scholarly journals Trace Metals Content in Annually-Banded Scleractinian Coral ‘Porites Lobata’ Across the Northern Persian Gulf

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Bolouki Kourandeh ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Bagher Nabavi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Shokri ◽  
Kamal Ghanemi ◽  
Yuexing Feng
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Scleractinian Coral ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Porites Lobata ◽  
Precipitation Changes

Abstract Concentration of trace metals in skeleton growth bands of dominant scleractinian coral ‘Porites lobata’ were investigated in Kharg and Hebourabi islands across the northern Persian Gulf. The highest average concentration of elements were as Sr> Mg> Zn> Ba> Cu> U> Ni> Mn> Cr> Co> Pb> V> Cd in Kharg Island respectively and as Sr> Mg> Ba> Cu> U> Ni> Zn> Mn> Cr> Co> V> Pb> Cd in Hendourabi Island. Except for Cr, the concentrations of other trace metals in Kharg Island were higher than those of Hendourabi Island. The coefficient of variation percentage (CV%) for Cr, Mn, Zn, Ba and Pb in Kharg Island and for Cu and Ba in Hendourabi Island was more than 50%. Results of PCA analyses revealed that the trace metals Kharg Island was defined by three principal components including the first component (Mn, V, Pb, Zn, Ni and half of Mg, Cr and Co) corresponding to the past regional military conflicts and oil pollution, second component (Sr, U and Mg) corresponding to SST changes, and the third component (Cr and Co) corresponding to other factors. Results of PCA analyses revealed that trace metals in Hendourabi Island was defined by two principal components including first component (Co, Ni, Cr, Mn and half of Ba) corresponding to annual precipitation changes and the second component (U, Zn and Ba) corresponding to coastal constructions.

Trace metal content in annually banded scleractinian coral ‘Porites lobata’ across the northern Persian Gulf

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Bolouki Kourandeh ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Bagher Nabavi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Shokri ◽  
Kamal Ghanemi ◽  
Yuexing Feng
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Scleractinian Coral ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Trace Metal Content ◽  
Porites Lobata

scholarly journals Spatial distribution and potential ecological risk assessment of some trace elements in sediments and grey mangrove (Avicennia marina) along the Arabian Gulf coast, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-96
Author(s):  
Hameed Alsamadany ◽  
Hassan S. Al-Zahrani ◽  
El-Metwally M. Selim ◽  
Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Grey Mangrove

AbstractTo assess trace element concentrations (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd and Ni) in the mangrove swamps along the Saudi coast of the Arabian Gulf, thirteen samples of surface sediment and leaves of grey mangrove, Avicennia marina were collected and analyzed. The detected trace element contents (μg g-1) in surface sediments were in the following descending order according to their mean values; Cr (49.18) > Zn (48.48) > Cu (43.06) > Pb (26.61) > Ni (22.88) > Cd (3.21). The results showed that the average concentrations of Cd and Pb exceeded their world average concentration of shale. The geo-accumulation, potential ecological risk and toxicity response indices demonstrated that trace elements have posed a considerable ecological risk, especially Cd. The inter-relationships between physico-chemical characters and trace elements suggests that grained particles of mud represent a noteworthy character in the distribution of trace elements compared to organic materials. Moreover, the results revealed that Zn was clearly bioaccumulated in leaf tissues A. marina. Dredging, landfilling, sewage effluents and oil pollution can be the paramount sources of pollution in the area under investigation.

scholarly journals Denitrifying pathways dominate nitrous oxide emissions from managed grassland during drought and rewetting

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. eabb7118
Author(s):  
E. Harris ◽  
E. Diaz-Pines ◽  
E. Stoll ◽  
M. Schloter ◽  
S. Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Past ◽  
Precipitation Changes ◽  
Isotopic Measurements

Nitrous oxide is a powerful greenhouse gas whose atmospheric growth rate has accelerated over the past decade. Most anthropogenic N2O emissions result from soil N fertilization, which is converted to N2O via oxic nitrification and anoxic denitrification pathways. Drought-affected soils are expected to be well oxygenated; however, using high-resolution isotopic measurements, we found that denitrifying pathways dominated N2O emissions during a severe drought applied to managed grassland. This was due to a reversible, drought-induced enrichment in nitrogen-bearing organic matter on soil microaggregates and suggested a strong role for chemo- or codenitrification. Throughout rewetting, denitrification dominated emissions, despite high variability in fluxes. Total N2O flux and denitrification contribution were significantly higher during rewetting than for control plots at the same soil moisture range. The observed feedbacks between precipitation changes induced by climate change and N2O emission pathways are sufficient to account for the accelerating N2O growth rate observed over the past decade.

scholarly journals Millennial-scale precipitation changes in southern Brazil over the past 90,000 years

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (23) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianfeng Wang ◽  
Augusto S. Auler ◽  
R. L. Edwards ◽  
Hai Cheng ◽  
Emi Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Brazil ◽  
The Past ◽  
Precipitation Changes ◽  
Millennial Scale

scholarly journals The Past and Present Impact of Oil Pollution on Seabird Mortality World-wide.

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nariko Oka ◽  
Akinori Takahashi ◽  
Kohji Ishikawa ◽  
Yutaka Watanuki
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
The Past

scholarly journals Sensitivity of atmospheric aerosol scavenging to precipitation intensity and frequency in the context of global climate change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Hou ◽  
Shiliang Wu ◽  
Jessica L. McCarty
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Precipitation Intensity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Precipitation Changes

Abstract. Wet deposition driven by precipitation is an important sink for atmospheric aerosols and soluble gases. We investigate the sensitivity of atmospheric aerosol lifetimes to precipitation intensity and frequency in the context of global climate change. Our study, based on the GEOS-Chem model simulation, shows that the removal efficiency and hence the atmospheric lifetime of aerosols have significantly higher sensitivities to precipitation frequencies than to precipitation intensities, indicating that the same amount of precipitation may lead to different removal efficiencies of atmospheric aerosols. Combining the long-term trends of precipitation patterns for various regions with the sensitivities of atmospheric aerosols lifetimes to various precipitation characteristics allows us to examine the potential impacts of precipitation changes on atmospheric aerosols. Analyses based on an observational dataset show that precipitation frequency in some regions have decreased in the past 14 years, which might increase the atmospheric aerosol lifetimes in those regions. Similar analyses based on multiple reanalysis meteorological datasets indicate that the precipitation changes over the past 30 years can lead to perturbations in the atmospheric aerosol lifetimes by 10 % or higher at the regional scale.

China, Global Energy, and the Middle East

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve A. Yetiv ◽  
Chunlong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Arms Sales ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Economic Ties

China has significantly enhanced its position and interest in the Persian Gulf region over the past 25 years, making it an important newcomer in regional dynamics. Evidence clearly shows that it has expanded, in some cases dramatically, its diplomatic contacts, economic ties, and arms sales to regional states. This represents a novel development which is likely to accelerate in the future as China's dependence on Persian Gulf oil grows. China's rising position in the region has put Beijing and Washington at odds and could generate serious friction points in the future. Policy recommendations are sketched to avoid such an outcome.

scholarly journals Trace metals level in sediments and bivalve Trachycardium lacunosum shell in the Persian Gulf

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dehghani ◽  
I. Nabipour ◽  
S. Dobaradaran ◽  
H. Godarzi
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
The Persian Gulf
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