Female Genital Mutilation of African-Descent Iranians in Qeshm Island

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Qeshm Island ◽

Genital Mutilation ◽

Traditional Mode ◽

Physical And Psychological Health ◽

Physical Effects ◽

The Government ◽

Abstract Background: This article investigates the practice of female genital mutilation (FGM) as a long-held custom in Qeshm Island, which makes many African-descended women face different physical and psychological health problems.Objective: To investigate the prevalence of female genital mutilation in Qeshm Island and the traditional mode of thinking of Afro-Iranian people of the Island about this practice.Methods: This study is based on the descriptive analysis method. The questions of the study are (a) Why female genital mutilation is still practiced in Qeshm Island; (b) What are the mental and physical effects of female genital mutilation on women; and (c) How government or NGOs are fighting against this tradition. The results: This article has found out that female genital mutilation resulted in many lifelong diseases and sexual degradation in African-descended women of Qeshm Island. This article also illustrates that the best way to combat this wrong tradition is to inform people by gradual training without any insult to their beliefs.Conclusion: This study reveals the prevalence of a false tradition and the necessity of behavioral change. In doing so, the government and NGOs' strong actions and attracting the support of the community elders are also needed.

Female Genital Mutilation: A hope for its end. An Overview

10.36811/ojgor.2019.110007 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 35-37

Author(s):

Maria A Grácio ◽

António J Santos Grácio

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Zero Tolerance ◽

Research Projects ◽

Male And Female ◽

Genital Mutilation ◽

Modest Contribution ◽

Strong Energy ◽

Physical And Psychological Health ◽

During human history we found several procedures which can be considered as strong attacks on the physical and psychological integrity of human communities. Amongst these procedures are male and female genital mutilation. We have selected for this manuscript female genital mutilation (FGM) because we have personal knowledge of this practice in Africa and as there is today a growing perception on the necessity of to stop FGM, we want to share our experience of the knowledge of FGM. Effectively, some years ago, when we were working in research projects in Angola (West Africa) we were present at ceremonies (not the act) of female genital mutilation (FGM, whose popular name in Angola is “fanado”) by invitation of the community where the FGM was carried out, and we can transmit the following : (i) the images then seen remain in our memory -men, women and the young had vestments with many colors and adornments of metal, straw etc, were singing and dancing with strong energy ; (ii) the girls were stressed and fearful, thinking of their future suffering. Then, in this context, here we have as:1) general objective: to give our modest contribution to reinforce the necessity to end with the FGM practice, in that the dignity and rights of all girls are not respected; 2) particular objectives: (i) to show the negative repercussion of the FGM on girls concerning their physical and psychological health, since we are convinced that a genuine awareness of the gravity of the problems is an essential pre-condition for the implementation of any tangible measures for its end; (ii) to transmit the actual hope for the end of this procedure, considering, principally, that on 6 February 2019, WHO joins individuals, organizations, and UN partners worldwide in marking the International Day of Zero Tolerance for FGM [1]. To reach our objectives, we have selected information that we have considered as more relevant in the context of an edital.

Female genital mutilation: what every paediatrician should know

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2014-307234 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 101 (3) ◽

pp. 267-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Sarah M Creighton ◽

Deborah Hodes

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Genital Mutilation ◽

Global Problem ◽

Current Trends ◽

Physical And Psychological Health ◽

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is almost always performed on children and consequently paediatricians should have a central role in the detection and prevention of FGM. FGM has no health benefits and can cause lifelong damage to physical and psychological health. Extensive migration of FGM practising communities means that FGM is now a global problem. Paediatricians worldwide need to be familiar with the identification and classification of FGM and its impact upon health as well as current trends in practice. However information about FGM is hampered by the secrecy surrounding the procedure and a lack of rigorous evidence based research. This review summarises what is currently known about the health aspects of FGM and how paediatricians should manage children with FGM in their clinical practice.

Women’s empowerment and female genital mutilation intention for daughters in Sierra Leone: a multilevel analysis

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-021-01340-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Edward Kwabena Ameyaw ◽

Seun Anjorin ◽

Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽

Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽

Olalekan A. Uthman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Sierra Leone ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Labour Force ◽

Women's Empowerment ◽

Wife Beating ◽

Women’S Empowerment ◽

Genital Mutilation ◽

Abstract Background Female genital mutilation is common in Sierra Leone. Evidence indicates that empowering women provides protective benefits against female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C). Yet, the relationship between women’s empowerment and their intention to cut their daughters has not been explored in Sierra Leone. The aim of this study was to assess the association between women’s empowerment and their intention to have their daughters undergo FGM/C in the country. Methods Data for this study are from the 2013 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 7,706 women between the ages of 15 and 49 were included in the analysis. Analysis entailed generation of descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages), and estimation of multi-level logistic regression models to examine the association between women’s empowerment, contextual factors and their intentions to cut their daughters. Results A significantly higher proportion of women who participated in labour force reported that they intended to cut their daughters compared to those who did not (91.2%, CI = 90.4–91.9 and 86.0%, CI = 84.1–87.8, respectively). Similarly, the proportion intending to cut their daughters was significantly higher among women who accepted wife beating than among those who rejected the practice (94.9%, CI = 93.8–95.8 and 86.4% CI = 84.9–87.8, respectively). A significantly higher proportion of women with low decision-making power intended to cut their daughters compared to those with high decision-making power (91.0%, CI = 89.0–92.8 and 85.0% CI = 82.2–87.4, respectively). Results from multivariate regression analysis showed that the odds of intending to cut daughters were significantly higher among women who participated in labour force (aOR = 2.5, CI = 1.3–4.7) and those who accepted wife beating than among those who did not (aOR = 2.7, CI = 1.7–4.5). In contrast, the likelihood of intending to cut daughters was significantly lower among women with high than low knowledge (aOR = 0.4, CI = 0.3–0.7), and among those aged 45–49 than among those aged 15–19 (aOR = 0.2, CI = 0.0–0.6). Conclusion The findings underscore the need to align anti-FGM/C policies and programmes to women who have undergone FGM/C, those with low knowledge, women who support wife beating and young women. Such interventions could highlight the adverse implications of the practice by stressing the psychological, health and social implications of FGM/C on its survivors.

Female genital mutilation/cutting in Nigeria: Is the practice declining? A descriptive analysis of successive demographic and health surveys and multiple indicator cluster surveys (2003–2017)

10.31899/rh11.1038 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala ◽

Glory Atilola ◽

Chibuzor Nnanatu ◽

Emmanuel Ogundimu ◽

Lubanzadio Mavatikua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Surveys ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Genital Mutilation ◽

Multiple Indicator ◽

The Attitudes toward Female Genital Mutilation: A Survey among the Residents of Uramanat Region, Iran

International Journal of Health and Life Sciences ◽

10.5812/ijhls.94463 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Osman Mahmoudi ◽

Elham Hosseini

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

Social Groups ◽

Religious Practice ◽

Genital Organ ◽

African Countries ◽

Genital Mutilation ◽

Healthy Female ◽

Physical Effects ◽

Background: Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to the removal of a part or the entire female genital organ, which is often performed by a local individual using a blade without any anesthetics. FGM is concentrated in some African countries, Asia, and the Middle East. Objective: The present study was conducted in Iran, where FGM is a religious practice and not considered a crime, aiming to evaluate the information, beliefs, and understanding of the phenomenon among the residents of Uramanat (Javanrood, Ravansar, Salas, and Paveh cities) and compare the differences in the responses of the residents. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed among the Uramanat residents of Kermanshah province, Iran. Data were collected on the age, marital status, attitude, and knowledge of FGM. Results: The survey was implemented among 250 residents of the Uramanat region, and 212 questionnaires (82.7%) were returned by 96 women (47%) and 109 men (54%). Notably, 66.8% of the female participants had been circumcised. The findings indicated that 81.04% of the male residents and 88.5% of the female residents believed that FGM is a religious practice. Only 8.1% of the female residents compared to 18.7% of the male residents considered FGM to be illegal. Although 78.8% of the male participants stated that their spouse was circumcised, the majority of the men (57.8%) preferred a wife with a healthy female genitalia. Conclusions: According to the results, there are numerous and confusing perspectives regarding FGM. The lack of specific rules and knowledge about the psychological, sexual, and physical effects of FGM lead to the continuation of this practice. Therefore, raising the awareness of various social groups about FGM and its complications could put an end to this inhuman issue.

Female genital mutilation/cutting in Senegal: Is the practice declining? Descriptive analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys, 2005–2017

10.31899/rh11.1040 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dennis Matanda ◽

Glory Atilola ◽

Zhuzhi Moore ◽

Paul Komba ◽

Lubanzadio Mavatikua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Surveys ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Genital Mutilation ◽

Combating female genital mutilation in Northeast (Horn) Africa and its challenges

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v20i4.54 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 1955-67

Author(s):

Amirbahram Arabahmadi

Keyword(s):

Gender Discrimination ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Female Circumcision ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Horn Of Africa ◽

African Countries ◽

Genital Mutilation ◽

North East ◽

Background: This article investigates the practice of female genital mutilation as a long-held custom in the countries of North- east Africa, known as Horn of Africa, where many women in rural and urban areas are faced with different physical and psychic consequences in their future lives. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of FGM in the Horn of Africa and the traditional thinking of People about it. Methods: This study was based on descriptive analysis method. The questions of the study are (a) Why female circumcision is widely practiced in Horn of Africa; (b) What are the mental and physical consequences of female genital mutilation for the wom- en; and (c) How regional and international entities, whether governmental or NGOs, are combating this tradition. Results: This article has found out that female genital mutilation in Northeast African countries has resulted in many lifelong diseases and sexual degradation in many women and the best way to combat this tradition is to inform people by gradual (not abrupt) trainings without any insult to the beliefs of the people. Conclusion: This study reveals the Health education based on behavioral change. In doing so, the unity of policies between regional and international actors along with attracting the support of tribal elites is also needed. Keywords: Female genital mutilation; Northeast Africa; international organizations; nongovernmental organizations; gender discrimination.