scholarly journals Intensifying the synthesis of starch nanoparticles using ultrasound-assisted acid hydrolysis method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas S Hakke ◽  
Shirish Sonawane ◽  
Sivakumar Manickam ◽  
Sami Boufi ◽  
Dipak V Pinjari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Ultrasound Irradiation ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Surface Charges ◽  
Hydrolysis Method ◽  
Starch Nanoparticles ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Time Required

Abstract In the present study, an intensified approach for the synthesis of starch nanoparticles (SNPs) was demonstrated by using ultrasound-assisted acid hydrolysis method. The conventional acid hydrolysis for the synthesis of SNPs was intensified using ultrasound. The overall time required to convert starch granules to SNPs in the conventional acid hydrolysis method (48 h) was significantly reduced to 45 min by simultaneous acid hydrolysis and ultrasound irradiation. The acid concentration was found to be an important parameter for obtaining the desired size and morphology of the synthesized SNPs. The variation in the surface charges associated with the SNPs was confirmed through measuring their zeta potential. These potential charges on the surface of SNPs induce crystal growth among the synthesized nanoparticles. The irregular crystal morphology at higher acid concentration clearly shows SNPs' attachment with each other by coalescence. The higher crystallinity for SNPs was observed at low acid concentration; however, the lower acid concentration (0.5 M) leads to the smaller particle size of SNPs from 40 to 60 nm, with the overall yield of 23%. The proposed ultrasound method is more efficient and reproducible for the synthesis of SNPs for various applications.

Rapid Method for Separation of Extraneous Materials from Whole and Degerminated Corn Meal, Prepared Mustard, and Soy Flour

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-509
Author(s):  
Mary T Miller
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Rapid Method ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Soy Flour ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Hydrolysis Method ◽  
Separatory Funnel ◽  
Time Required

Abstract A rapid method, based on acid hydrolysis in the presence of mineral oil, has been developed to separate extraneous materials from whole and degerminated corn meal, prepared mustard, and soy flour. Corn meal may be first examined for rodent excreta by method 36.032 and then examined for light filth, or it may be analyzed directly for light filth by the acid hydrolysis method. Soy flour is prepared for analysis by solubilizing the protein in dilute sodium chloride solution in the presence of mineral oil. The Kilborn separatory funnel is used with all 3 products. The proposed method improves recoveries of insect fragments by 13—34% and rodent hair recoveries hy 25—54%. Analyst time required for actual assay is reduced by at least onethird. The method will be subjected to collaborative study

Ultrasound-assisted weak-acid hydrolysis of crystalline starch nanoparticles for chemical enhanced oil recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 1251-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustine Agi ◽  
Radzuan Junin ◽  
Agus Arsad ◽  
Azza Abbas ◽  
Afeez Gbadamosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Starch Nanoparticles ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Understanding Starch Structure: Recent Progress

Agronomy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Bertoft
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Starch Structure ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Amylopectin Structure

Starch is a major food supply for humanity. It is produced in seeds, rhizomes, roots and tubers in the form of semi-crystalline granules with unique properties for each plant. Though the size and morphology of the granules is specific for each plant species, their internal structures have remarkably similar architecture, consisting of growth rings, blocklets, and crystalline and amorphous lamellae. The basic components of starch granules are two polyglucans, namely amylose and amylopectin. The molecular structure of amylose is comparatively simple as it consists of glucose residues connected through α-(1,4)-linkages to long chains with a few α-(1,6)-branches. Amylopectin, which is the major component, has the same basic structure, but it has considerably shorter chains and a lot of α-(1,6)-branches. This results in a very complex, three-dimensional structure, the nature of which remains uncertain. Several models of the amylopectin structure have been suggested through the years, and in this review two models are described, namely the “cluster model” and the “building block backbone model”. The structure of the starch granules is discussed in light of both models.

Size and morphology of scorodite particles synthesized using ultrasound irradiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (7S) ◽  
pp. 07KE05 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuya Kitamura ◽  
Hirokazu Okawa ◽  
Takahiro Kato ◽  
Katsuyasu Sugawara
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Irradiation ◽  
Size And Morphology

scholarly journals Starch Granule Size and Morphology of Arabidopsis thaliana Starch-Related Mutants Analyzed during Diurnal Rhythm and Development

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5859
Author(s):  
Qingting Liu ◽  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
Joerg Fettke
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Starch Granule ◽  
Granule Size ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Transitory Starch ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Safranin O

Transitory starch plays a central role in the life cycle of plants. Many aspects of this important metabolism remain unknown; however, starch granules provide insight into this persistent metabolic process. Therefore, monitoring alterations in starch granules with high temporal resolution provides one significant avenue to improve understanding. Here, a previously established method that combines LCSM and safranin-O staining for in vivo imaging of transitory starch granules in leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana was employed to demonstrate, for the first time, the alterations in starch granule size and morphology that occur both throughout the day and during leaf aging. Several starch-related mutants were included, which revealed differences among the generated granules. In ptst2 and sex1-8, the starch granules in old leaves were much larger than those in young leaves; however, the typical flattened discoid morphology was maintained. In ss4 and dpe2/phs1/ss4, the morphology of starch granules in young leaves was altered, with a more rounded shape observed. With leaf development, the starch granules became spherical exclusively in dpe2/phs1/ss4. Thus, the presented data provide new insights to contribute to the understanding of starch granule morphogenesis.

Platelet Nanocrystals Resulting from the Disruption of Waxy Maize Starch Granules by Acid Hydrolysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1198-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Putaux ◽  
Sonia Molina-Boisseau ◽  
Thomas Momaur ◽  
Alain Dufresne
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Waxy Maize

Optimization study on acid hydrolysis of hardwood-derived hemicellulosic extract for alcohol fermentation using response surface methodology

Holzforschung ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Jik Park ◽  
Byung Hwan Um
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Fermentable Sugar ◽  
Alcohol Fermentation ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Green Liquor ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Hemicellulosic Sugars

AbstractIn this study, the extraction conditions of hemicelluloses from mixed hardwoods have been tested. In particular, 3% total titrated alkaline (TTA) green liquor (GL) was used to dissolve certain hemicelluloses and lignin in a manner similar to black liquor extraction, but the pH was maintained at near-neutral conditions, so that oligosaccharides were not completely degraded into isosaccharinic acids. The effects of temperature, time, and acid concentration on the fermentable sugar yields for the extract during secondary hydrolysis were investigated. Chips of mixed northern hardwoods were cooked in a rocking digester at 160°C for 110 min in the GL at a concentration of 3% Na2O-equivalent salts on dry wood. The mass of wood extracted into the GL extract was approximately 11.4% of the debarked wood mass, which resulted in a dilute solution of oligomeric hemicellulosic sugars. Dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis was performed under the following conditions: 100°C–130°C, 2%–4% H2SO4, and 20–120 min residence time. The maximum fermentable sugar concentration of xylose, mannose, and galactose (XyMaGa) obtained from the hydrolyzed extract was 5.5 g l-1, representing 91.7% of the maximum possible yield. A factorial design was used to study the effects of temperature and acid concentration on the maximum quantity of XyMaGa oligomers obtained in the extract during secondary hydrolysis. The maximum potential yield of XyMaGa reached 5.34 g l-1at 130°C, 3.27% H2SO4, and 50.2 min residence time.

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