scholarly journals Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Transmission and Hospital-Acquired Bacteremia in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Greece

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANASTASSIOS GEORGE DOUDOULAKAKIS ◽  
Iris Spiliopoulou ◽  
Nikolaos Giormezis ◽  
Garyfallia Syridou ◽  
Angeliki Nika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract The epidemiology of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) colonization and infections in a 30-bed, level III university-affiliated neonatal intensive care unit was retrospectively investigated (2014-2018). Virulence, resistance genes and clonality of 46 isolates were determined by PCRs and MLST. Of 1538 neonates, 77 (5%) had a positive culture for MRSA; four bacteremias occured. One major clone was identified, ST225 (23/40, 58%), imported from the same maternity hospital. Another clone, ST217, was predominant (4/6) among colonized health care workers. Four isolates classified as ST80 were PVL-positive, four tst-positive, and two etb-positive. Strengthening of infection control measures with emphasis on hand hygiene was applied.

Impact of decolonization on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus transmission and infection in a neonatal intensive care unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1123-1127
Author(s):  
Michael J. Bozzella ◽  
Lamia Soghier ◽  
Tracie Harris ◽  
Lisa Zell ◽  
Billie Lou Short ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Acquisition Rate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Intranasal Mupirocin ◽  
Hospital Acquired

AbstractBackground:The value of decolonization as a strategy for preventing methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) remains to be determined.Objective:After adding decolonization to further reduce MRSA transmission in our NICU, we conducted this retrospective review to evaluate its effectiveness.Method:The review included patients who were admitted to our NICU between April 2015 and June 2018 and were eligible for decolonization including twice daily intranasal mupirocin and daily chlorhexidine gluconate bathing over 5 consecutive days. Patients were considered successfully decolonized if 3 subsequent MRSA screenings conducted at 1-week intervals were negative. The MRSA acquisition rate (AR) was calculated as hospital-acquired (HA) MRSA per 1,000 patient days (PD) and was used to measure the effectiveness of the decolonization.Results:Of the 151 MRSA patients being reviewed, 78 (51.6%) were HA-MRSA, resulting in an overall AR of 1.27 per 1,000 PD. Between April 2015 and February 2016, when only the decolonization was added, the AR was 2.38 per 1,000 PD. Between March 2016 and June 2018 after unit added a technician dedicated to the cleaning of reusable equipment, the AR decreased significantly to 0.92 per 1,000 PD (P < .05). Of the 78 patients who were started on the decolonization, 49 (62.8%) completed the protocol, 11 (14.1%) remained colonized, and 13 (16.7%) were recolonized prior to NICU discharge.Conclusion:In a NICU with comprehensive MRSA prevention measures in place, enhancing the cleaning of reusable equipment, not decolonization, led to significant reduction of MRSA transmission.

Nosocomial Ringworm in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Nurse and Her Cat

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 605-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis M. Drusin ◽  
Barbara G. Ross ◽  
Karen Helton Rhodes ◽  
Alfred N. Krauss ◽  
Rachelle A. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Professional Collaboration ◽  
Infection Control Measures

AbstractAn outbreak of nosocomial ringworm involved five infants in a neonatal intensive care unit. The index case was a nurse infected with Microsporum canis by her cat. After standard infection control measures were initiated, the outbreak was resolved successfully by an interdisciplinary professional collaboration of physician and veterinary dermatologists and infection control personnel.

scholarly journals Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) Newborn Colonization in a Portuguese Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU): Epidemiology and Infection Prevention and Control Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-417
Author(s):  
Teresa L. Almeida ◽  
Tânia Mendo ◽  
Raquel Costa ◽  
Cristina Novais ◽  
Mónica Marçal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Gut Colonization

Infections due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are increasing worldwide and are especially concerning in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Risk factors for CPE gut colonization in neonates need to be clarified. In this work, we describe the epidemiological and clinical features of CPE-colonized newborns and the infection control measures in a Portuguese NICU. We performed a prospective, observational, longitudinal, cohort study for surveillance of CPE colonization. Maternal and neonatal features of colonized newborns and surveillance strategy were described. A statistical analysis was performed with SPSS23.0, and significance was indicated by p-value ≤ 0.05. Between March and November 2019, CPE was isolated in 5.8% of 173 admitted neonates. Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most frequently isolated. There was no associated infection. Birth weight, gestational age, length of stay, and days of central line were the identified risk factors for CPE colonization (bivariate analysis with Student’s t-test or Mann–Whitney U test, according to normality). No independent risk factors for CPE colonization were identified in the logistic regression analysis. CPE colonization risk factors are still to be determined accurately in the neonatal population. Active surveillance and continuous infection control measures restrained the current cluster of colonized newborns and helped to prevent infection and future outbreaks.

An Outbreak of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Saiman ◽  
Alicia Cronquist ◽  
Fann Wu ◽  
Juyan Zhou ◽  
David Rubenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Surveillance Cultures ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
Incident Cases

AbstractObjective:To describe the epidemiologic and molecular investigations that successfully contained an outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Design:Isolates of MRSA were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and S. aureus protein A (spa).Setting:A level III-IV, 45-bed NICU located in a children's hospital within a medical center.Patients:Incident cases had MRSA isolated from clinical cultures (eg, blood) or surveillance cultures (ie, anterior nares).Interventions:Infected and colonized infants were placed on contact precautions, cohorted, and treated with mupirocin. Surveillance cultures were performed for healthcare workers (HCWs). Colonized HCWs were treated with topical mupirocin and hexachlorophene showers.Results:From January to March 2001, the outbreak strain of MRSA PFGE clone B, was harbored by 13 infants. Three (1.3%) of 235 HCWs were colonized with MRSA. Two HCWs, who rotated between the adult and the pediatric facility, harbored clone C. One HCW, who exclusively worked in the children's hospital, was colonized with clone B. From January 1999 to November 2000, 22 patients hospitalized in the adult facility were infected or colonized with clone B. Spa typing and PFGE yielded concordant results. PFGE clone B was identified as spa type 16, associated with outbreaks in Brazil and Hungary.Conclusions:A possible route of MRSA transmission was elucidated by molecular typing. MRSA appears to have been transferred from our adult facility to our pediatric facility by a rotating HCW. Spa typing allowed comparison of our institution's MRSA strains with previously characterized outbreak clones.

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