Clinical Features of Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia in Children:a Study Focusing on 514 Cases in China
Abstract Background: Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a refractory and rare disease. Because of its extremely low incidence, little is known about its clinical features. In this retrospective study, the aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with CPT. Methods: This is a retrospective study of children with CPT identified by radiological review. Investigations of CPT included general condition, the characteristics of CPT, treatment methods and surgical complications. Results: We have collected 514 CPTs from 1999 to March 2020 in our hospital, 317 (61.67%) boys, 197 (38.33%) girls; 330 (62.86%) in Crawford IV; 510 (97.14%) in mid and distal 1/3 tibia; 481 (93.58%) in less than 3 years of first appearance of symptom; 297 (57.78%) in less than 3 years of the first visit of outpatient. The most common postoperative complication was ankle valgus (101, 39.60%), followed by limb length discrepancy(91, 35.69%), refracture (38, 14.90%), osteomyelitis (15, 5.88%) and removal of internal fixation (10,3.93%) . Conclusions: CPT with higher incidence of Crawford IV frequently occurs in boys and middle or distal part of the tibia; most patients have the first appearance of symptom and the first visit of outpatient before 3 years; the major surgical complications were ankle valgus and limb length discrepancy.