scholarly journals Submarine Terraces reveal Late Quaternary Tectonic deformation in the Intermediate Zone between the Island Shelf and Rift Zone of the Middle Part of the Nanseishoto Islands, Southwest Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Goto
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Rift Zone ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Tectonic Deformation ◽  
Southwest Japan ◽  
The West ◽  
West Side ◽  
Marine Terraces ◽  
Island Shelf

Abstract Late Quaternary tectonic deformation of coastal areas is usually examined based on the height distribution of paleo-shorelines observed on marine terraces. However, it is difficult to examine deformation along the subduction zone, in which small, isolated islands are distributed. In this paper, the author focuses on the widespread shallow submarine terraces surrounding the Iheya-Izena islands in the middle part of the Nanseishoto islands, Southwest Japan, where crustal deformation is not known. The islands are located in the intermediate zone between island shelf uplifted during the Late Quaternary and the rift zone occurred to the northwest, along the Okinawa trough. Detailed topographic anaglyph images and maps of the islands were produced using a digital elevation model (DEM) of the seafloor, which is stored by the Japan Coast Guard (JCG) and the Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (AIST). Topographic anaglyph images enabled us to identify the widespread distribution and deformation of the shallow seafloor above −200 m using red-cyan glasses. Four terrace-like features divided by small steps were found on the shallow seafloor, which are named T1, T2, T3, and T4, in descending order. Topographic expressions of paleo-shoreline depths are preserved on submarine terraces formed during the last glacial period. The paleo-shoreline depths of terraces T2 and T3 are −60 m and −70 m on the west side and −70 m and −80 m, respectively, on the east side of Iheyajima island; this indicates southeastward tilting. The tilting ratio of T2 and T3 was calculated to approximately 1‰. The tilting rate is approximately 1×10^4/kyr, assuming that the T2 was formed in 10–11 kyr. This is much more rapid than that of the last inter-glacial marine terraces in the Muroto peninsula of Shikoku, Japan, with a tilting rate of 4×10^5/kyr, which formed by steep northward tilting against the Nankai subduction zone. The author suggests that this phenomenon is not related to mega-thrusting along the subduction zone, but rather to local deformation, probably caused by the reverse faulting of nearby active submarine faults along the west side of the islands.

scholarly journals Submarine terraces reveal Late Quaternary tectonic deformation in the intermediate zone between the island shelf and rift zone of the middle part of the Nanseishoto Islands, southwest Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Goto
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Rift Zone ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Tectonic Deformation ◽  
Southwest Japan ◽  
The West ◽  
West Side ◽  
Marine Terraces ◽  
Island Shelf

AbstractLate Quaternary tectonic deformation of coastal areas is usually examined based on the height distribution of paleo-shorelines observed on marine terraces. However, it is difficult to examine deformation along the subduction zone, in which small, isolated islands are distributed. In this paper, the author focuses on the widespread shallow submarine terraces surrounding the Iheya–Izena islands in the middle part of the Nanseishoto Islands, Southwest Japan, where crustal deformation is not known. The islands are located in the intermediate zone between island shelf uplifted during the Late Quaternary and the rift zone occurred to the northwest, along the Okinawa trough. Detailed topographic anaglyph images and maps of the islands were produced using a digital elevation model (DEM) of the seafloor, which is stored by the Japan Coast Guard (JCG) and the Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (AIST). Topographic anaglyph images enabled us to identify the widespread distribution and deformation of the shallow seafloor above − 200 m using red–cyan glasses. Four terrace-like features divided by small steps were found on the shallow seafloor, which are named T1, T2, T3, and T4, in descending order. Topographic expressions of paleo-shoreline depths are preserved on submarine terraces formed during the last glacial period. The paleo-shoreline depths of terraces T2 and T3 are − 60 m and − 70 m on the west side and − 70 m and − 80 m, respectively, on the east side of Iheyajima Island; this indicates southeastward tilting. The tilting ratio of T2 and T3 was calculated to approximately 1‰. The tilting rate is approximately 1 × 10–4/kyr, assuming that the T2 was formed in 10–11 kyr. This is much more rapid than that of the last inter-glacial marine terraces in the Muroto peninsula of Shikoku, Japan, with a tilting rate of 4 × 10–5/kyr, which formed by steep northward tilting against the Nankai subduction zone. The author suggests that this phenomenon is not related to mega-thrusting along the subduction zone, but rather to local deformation, probably caused by the reverse faulting of nearby active submarine faults along the west side of the islands.

scholarly journals Submarine Terraces Reveal Late Quaternary Tectonic Deformation in the Intermediate Zone Between the Island Shelf and Rift Zone of the Middle Part of the Nanseishoto Islands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Goto
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Rift Zone ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Intermediate Zone ◽  
Tectonic Deformation ◽  
The West ◽  
West Side ◽  
Marine Terraces ◽  
Island Shelf

Abstract Late Quaternary tectonic deformation of coastal areas is usually examined based on the height distribution of paleo-shorelines observed on marine terraces. However, it is difficult to examine deformation along the subduction zone, in which small, isolated islands are distributed. In this paper, we focus on the widespread shallow submarine terraces surrounding the Iheya-Izena islands in the middle part of the Nanseishoto islands, where crustal deformation is not known. The islands are located in the intermediate zone between island shelf uplifted during the Late Quaternary and the rift zone occurred to the northwest, along the Okinawa trough.Detailed topographic anaglyph images and maps of the islands were produced using a digital elevation model (DEM) of the seafloor, which is stored by the Japan Coast Gard (JCG) and the Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (AIST). Topographic anaglyph images enabled us to identify the widespread distribution and deformation of the shallow seafloor above −200 m using red-cyan glasses.Four terrace-like features divided by small steps were found on the shallow seafloor, which are named T1, T2, T3, and T4, in descending order. Topographic expressions of paleo-shoreline depths are preserved on submarine terraces formed during the last glacial period. The paleo-shoreline depths of terraces T2 and T3 are −60 m and −70 m on the west side and −70 m and −80 m, respectively, on the east side of Iheyajima island; this indicates southeastward tilting. The tilting ratio of T2 and T3 was calculated to approximately 1‰. The tilting rate is approximately 1×10^4/kyr, assuming that the T2 was formed in 10–11 kyr. This is much more rapid than that of the last inter-glacial marine terraces in the Muroto peninsula, with a tilting rate of 4×10^5/kyr, which formed by steep northward tilting against the Nankai subduction zone. We suggest that this phenomenon is not related to mega-thrusting along the subduction zone, but rather to local deformation, probably caused by the reverse faulting of nearby active submarine faults along the west side of the islands.

scholarly journals Dating and morphostratigraphy of uplifted marine terraces in the Makran subduction zone (Iran)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaël Normand ◽  
Guy Simpson ◽  
Frédéric Herman ◽  
Rabiul Haque Biswas ◽  
Abbas Bahroudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Makran Subduction Zone ◽  
Megathrust Earthquakes ◽  
Surface Uplift ◽  
Marine Terraces ◽  
Uplift Rates ◽  
Tectonically Active ◽  
East West

Abstract. The western part of the Makran subduction zone (Iran) has not experienced a great megathrust earthquake in recent human history, yet, the presence of emerged marine terraces along the coast indicates that the margin has been tectonically active during at least the late Quaternary. To better understand the surface deformation of this region, we mapped the terraces sequences of seven localities along the Iranian Makran. Additionnaly, we performed radiocarbon, 230Th/U and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of the layers of marine sediments deposited on top of the terraces. This enabled us to correlate the terraces regionally and to assign them to different Quaternary sea level highstands. Our results show east-west variations in surface uplift rates mostly between 0.05 and 1.2 mm y−1. We detected a region of anomalously high uplift rate, where two MIS 3 terraces are emerged, yet we are uncertain how to insert these results in a geologically coherent context. Although it is presently not clear whether the uplift of the terraces is linked with the occurrence of large megathrust earthquakes, our results highlight heterogeneous accumulation of deformation in the overriding plate.

The West Crati Fault, Calabria (southern Italy): refined crustal extension rates constrained by geologic and GPS data.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Meschis ◽  
Susanna Zerbini ◽  
Giovanni Lattanzi ◽  
Miriana Di Donato ◽  
Silvia Castellaro
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Crustal Deformation ◽  
Subduction Zones ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The West ◽  
Marine Terraces ◽  
Uplift Rates ◽  
Different Time Scales

<p>Geologic studies of preserved stairs-like uplifted marine terraces and continuous GPS data collected in subduction zones provide a unique opportunity to investigate, on different time scales, crustal deformation resulting from upper‐plate extension. The West Crati Fault in Calabria, southern Italy, is a normal fault located within the seismically extending upper plate above the Ionian subduction zone. It is of interest because a thorough comparison of the extension rates inferred from geologic and GPS data has not yet been performed. This E-dipping fault lies in an area where a few historical damaging earthquakes occurred, examples are those in 1184 (M 6.7) and 1638 (M 6.7). Fault slip-rates and earthquake recurrence intervals for the West Crati fault are still subject of debate. We investigated raised marine terraces along the strike of the fault, on its footwall over its tips, located above the Ionian subduction zone, to derive refined uplift rates and study the role that known extensional faults contribute to observed coastal uplift. We also estimated short-term vertical and horizontal movements on the hangingwall of this fault by analyzing the data of 7 permanent GPS stations located along the N-S oriented strike of this fault.</p><p>Our preliminary results demonstrate that (i) GIS-based elevations of Middle to Late Pleistocene marine terraces, as well as temporally constant uplift rates, vary along the strike of this fault, mapped on its footwall; (ii) rates of short-term vertical movements vary along the strike of this fault on its hangingwall. This confirms active deformation, on different time scales, along the E-dipping West Crati Fault, suggesting that the fault slip-rate governing seismic hazard has also been constant through time. Our preliminary results show the importance of mapping crustal deformation within the upper plate above subduction zones to avoid unreliable interpretations concerning the mechanism responsible for regional uplift.</p>

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