scholarly journals Acute Respiratory Infection of under-five children associated with place of food cooking in Ethiopia: Multilevel Analysis of 2005-2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Geremew ◽  
Selamawit Gebremedhin ◽  
Yohannes Mulugeta ◽  
Tesfaye Assebe
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Acute Lower Respiratory Infection ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cooked Food

Abstract Background: Acute respiratory infection is the leading causes of under-five child mortality globally especially in least income countries. Exposure to toxic pollutants from solid biomass fuel in the indoor environment is the main risk factor. In Ethiopia, where more than 90% of population use this energy source and the disease is one of the top health problems, there is a paucity of evidence on the association of cooking places with the disease based on nationally representative data. Therefore, the current study is intended to at assess the association of food cooking places with acute respiratory infection based on a large-scale and time varying data.Methods: The data of Ethiopian Demographic and health surveys collected in 2005, 2011 and 2016 were used for this study. The data were obtained via online registration and analyzed using a multilevel analysis. The “svy” command in Stata was used to weight the data to adjust for cluster sampling design. Result: The total number of children included in the analysis was 30895, with 9,517 from 2005, 11,176 from 2011 and 10, 291 from 2016 survey. In total, 11.9% of children had an acute lower respiratory infection with 12.7%, 11.9% and 11.1% respectively in 2005, 2011 and 2016. In 2005, 71% of mothers cooked food inside the house and it declined to 43% in 2016. The risk of the infection to children whose mother cooked food outside the house compared to inside the house was 68% less likely (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI= 0.10, 0.98). Watching television at least once in a week had also reduced the risk of infection (AOR=0.60, 95% CI =0.38, 0.94). There was a statistically a significant difference among the children of within survey to have an infection and no difference among the children of between surveys.Conclusion: The mothers’ cooking of food outside the house lessen the risk of children to have acute respiratory infection. No difference among different surveys on the infection suggests the rareness of progress in the practices that could minimize the risk therefore measures like encouraging to cook in indoor environment of well-ventilated needs to be taken.

scholarly journals Influenza related pneumonia in children under five years old in Indonesia : An analysis of the risk factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Vivi Setiawaty ◽  
Ira Wignjadiputra ◽  
Ni Ketut Susilarini ◽  
Renty Mahkota
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Acute Lower Respiratory Infection ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Surveillance Database

Abstract Background: Pneumonia is more commonly among children under five years old and caused by several risk factors. Pneumonia causes 1.9 – 2.2 million children death worldwide every year, in which 1.3 million (81%) generally occurs in first 2 years of life. Seventy two percent of pneumonia occurs in children under five years old in 15 countries.  Indonesia was the 7th highest in the world. The prevalence of pneumonia in Indonesia was 18.5/1000 population and only 1.6/1000 received treatment. This study aim to elaborate the risk factors of the influenza related pneumonia in children under five years old. Method: The pneumonia control program in Ministry of Health focuses on early detection and treatment for bacterial pneumonia in community. Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) can develop fatal pneumonia. We collected data from the pneumonia surveillance database in the Acute Respiratory Infection subdirectorate. Results: Influenza related pneumonia was 13% of acute lower respiratory infection in pediatric. The number of children under five years old death estimation was   28,000-115,000 and 99% happened in developing countries. The aim of this review is to understand influenza related pneumonia in Indonesia and global.  Summary: In Indonesia, proportion of influenza from SARI surveillance was 12% and mainly in children under five years old (36%).  Pneumonia was 18% of SARI cases with positive influenza. The effect of Influenza become pneumonia remain unclear.

scholarly journals The Deep Learning LSTM and MTD Models Best Predict Acute Respiratory Infection among Under-Five-Year Old Children in Somaliland

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1156
Author(s):  
Mohamed Yusuf Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Sarima Model ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Competing Models ◽  
Long Short Term Memory

The most effective techniques for predicting time series patterns include machine learning and classical time series methods. The aim of this study is to search for the best artificial intelligence and classical forecasting techniques that can predict the spread of acute respiratory infection (ARI) and pneumonia among under-five-year old children in Somaliland. The techniques used in the study include seasonal autoregressive integrated moving averages (SARIMA), mixture transitions distribution (MTD), and long short term memory (LSTM) deep learning. The data used in the study were monthly observations collected from five regions in Somaliland from 2011–2014. Prediction results from the three best competing models are compared by using root mean square error (RMSE) and absolute mean deviation (MAD) accuracy measures. Results have shown that the deep learning LSTM and MTD models slightly outperformed the classical SARIMA model in predicting ARI values.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Acute Respiratory Infection in Children Under Five in Padang, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Rahmi Hidayanti ◽  
◽  
Husna Yetti ◽  
Andani Eka Putra ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

scholarly journals Risk factors of acute respiratory infections among under five children attending public hospitals in southern Tigray, Ethiopia, 2016/2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sielu Alemayehu ◽  
Kalayou Kidanu ◽  
Tensay Kahsay ◽  
Mekuria Kassa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Maternal Literacy

Abstract Background Acute Respiratory infection accounts for 94,037000 disability adjusted life years and 1.9 million deaths worldwide. Acute respiratory infections is the most common causes of under-five illness and mortality. The under five children gets three to six episodes of acute respiratory infections annually regardless of where they live. Disease burden due to acute respiratory infection is 10–50 times higher in developing countries when compared to developed countries. The aim of this study was to assess risk factors of acute respiratory infection among under-five children attending Public hospitals in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia 2016/2017. Methods Institution based case control study was conducted from Nov 2016 to June 2017. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 288 (96 cases and 192 controls) children under 5 years of age. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit study subjects and SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were employed to examine statistical association between the outcome variable and selected independent variables at 95% confidence level. Level of statistical Significance was declared at p < 0.05. Tables, figures and texts were used to present data. Result One hundred sixty (55.6%) and 128 (44.4%) of the participants were males and females respectively. Malnutrition (AOR = 2.89; 95%CI: 1.584–8.951; p = 0.039), cow dung use (AOR =2.21; 95%CI: 1.121–9.373; p = 0.014), presence of smoker in the family (AOR = 0.638; 95% CI: 0.046–0.980; p = 0.042) and maternal literacy (AOR = 3.098; 95%CI: 1.387–18.729; p = 0.021) were found to be significant predictors of acute respiratory infection among under five children. Conclusion According to this study maternal literacy, smoking, cow dung use and nutritional status were strongly associated with increased risk of childhood acute respiratory infection. Health care providers should work jointly with the general public, so that scientific knowledge and guidelines for adopting particular preventive measures for acute respiratory infection are disseminated.

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