Visualizing Climate Change: The Role of Construal Level, Emotional Valence, and Visual Literacy

Author(s):  
Ran Duan ◽  
Christian Bombara

Abstract This study examines how the level of concreteness and abstraction of climate change imagery influences people’s responses via emotional valence, and how such effect is moderated by people’s visual literacy. Findings show that concrete images promote negative feelings, which subsequently reduce people’s perceived distance to climate change, encourage concern and behavioral intention. Less visually literate people are more influenced by the visuals’ effect and are more motivated by concrete images. Our study integrates theoretical perspectives from construal level, emotional valence and visual literacy, while also offering practical advice regarding how to effectively visualize climate change to engage a wide audience.

2021 ◽  
pp. 107554702110081
Author(s):  
Ran Duan ◽  
Bruno Takahashi ◽  
Adam Zwickle

Relying on construal-level theory, we experimentally test how the level of concreteness and abstraction of climate change imagery affects climate change responses among a diverse sample of U.S. adults ( N = 448). Results show that concrete visual messaging practices cannot directly lead to increased level of concern or behavioral intentions. Instead, they may backfire for conservatives, less-efficacious people, and people who are low in proenvironmental values. Our findings contribute to the effective climate change visual communication literature by incorporating a construal-level perspective, while also offering practical implications regarding how to use visuals more effectively to engage the public with climate change.


2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-25
Author(s):  
Tiina Männistö-Funk

Koneellisesti tuotettu puhe on sekä teknisesti että sosiaalisesti erityinen teknologian ominaisuus. Tässä artikkelissa esitetään, että puhuvia koneita on syytä tarkastella omana sosioteknisenä kategorianaan, koska ihmismäiseen puheeseen liittyy koneen ja käyttäjän suhteen näkökulmasta monia erityisiä kysymyksiä. Elottomia esineitä on saatu puhumaan esihistoriallisista ajoista lähtien erilaisten äänensiirtotekniikoiden avulla, 1700-luvulta lähtien puhesynteesin avulla ja 1800-luvun lopulta lähtien myös äänitetyn puheen keinoin. 1900-luvun mittaan puhuvista koneista tuli osa modernia, teknistynyttä ääniympäristöä, ja erilaisia puhuvia robotteja esitellään yhä lupauksina tulevaisuuden älykkäistä koneista.Puhuvat koneet herättävät kuitenkin helposti ärsytyksen kaltaisia negatiivisia tunteita. Outoutta tai kauhua on pohdittu ongelmina robottien kohtaamisessa, mutta puheen rooli konekohtaamisissa on jäänyt vähälle huomiolle. Puhe toimijuuden muotona merkitsee ihmisen ja koneen suhteen asettumista neuvottelun alaiseksi erityisellä tavalla, jota kulttuurin- ja historiantutkimus voivat auttaa ymmärtämään.Talk of machines: Theoretical Perspectives to Speech TechnologiesMachinically produced speech is a special technological feature, both technically and socially. This article proposes treating talking machines as a sociotechnical category of their own, in order to pay due attention to the role of human-like speech in the relationship of machines and users. Inanimate objects have been given the power of speech from prehistoric times by diverse techniques of acoustic transmission. From the 18th century onwards they have been made to talk by means of mechanical speech synthesis and from the late 19th century on also by making use of voice recording technologies. During the 20th century, talking machines became a part of the modern, technological soundscape.Talking robots are still being showcased as promises of future machine intelligence. However, talking machines easily induce negative feelings, such as annoyance. The feelings of horror and uncanniness have often been brought up as problems in human-robot interaction, but the role of speech in these encounters has not attracted much attention. Speech as a form of agency negotiates the relationship of humans and machines in specific ways, which cultural studies and historical research can help to understand.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward John Roy Clarke ◽  
Anna Klas ◽  
Joshua Stevenson ◽  
Emily Jane Kothe

Climate change is a politically-polarised issue, with conservatives less likely than liberals to perceive it as human-caused and consequential. Furthermore, they are less likely to support mitigation and adaptation policies needed to reduce its impacts. This study aimed to examine whether John Oliver’s “A Mathematically Representative Climate Change Debate” clip on his program Last Week Tonight polarised or depolarised a politically-diverse audience on climate policy support and behavioural intentions. One hundred and fifty-nine participants, recruited via Amazon MTurk (94 female, 64 male, one gender unspecified, Mage = 51.07, SDage = 16.35), were presented with either John Oliver’s climate change consensus clip, or a humorous video unrelated to climate change. Although the climate change consensus clip did not reduce polarisation (or increase it) relative to a control on mitigation policy support, it resulted in hyperpolarisation on support for adaptation policies and increased climate action intentions among liberals but not conservatives.


2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungho Kang ◽  
한상우 ◽  
Lee, Hangeun

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