scholarly journals Rare Location and Drainage Pattern of Right Pulmonary Veins and Aberrant Right Upper Lobe Bronchial Branch: a Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuqiang Wang ◽  
Rui Zhao ◽  
Hanlu Zhang ◽  
Yunhai Mo ◽  
Yu Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frozen Section ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Middle Lobe ◽  
Lung Surgery ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Pulmonary Vessels ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Lymph Nodes Dissection

Abstract BackgroundComplex aberration in lung is rare, which may increase risk of vascular injury and cause ligation of wrong pulmonary vein or bronchus by mistake during lung surgery, and result in sever complication like pulmonary congestion or atelectasis. Case presentationIn this case, a 44-year-old female was admitted for ground glass nodule (maximum diameter, 24mm) in right upper lobe. During operation, it was found that extremely rare aberrations of right preeparterial bronchus, right upper lobe vein behind pulmonary artery and right middle lobe vein drained into left atrium occurred in this patient simultaneously. Video-assisted thoracoscopic right upper lobectomy with lymph nodes dissection was performed for adenocarcinoma shown by frozen section. The patient was well recovered and discharged at the postoperative-day 4. Based on the literature review, such complex aberrations of pulmonary vessels and bronchus had seldom been reported before.ConclusionPreoperatively, three-dimensional reconstruction can help to identify inconspicuous variation of pulmonary vessels and bronchus effectively. During lung surgery, if anatomic aberration is suspected, careful dissection of vessels and bronchus will help to confirm whether there is an aberration or not.

scholarly journals Anatomical analysis of the left upper lobe of lung on three-dimensional images with focusing the branching pattern of the subsegmental veins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamami Isaka ◽  
Shota Mitsuboshi ◽  
Hideyuki Maeda ◽  
Takuma Kikkawa ◽  
Kunihiro Oyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Pulmonary Vessels ◽  
Branching Patterns ◽  
Anterior Extension

Abstract Background : Although a clear understanding of the anatomical characteristics of the pulmonary veins (PVs) is essential for the successful performance of segmentectomy and is important to avoid intraoperative pulmonary vessels injury, there is no report showing the relations between the branching patterns of PVs and pulmonary arteries (PAs). Moreover, internationally accepted symbols for describing the PVs remain unavailable. For anatomically assessing the branches and courses of the subsegmental veins in the left upper lobe (LUL), the diverse branching patterns of blood vessels and bronchi should be investigated. Methods : The branching patterns and intersegmental courses of PVs were assessed by performing three-dimensional image analysis of the bronchi, and PAs and PVs in the LUL in 103 patients who were scheduled to receive segmentectomy in LUL from January 2008 through August 2012. Results : Branching types of the bronchus and pulmonary vessels failed to be independent each other. Combinations of anterior extension type of bronchi with the inter-lobar type (IL-type) of arterial branching pattern were often observed, but those with the mediastinal type (M-type) were rarely observed. The combinations of apical vein dominant type with the IL-type of arteries, and intermediate and central vein type with the M-type were often observed. LUL was adjoined by various subsegments, and the intersegmental pulmonary veins showed diverse patterns. Conclusions : This study found the relationship among PA, PV, and bronchus patterns, and in the subsegment where the branching patters were fixed in 103 cases. This study discovered PVs that was difficult to be named by the conventional naming systems because of the diversity of the locations in the subsegment.

scholarly journals Anatomical Analysis of the Left Upper Lobe of Lung on Three-Dimensional Images with Focusing the Branching Pattern of the Subsegmental Veins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamami Isaka ◽  
Shota Mitsuboshi ◽  
Hideyuki Maeda ◽  
Takuma Kikkawa ◽  
Kunihiro Oyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Pulmonary Vessels ◽  
Branching Patterns ◽  
Anterior Extension

Abstract Background: Although a clear understanding of the anatomical characteristics of the pulmonary veins (PVs) is essential for the successful performance of segmentectomy and is important to avoid intraoperative pulmonary vessels injury, there is no report showing the relations between the branching patterns of PVs and pulmonary arteries (PAs). Moreover, internationally accepted symbols for describing the PVs remain unavailable. For anatomically assessing the branches and courses of the subsegmental veins in the left upper lobe (LUL), the diverse branching patterns of blood vessels and bronchi should be investigated. Methods: The branching patterns and intersegmental courses of PVs were assessed by performing three-dimensional image analysis of the bronchi, and PAs and PVs in the LUL in 103 patients who were scheduled to receive segmentectomy in LUL from January 2008 through August 2012. Results: Branching types of the bronchus and pulmonary vessels failed to be independent each other. Combinations of anterior extension type of bronchi with the inter-lobar type (IL-type) of arterial branching pattern were often observed, but those with the mediastinal type (M-type) were rarely observed. The combinations of apical vein dominant type with the IL-type of arteries, and intermediate and central vein type with the M-type were often observed. LUL was adjoined by various subsegments, and the intersegmental pulmonary veins showed diverse patterns. Conclusions: This study found the relationship among PA, PV, and bronchus patterns, and in the subsegment where the branching patters were fixed in 103 cases. This study discovered PVs that was difficult to be named by the conventional naming systems because of the diversity of the locations in the subsegment.

Three‐Dimensional Reconstruction of Pulmonary Veins in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Controls:

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (1p1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEJANDRO PEREZ‐LUGONES ◽  
PAULO R. SCHVARTZMAN ◽  
ROBERT SCHWEIKERT ◽  
PATRICK J. TCHOU ◽  
WALID SALIBA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

scholarly journals Anatomical analysis of the left upper lobe of lung on three-dimensional images with focusing the branching pattern of the subsegmental veins

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamami Isaka ◽  
Shota Mitsuboshi ◽  
Hideyuki Maeda ◽  
Takuma Kikkawa ◽  
Kunihiro Oyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Pulmonary Vessels ◽  
Branching Patterns ◽  
Anterior Extension

Abstract Background A clear understanding of the anatomical characteristics of the pulmonary veins (PVs) is essential for the successful performance of segmentectomy and important to avoid intraoperative pulmonary vessels injury. However, there is no report showing the relations between the branching patterns of PVs and pulmonary arteries (PAs). Moreover, internationally accepted symbols for describing PVs remain unavailable. For anatomically assessing the branches and courses of the subsegmental veins in the left upper lobe (LUL), the diverse branching patterns of blood vessels and bronchi should be investigated. Methods The branching patterns and intersegmental courses of PVs were assessed by performing three-dimensional image analysis of the bronchi, and PAs and PVs in the LUL in 103 patients who were scheduled to receive segmentectomy in LUL from January 2008 through August 2012. Results Branching types of the bronchi and pulmonary vessels failed to be independent each other. Although the combinations of anterior extension type of bronchus with the inter-lobar type (IL-type) of arterial branching pattern were often observed, but those with the mediastinal type (M-type) were rarely observed. The combinations of apical vein dominant type with the IL-type of arteries, and intermediate and central vein types with the M-type were often observed. Since LUL was adjoined by various subsegments, and the intersegmental pulmonary veins showed diverse patterns. Conclusions This study found the relationship among PA, PV, and bronchus patterns, in the subsegment where the branching patterns were fixed in 103 cases. This study discovered PVs that was difficult to be named by the conventional naming systems because of the diversity of the locations in the subsegment.

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Using Stereo Pairs from Serial Thick Sections

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 562-563
Author(s):  
Robert Glaeser ◽  
Thomas Bauer ◽  
David Grano
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Stereo Imagery ◽  
Whole Mounts

In transmission electron microscopy, the 3-dimensional structure of an object is usually obtained in one of two ways. For objects which can be included in one specimen, as for example with elements included in freeze- dried whole mounts and examined with a high voltage microscope, stereo pairs can be obtained which exhibit the 3-D structure of the element. For objects which can not be included in one specimen, the 3-D shape is obtained by reconstruction from serial sections. However, without stereo imagery, only detail which remains constant within the thickness of the section can be used in the reconstruction; consequently, the choice is between a low resolution reconstruction using a few thick sections and a better resolution reconstruction using many thin sections, generally a tedious chore. This paper describes an approach to 3-D reconstruction which uses stereo images of serial thick sections to reconstruct an object including detail which changes within the depth of an individual thick section.

3-D reconstruction of molecular shape from microcrystal thin sections

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 748-749
Author(s):  
S. Cusack ◽  
J.-C. Jésior
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Molecular Shape ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
Fourier Space ◽  
Single Particles ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

Three-dimensional reconstruction techniques using electron microscopy have been principally developed for application to 2-D arrays (i.e. monolayers) of biological molecules and symmetrical single particles (e.g. helical viruses). However many biological molecules that crystallise form multilayered microcrystals which are unsuitable for study by either the standard methods of 3-D reconstruction or, because of their size, by X-ray crystallography. The grid sectioning technique enables a number of different projections of such microcrystals to be obtained in well defined directions (e.g. parallel to crystal axes) and poses the problem of how best these projections can be used to reconstruct the packing and shape of the molecules forming the microcrystal.Given sufficient projections there may be enough information to do a crystallographic reconstruction in Fourier space. We however have considered the situation where only a limited number of projections are available, as for example in the case of catalase platelets where three orthogonal and two diagonal projections have been obtained (Fig. 1).

Computer Assisted Image Reconstruction of Oligomer Structure

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
A.M. Jones ◽  
A. Max Fiskin
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Projection Data ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Single Particles ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Computer Assisted Image ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Space Approach

If the tilt of a specimen can be varied either by the strategy of observing identical particles orientated randomly or by use of a eucentric goniometer stage, three dimensional reconstruction procedures are available (l). If the specimens, such as small protein aggregates, lack periodicity, direct space methods compete favorably in ease of implementation with reconstruction by the Fourier (transform) space approach (2). Regardless of method, reconstruction is possible because useful specimen thicknesses are always much less than the depth of field in an electron microscope. Thus electron images record the amount of stain in columns of the object normal to the recording plates. For single particles, practical considerations dictate that the specimen be tilted precisely about a single axis. In so doing a reconstructed image is achieved serially from two-dimensional sections which in turn are generated by a series of back-to-front lines of projection data.

Computer-aided methods for 3-D visualization of serial sections and thick biological specimens

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1060-1061
Author(s):  
Mark Ellisman ◽  
Maryann Martone ◽  
Gabriel Soto ◽  
Eleizer Masliah ◽  
David Hessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Neuritic Plaque ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Molecular Physiology ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

Structurally-oriented biologists examine cells, tissues, organelles and macromolecules in order to gain insight into cellular and molecular physiology by relating structure to function. The understanding of these structures can be greatly enhanced by the use of techniques for the visualization and quantitative analysis of three-dimensional structure. Three projects from current research activities will be presented in order to illustrate both the present capabilities of computer aided techniques as well as their limitations and future possibilities.The first project concerns the three-dimensional reconstruction of the neuritic plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. We have developed a software package “Synu” for investigation of 3D data sets which has been used in conjunction with laser confocal light microscopy to study the structure of the neuritic plaque. Tissue sections of autopsy samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease were double-labeled for tau, a cytoskeletal marker for abnormal neurites, and synaptophysin, a marker of presynaptic terminals.

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