Pregnancy Complicated With Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Preterm Birth: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuisen Zheng ◽  
Huale Zhang ◽  
Rongxin Chen ◽  
Jianying Yan ◽  
Qing Han
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Logistics Regression ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background: We aimed to investigate whether maternal chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects preterm birth（PTB) in pregnant women. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed HBV-infected and non-infected pregnant women attending antenatal care at Fujian Provincial Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China between January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. Participants were divided into HBV infection (n = 1302) and control (n = 12813) groups. We compared baseline data, pregnancy and perinatal complications, and preterm delivery outcomes between groups and performed subgroup comparisons and multiple logistics regression analysis to adjust for confounding factors. Results: The incidence of PTBs before 37 weeks was similar between the groups. PTBs before 34 weeks were significantly more among the HBV infection group than among the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8% ; P = 0.003) After adjusting for confounding factors through logistics regression, HBV infection was found to be an independent PTB risk factor before 34 weeks gestation (adjusted odds ratio 1.796; 95% confidence interval[1.071, 3.012]). According to the subgroup analysis based on whether hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) was positive and whether alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were normal during the second trimester, PTB was more frequent in HBeAg negative HBV infection before 34 weeks than among controls(1.8% VS. 0.8%). The PTB rate for pregnant women with normal ALT and HBV infection before 34 weeks was higher than that of the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8%) Conclusion HBV infection is an independent risk factor for PTB before 34 weeks. Comprehensive programs focusing on pregnant women with HBV infection would reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals Pregnancy complicated with hepatitis B virus infection and preterm birth: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuisen Zheng ◽  
Huale Zhang ◽  
Rongxing Chen ◽  
Jianying Yan ◽  
Qing Han
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Logistics Regression ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background We aimed to investigate whether maternal chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects preterm birth (PTB) in pregnant women. Methods We retrospectively analyzed HBV-infected and non-infected pregnant women attending antenatal care at Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China between January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. Participants were divided into HBV infection (n = 1302) and control (n = 12,813) groups. We compared baseline data, pregnancy and perinatal complications, and preterm delivery outcomes between groups. Performed multiple logistics regression analysis to adjust for confounding factors. Finally, we compared early PTB outcome between different HBV DNA level groups. Results The incidence of preterm birth (gestation less than 37 weeks) was similar between the groups, early preterm birth (gestation less than 34 weeks) were significantly more among the HBV infection group than among the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8%; P = 0.003). After adjusting for confounding factors through logistics regression, HBV infection was found to be an independent early PTB risk factor gestation (adjusted odds ratio 1.770; 95% confidence interval [1.046–2.997]). The incidence of early PTB in < 500 group, 500 ~ 2.0 × 10e5 group and > 2.0 × 10e5 group was not statistically significant (P = 0.417). Conclusion HBV infection is an independent risk factor for early PTB, and the risk did not seem to be influenced by the levels of HBV DNA. Comprehensive programs focusing on pregnant women with HBV infection would reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes.

Association of chronic hepatitis B virus infection with preterm birth: our experience and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Min Cui ◽  
Jian-Guo Shao ◽  
Hai-Bo Li ◽  
Yi Shen ◽  
Zhi-Xian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

AbstractObjectives:To assess the association of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with preterm birth (PTB).Methods:A cohort of 20,498 pregnant women (497 HBV carriers with 20,001 non-HBV controls) with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels was selected from the Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Nantong University. The clinical parameters and PTB incidence were compared between HBV carriers and non-HBV subjects. For the meta-analysis, we searched the PubMed, Ovid and Cochrane Library databases for studies comparing PTB incidence between individuals with chronic HBV infection and non-HBV subjects.Results:HBV carriers were slightly older and had slightly higher ALT levels within normal limits. The body mass index, education and history of pregnancy between HBV carrier and non-HBV groups were comparable. PTB incidence was not associated with HBV carrier status [relative risk (RR) 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71–1.37] in our cohort. However, the meta-analysis involving eight published studies and our study revealed a significant association between chronic HBV infection and PTB incidence (pooled RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.19–1.33).Conclusion:While maternal HBV carriers did not have a higher incidence of PTB in our cohort, the meta-analysis indicates that individuals with chronic HBV infection appeared to be at risk of PTB as a whole.

scholarly journals Antiviral Treatment among Hepatitis B Virus-Infected Pregnant Women—New York City and Michigan, 2013–2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S41-S41
Author(s):  
Ruth Link-Gelles ◽  
Alaya Koneru ◽  
Julie Lazaroff ◽  
Patrick Fineis ◽  
Noele Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Maternal Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hbv Transmission

Abstract Background Individuals with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are at increased risk for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Chronic HBV infection develops in 90% of persons infected at birth. Although postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), consisting of hepatitis B vaccine and immune globulin at birth, and completion of the three-dose vaccine series prevents up to 95% of perinatal HBV infections; however, breakthrough infections can occur, especially among infants born to women with high viral loads (VLs). Maternal antiviral treatment during pregnancy can reduce perinatal HBV transmission by 70% above the effect of infant PEP alone. We assessed factors associated with maternal antiviral treatment in a cohort of HBV-infected pregnant women with high VL. Methods During 2013–2015, the CDC-funded Supplemental Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program collected information from interviews and medical charts of HBV-infected pregnant women in two sites. We assessed the association of demographic and clinical factors with maternal treatment in women with high VL (&gt;200,000 IU/mL), considering statistical significance at P &lt; 0.05. Results Among 1,521 women with maternal treatment and VL data, 151 (10%) had high VL. Among these 151 women, 66 (44%) received antiviral treatment (Table), all of whom were of Asian/Pacific Island race. None of the seven women of other races were treated (P = 0.02). Fifty-nine women (48%) receiving Medicaid were treated compared with six women (24%) who had private insurance (P = 0.04). Conclusion Mother’s race, country of birth, and insurance status were significantly associated with treatment in women with high VL. Because most women with high VL did not receive antiviral treatment during pregnancy, opportunities to reduce perinatal HBV transmission exist. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

High prevalence of occult hepatitis C virus infection in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1235-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Castillo ◽  
Javier Bartolomé ◽  
Juan Antonio Quiroga ◽  
Vicente Carreño
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the absence of detectable antibodies against HCV and of viral RNA in serum is called occult HCV infection. Its prevalence and clinical significance in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is unknown. HCV RNA was tested for in the liver samples of 52 patients with chronic HBV infection and 21 (40 %) of them were positive for viral RNA (occult HCV infection). Liver fibrosis was found more frequently and the fibrosis score was significantly higher in patients with occult HCV than in negative ones, suggesting that occult HCV infection may have an impact on the clinical course of HBV infection.

scholarly journals Creation of a Six-fingered Artificial Transcription Factor That Represses the Hepatitis B Virus HBx Gene Integrated into a Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghui Zhao ◽  
Zhanzhong Zhao ◽  
Junwei Guo ◽  
Peitang Huang ◽  
Xudong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Artificial Transcription Factor ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an independent risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The HBV HBx gene is frequently identified as an integrant in the chromosomal DNA of patients with HCC. HBx encodes the X protein (HBx), a putative viral oncoprotein that affects transcriptional regulation of several cellular genes. Therefore, HBx may be an ideal target to impede the progression of HBV infection–related HCC. In this study, integrated HBx was transcriptionally downregulated using an artificial transcription factor (ATF). Two three-fingered Cys2-His2 zinc finger (ZF) motifs that specifically recognized two 9-bp DNA sequences regulating HBx expression were identified from a phage-display library. The ZF domains were linked into a six-fingered protein that specified an 18-bp DNA target in the Enhancer I region upstream of HBx. This DNA-binding domain was fused with a Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) transcriptional repression domain to produce an ATF designed to downregulate HBx integrated into the Hep3B HCC cell line. The ATF significantly repressed HBx in a luciferase reporter assay. Stably expressing the ATF in Hep3B cells resulted in significant growth arrest, whereas stably expressing the ATF in an HCC cell line lacking integrated HBx (HepG2) had virtually no effect. The targeted downregulation of integrated HBx is a promising novel approach to inhibiting the progression of HBV infection–related HCC.

Discovery of novel hepatitis B virus (HBV) antivirals and analysis of mechanisms of action of HBV-targeting agents

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Andrew Douglas Huber
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Viral Inhibition ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Globally, an estimated 50% of all hepatocellular carcinoma cases are linked to chronic HBV infection. More than 240 million people are chronically infected, and there are 0.5-1 million deaths per year due to HBVrelated liver conditions. HBV treatment options rarely cure infections and are associated with adverse side effects that often outweigh the potential benefits of treatment. New treatments, therefore, are highly desired for HBV therapy. Towards this goal, we have developed novel compounds targeting two viral targets and assessed the mechanisms of action by which these compounds act. We have developed systems for the discovery and evaluation of compounds that inhibit 2 distinct steps in the HBV life cycle. Using these systems, we have developed potent inhibitors of HBV replication that have potential to become clinically used HBV drugs. Furthermore, we have used our methods to evaluate which properties of these compounds are likely to result in better viral inhibition. The work described in this thesis has led to at least 2 new compound groups for potential use as HBV antivirals and provides insight into mechanisms by which potent antivirals can be achieved.

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