scholarly journals Development and Patient Experience Evaluation of a Gentle Atomizer for Nasal Drug Delivery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzzam Ahmed Khawaja ◽  
Syed A. A. Rizvi ◽  
Boliang Gong ◽  
Waiman Yeung ◽  
Marcos A. Sanchez-Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Patient Experience ◽  
Flow Dynamics ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Dynamics Modeling ◽  
Nasal Drug Delivery ◽  
Spray Cone ◽  
Narrow Angle ◽  
Computational Flow Dynamics

Abstract Background: Recently, nasal drug delivery has emerged as a convenient modality for the treatment of multiple, allergic, infectious, and inflammatory sinonasal conditions. Some patients report discomfort and irritation associated with the pressure and flow generated by using typical atomizers which may lead to decrease patient compliance and lower satisfaction. We sought to develop a rather gentle atomizer for nasal irrigation that would ameliorate the discomfort associated with nasal drug delivery. Herein, we report the development of an atomizer via fluid dynamics modeling and evaluating the patient experience.Methods: Using computational flow dynamics modeling, we assessed the distribution of atomized droplets to compare the conventional narrow-angle (NA) Vs a new open-angle swirling effect (OSE) atomizer. The goal for the new atomizer was to generate a swirling effect by opening a spray cone from a tapered nozzle bottle at different head tilted positions to determine the most efficient one that would enhance drug delivery and aid in patient comfort. Once the best computational model was generated and the atomizer developed, a group of 13 healthy volunteers consented to participate in the performance evaluation of the two atomizers (NA and OSE). Participants gauged both atomizers for ergonomics, pressure, and comfort for drug delivery (saline). The participants' feedback was collected using the nozzle tip sensory attributes questionnaire.Results: Atomizer Fluid Dynamics: The comparison was made between NA and OSE using the latest recommendation on the intranasal delivery angle of 45º with the nozzle 1.5 cm into the nose bypassing the nasal valve. The NA went 7cm into the nose, and hence generated high frictional pressure in the nasal mucosa. On the other hand, the OSE deliverd doses between 3 - 7 cm, thus generating less pressure. Patient Experience: 60% of the participants encountered irritation with the NA atomizer such as pain and a burning sensation. About 20% felt the OSE to be soft and pleasant, while 90% reported a misting sensation.Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that OSE is a viable and more comfortable system to deliver intranasal therapies. These findings shed light on our understanding of the fluid flow dynamics to design extra efficient and comfortable atomizers to maximize drug delivery in the nasal cavity and potentially increase patient satisfaction as well as compliance.

Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to Improve the Bi-Directional Nasal Drug Delivery Concept

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kleven ◽  
M.C. Melaaen ◽  
M. Reimers ◽  
J.S. Røtnes ◽  
L. Aurdal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Nasal Drug Delivery ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) APPLIED IN THE DRUG DELIVERY DESIGN PROCESS TO THE NASAL PASSAGES: A REVIEW

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 1230002 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIT KLEVEN ◽  
MORTEN C. MELAAEN ◽  
PER G. DJUPESLAND
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Nasal Drug Delivery ◽  
Physical Experiments ◽  
Computer Aided

Computer fluid dynamics (CFD) has for many years now been employed to study and solve fluid problems in the industry and offers an attractive method for accurately describing systems at a reasonable cost. Computer-aided methods are becoming increasingly important in medicine. Due to a combination of increased computer efficiency and advanced numerical techniques, the realism of these simulations has been enhanced in recent years. Over the past decade, computer-aided design has emerged as a method that is both sufficiently rigorous and efficient to be used for studies of the fluid dynamics in complex airway structures like the nasal airway. Physical experiments in vitro and in vivo are often expensive and time-consuming, and CFD has gained increasing attention as a tool in the design process of devices delivering drugs to the respiratory tract. This paper provides a review of the development of CFD in the studies of nasal airway fluid dynamics, particle and filtering properties in health and disease. Special emphasis is given to studies related to CFD studies used in the development of nasal drug delivery devices. The accuracy and value of CFD for the study of drug delivery design to the nose is reviewed in comparison to experimental results with other methods. Some important challenges when dealing with grid generation and flow simulations in these complex geometries with variable multiphase flow patterns in alternate directions are discussed.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Nasal Airflow to Understand Drug Delivery Process

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goutham Mylavarapu ◽  
Mihai Mihaescu ◽  
Ephraim Gutmark ◽  
Shanmugam Murugappan ◽  
Lee Zimmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Nasal Airflow ◽  
Dynamics Modeling ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling

scholarly journals Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Rotating Annular VUV/UV Photoreactor for Water Treatment

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Minghan Luo ◽  
Wenjie Xu ◽  
Xiaorong Kang ◽  
Keqiang Ding ◽  
Taeseop Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Dynamics Modeling ◽  
Rotational Movement ◽  
Contaminant Degradation ◽  
Wide Range

The ultraviolet photochemical degradation process is widely recognized as a low-cost, environmentally friendly, and sustainable technology for water treatment. This study integrated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and a photoreactive kinetic model to investigate the effects of flow characteristics on the contaminant degradation performance of a rotating annular photoreactor with a vacuum-UV (VUV)/UV process performed in continuous flow mode. The results demonstrated that the introduced fluid remained in intensive rotational movement inside the reactor for a wide range of inflow rates, and the rotational movement was enhanced with increasing influent speed within the studied velocity range. The CFD modeling results were consistent with the experimental abatement of methylene blue (MB), although the model slightly overestimated MB degradation because it did not fully account for the consumption of OH radicals from byproducts generated in the MB decomposition processes. The OH radical generation and contaminant degradation efficiency of the VUV/UV process showed strong correlation with the mixing level in a photoreactor, which confirmed the promising potential of the developed rotating annular VUV reactor in water treatment.

Real-time quantitative monitoring of in vitro nasal drug delivery by a nasal epithelial mucosa-on-a-chip model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanieh Gholizadeh ◽  
Hui Xin Ong ◽  
Peta Bradbury ◽  
Agisilaos Kourmatzis ◽  
Daniela Traini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Nasal Drug Delivery ◽  
Quantitative Monitoring
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