field experiment where wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. AC Walton) was fertilized with ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and supplemented or not with nitrapyrin. Rhizosphere and bulk soils were sampled twice, DNA was extracted, the 16S rRNA gene and ITS region were amplified and sequenced to follow shifts in archaeal, bacterial and fungal community structure, composition and diversity. To assess microbial functions, several genes involved in the nitrogen cycle were quantified by real-time qPCR and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were trapped in the rhizosphere at the moment of sampling. As expected, sampling date and plant compartment had overwhelming effects on the microbial communities. However, within these strong effects, we found statistically significant effects of nitrapyrin on the relative abundance of Thaumarchaeota, Proteobacteria, Nitrospirae and Basidiomycota, and on several genera. Nitrapyrin also significantly affected bacterial and fungal community structure, and the abundance of all the N-cycle gene tested, but always in interaction with sampling date. In contrast, nitrapyrin had no significant effect on the emission of VOCs, where only sampling date significantly influenced the profiles observed. Our results point out far-reaching effects of nitrapyrin on soil and plant associated microbial communities, well beyond its predicted direct effect on ammonia-oxidizers. In the longer term, these shifts might counteract the positive effect of nitrapyrin on crop nutrition and greenhouse gas emissions.

Effects of anthropogenic degradation of an Andean temperate forest on the soil nutrients and on the diversity and function of the soil microbial community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Atenas ◽  
Felipe Aburto ◽  
Rodrigo Hasbun ◽  
Carolina Merino
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Degraded Grassland

<p>Soil microorganisms are an essential component of forest ecosystems being directly involved in the decomposition of organic matter and the mineralization of nutrients. Anthropogenic disturbances such as logging and livestock modify the structure and composition of forests and also the structure and diversity of soil microbial communities changing critical biogeochemical processes in the soil. In this research we evaluated the effect of anthropic disturbance on the soil in a degradation gradient of Andean temperate forest. This gradient comprises mature forest stands dominated by <em>Nothofagus dombeyii</em>, secondary forests dominated by <em>Nothofagus alpina</em> with medium degradation, a highly degraded forests dominated by <em>Nothofagus obliqua</em> and a highly degraded grassland. We evaluate the reservoir of the main soil nutrients (TC, TN, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) and the structure, diversity and functions of the soil microbial community (bacteria and fungi) via NGS-Illumina sequencing and metagenomic análisis with DADA2 pipeline in R-project. The results show a higher amount of TC, TN, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> and C:N ratio in the most degraded condition (degraded grassland). There are no significant differences in the amount of TC, TN and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> along the forest degradation gradient. This reflects a C:N:P stoichiometry that tends to decrease as forest degradation increases. The soil bacteria community was mainly dominated by Phyla <em>Proteobacteria </em>(45.35%), <em>Acidobacteria </em>(20.73%), <em>Actinobacteria </em>(12.59%) and <em>Bacteroidetes </em>(7.32%). At genus level there are significant differences, <em>Bradyrhizobium </em>has a higher relative abundance in the condition of mature forest which tends to decrease along the gradient of degradation forest. The soil fungi community was dominated by the Phyla <em>Ascomycota </em>(42.11%), <em>Mortierellomycota </em>(28.74%), <em>Basidiomycota </em>(24.61%) and <em>Mucoromycota </em>(2.06%). At genus level the condition of degraded grassland has significantly lower relative abundance of the genera <em>Mortierella </em>and <em>Cortinarius</em>. The degraded grassland soil microbial community is significantly less diverse in terms of bacteria (D' = 0.47±0.04) however it is significantly more diverse in terms of fungi (H' = 5.11±0.33).</p>

scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of Different Forest Management Methods on Soil Microbial Communities of a Natural Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata Forest in Xiaolongshan, China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Wan ◽  
Gongqiao Zhang ◽  
Zhonghua Zhao ◽  
Yanbo Hu ◽  
Wenzhen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soil Microbial

One of the aims of sustainable forest management is to preserve the diversity and resilience of ecosystems. Unfortunately, changes in the soil microbial communities after forest management remain unclear. We analyzed and compared the soil microbial community of a natural Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest after four years of four different management methods using high-throughput sequencing technology. The forest management methods were close-to-nature management (CNFM), structure-based forest management (SBFM), secondary forest comprehensive silviculture (SFCS) and unmanaged control (CK). The results showed that: (1) the soil microbial community diversity indices were not significantly different among the different management methods. (2) The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the SBFM treatment was lower than in the CK treatment, while the relative abundance of Acidobacteria in the SBFM was significantly higher than that in the CK treatment. The relative abundance of Ascomycota was highest in the CNFM treatment, and that of Basidiomycota was lowest in the CNFM treatment. However, the relative abundance of dominant bacterial and fungal phyla was not significantly different in CK and SFCS. (3) Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), and available nitrogen (AN) significantly correlated with the bacterial communities, and the available potassium (AK) was the only soil nutrient, which significantly correlated with the composition of the fungal communities. The short-term SBFM treatment altered microbial bacterial community compositions, which may be attributed to the phyla present (e.g., Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria), and the short-term CNFM treatment altered microbial fungal community compositions, which may be attributed to the phyla present (e.g., Ascomycota and Basidiomycota). Furthermore, soil nutrients could affect the dominant soil microbial communities, and its influence was greater on the bacterial community than on the fungal community.

Changes in soil microbial community structure and function following degradation in a temperate grassland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
Lang Zheng ◽  
Yijun Zhou ◽  
Weiguo Sang ◽  
Jianing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Temperate Grassland ◽  
Grassland Degradation ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Abstract Aims Grassland degradation represents a major challenge in grassland productivity. This process has dramatic impacts on energy flows and soil nutrient dynamics and therefore may directly or indirectly influence soil microbes residing in surface soils. Here we aim to (1) examine changes in soil microbial composition, diversity, and functionality in response to different levels of grassland degradation (i.e., non-degraded, moderately degraded and severely degraded) in a temperate grassland in Inner Mongolia, and (2) elucidate biotic and abiotic factors that are responsible to these changes. Methods The composition structure of soil microbial community was determined by high-throughput sequencing. The functionality of bacterial communities was examined using the tool of FAPROTAX while functional guilds of fungal communities was quantified using the FUNGuild Pipeline. Important Findings Grassland degradation significantly decreased soil bacterial diversity but had no effect on fungal diversity. Belowground biomass, soil organic carbon, and total nitrogen were positively related to changes in diversity of bacterial community. Grassland degradation significantly increased the relative abundance of Chloroflexi (from 2.48% to 8.40%), and decreased Firmicutes (from 3.62% to 1.08%) of bacterial community. Degradation also significantly increased the relative abundance of Glomeromycota (from 0.17% to 1.53%), and decreased Basidiomycota (from 19.30% to 4.83%) of fungal community. The relative abundance of pathogenic fungi (Didymella and Fusarium) decreased significantly in response to degradation. In addition, degradation had a significant impact on putative functionality of soil bacteria related to soil carbon and nitrogen cycling. Our results suggest that soil bacterial community was more sensitive than fungal community in response to degradation in this temperate grassland.

scholarly journals Soil multifunctionality is negatively related to microbial community stochasticity in restored grasslands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongyong Zhang ◽  
Monika Resch ◽  
Martin Schuetz ◽  
Ziyan Liao ◽  
Beat Frey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Grassland Restoration ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Topsoil Removal ◽  
The Relationship

It is generally assumed that there is a relationship between microbial diversity and multiple ecosystem functions. Although it is indisputable that microbial diversity is controlled by stochastic and deterministic ecological assembly processes, the relationship between these processes and soil multifunctionality (SMF) remains less clear. In this study, we examined how different grassland restoration treatments, namely harvest only, topsoil removal and topsoil removal plus propagule addition, affected i) soil bacterial and fungal community stochasticity, ii) SMF, and iii) the relationship between community stochasticity and SMF. Results showed that soil microbial community stochasticity decreased in all the three restoration treatments, while SMF increased. Soil multifunctionality was found to be significantly and negatively correlated with soil microbial community stochasticity. Plant diversity and plant C/N indirectly influenced SMF by regulating the microbial community stochasticity. Our findings provide empirical evidence that when deterministic community assembly processes dominate in soils, then higher microbial functioning is expected.

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