scholarly journals First report of Thelazia callipaeda infection in Phortica okadai and wildlife in national nature reserves, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yipeng Jin ◽  
Zichen Liu ◽  
Jiaqi Wei ◽  
Yifan Wen ◽  
Nianjun He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Panda ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Thelazia Callipaeda ◽  
First Report ◽  
Transmission Cycle ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
Specific Pcr

Abstract Background: Thelazia callipaeda is a zoonotic parasitic nematode of the family Thelaziidae, with Phortica okadai as the intermediate host and the only confirmed vector in China. China has the largest number of cases of thelaziosis in humans of the world. It is generally believed that the infected domestic animals (dogs and cats) are the most important reservoir hosts of Thelazia callipaeda and directly threaten humans. At present, there is not much research and attention on the role of wildlife in the transmission cycle of thelaziosis in wildlife nature reserves.Methods: During 2016-2019, we selected four wildlife national nature reserve across the country as monitoring points for Phortica okadai and wildlife, and we chose to use fly-trap method for monitoring Phortica okadai density. Morphological analysis of the parasites collected from the conjunctival sac of the wildlife was taken as the first step, and a specific PCR was used for exact confirmation.Results: In 2019, the density of Phortica okadai in Foping National Nature Reserve of China, increased sharply and infected Phortica okadai were newly found in wildlife nature reserves. Wild giant panda, wild boar, leopard cat, and black bear were newly found to be infected by Thelazia callipaeda (one animal of each species). A total of four worms were collected and one worm was collected from each animals. The morphologic characteristics of the four worms led to their identification as Thelazia callipaeda, which was molecularly confirmed by a specific PCR amplification.Conclusions: This is the first report of Phortica okadai as well as a variety of wildlife including wild giant panda infected by Thelazia callipaeda in wildlife nature reserves in China. This indicates that there has been a transmission cycle of thelaziosis among wildlife in wildlife nature reserves. The increasing number of case reports in wildlife suggests the likely risk of infection of Thelazia callipaeda in villagers around wildlife nature reserves.

scholarly journals First report of Thelazia callipaeda infection in Phortica okadai and wildlife in national nature reserves, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yipeng Jin ◽  
Zichen Liu ◽  
Jiaqi Wei ◽  
Yifan Wen ◽  
Nianjun He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Panda ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Thelazia Callipaeda ◽  
First Report ◽  
Transmission Cycle ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
Specific Pcr

Abstract Background: Thelazia callipaeda is a zoonotic parasitic nematode of the family Thelaziidae, with Phortica okadai as the intermediate host and the only confirmed vector in China. China has the largest number of cases of thelaziosis in humans of the world. It is generally believed that domestic animals (dogs and cats) are the most important reservoir hosts of Thelazia callipaeda and directly threaten humans. At present, there is not much research and attention on the role of wildlife in the transmission cycle of thelaziosis in wildlife nature reserves.Methods: During 2016-2019, we selected four wildlife national nature reserve across the country as monitoring points for Phortica okadai and wildlife, and we chose to use fly-trap method for monitoring Phortica okadai density. Morphological analysis of the parasites collected from the conjunctival sac of the wildlife was taken as the first step, and a specific PCR was used for exact confirmation.Results: In 2019, the density of Phortica okadai in Foping National Nature Reserve of China, increased sharply and infected Phortica okadai were newly found in wildlife nature reserves. Wild giant panda, wild boar, leopard cat, and black bear were newly found to be infected by Thelazia callipaeda (one animal of each species). A total of four worms were collected and one worm was collected from each animals. The morphologic characteristics of the four worms led to their identification as Thelazia callipaeda, which was molecularly confirmed by a specific PCR amplification.Conclusions: This is the first report of Phortica okadai as well as a variety of wildlife including wild giant panda infected by Thelazia callipaeda in wildlife nature reserves in China. This indicates that there has been a transmission cycle of thelaziosis among wildlife in wildlife nature reserves. The increasing number of case reports in wildlife suggests the likely risk of infection of Thelazia callipaeda in villagers around wildlife nature reserves.

scholarly journals A first report of Thelazia callipaeda infection in Phortica okadai and wildlife in national nature reserves in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yipeng Jin ◽  
Zichen Liu ◽  
Jiaqi Wei ◽  
Yifan Wen ◽  
Nianjun He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Giant Panda ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Thelazia Callipaeda ◽  
First Report ◽  
Transmission Cycle ◽  
National Nature Reserves

Abstract Background Thelazia callipaeda is a zoonotic parasitic nematode of the family Thelaziidae, with Phortica okadai as its intermediate host and only confirmed vector in China. China has the largest number of human cases of thelaziosis in the world. It is generally believed that infected domestic animals (dogs and cats) are the most important reservoir hosts of T. callipaeda, and thus pose a direct threat to humans. At present, there is little research or attention focused on the role of wildlife in the transmission cycle of thelaziosis in nature reserves. Methods We selected locations in four national nature reserves across China to monitor P. okadai and wildlife. We used a fly-trap method to monitor P. okadai density. Morphological analysis of the parasites collected from the conjunctival sac of the infected wildlife was undertaken as the first step in species identification, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for species confirmation. Results In 2019, the density of P. okadai in Foping National Nature Reserve in China increased sharply, and infected P. okadai were newly found in the reserve. Giant panda, wild boar, leopard cat, and black bear were found to be newly infected with T. callipaeda (one individual of each species). A total of four worms were collected, one from each species of wildlife. The four worms were identified as T. callipaeda by their morphological characteristics; species identification was confirmed by PCR amplification. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of T. callipaeda infection in P. okadai as well as in a variety of wildlife, including giant panda, in nature reserves in China. These results indicate that there is a transmission cycle of T. callipaeda among wildlife in these nature reserves. The increasing number of case reports of thelaziosis in wildlife suggest a likely risk of T. callipaeda infection for the inhabitants of villages situated around nature reserves.

scholarly journals First Report of Thelazia Callipaeda Infection in Amiota Okadai and Wildlife in Wildlife Home Range, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yipeng Jin ◽  
Zichen Liu ◽  
Jiaqi Wei ◽  
Yifan Wen ◽  
Nianjun He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Thelazia Callipaeda ◽  
Giant Pandas ◽  
Transmission Cycle ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Morphologic Characteristics

Abstract Background: Thelazia callipaeda is a nematode of the sucking nematode genus of the sucking family, with Amiota okadai as the intermediate host and vector in China. China has the largest number of cases of thelaziosis in humans in the world. It is generally believed that domestic animals (dogs and cats) are the most important reservoir host of Thelazia callipaeda and directly threaten humans. At present, there is not much research and attention on the role of wildlife in the transmission cycle of thelaziosis in wildlife home range.Methods: During 2016-2019, we selected four wildlife national nature reserve across the country as monitoring points for Amiota okadai and wildlife. And we chose to use fly-trap method for monitoring Amiota okadai density. Morphological analysis of the parasites collected from the conjunctival sac of the wildlife was taken as the first step, and a specific PCR was used for exact confirmation.Results: In 2019, the density of Amiota okadai in Foping National Nature Reserve, in China, increased sharply and infected Amiota okadai were newly found in wildlife home range. And it was newly found that wild giant pandas, wild boars, leopard cats, black bears were infected with Thelazia callipaeda. A total of 4 nematodes were collected. The morphologic characteristics of the nematode led to its identification as Thelazia callipaeda, which was molecularly confirmed by a specific PCR amplification.Conclusions: This is the first time in China that Amiota okadai has been reported to be infected with Thelazia callipaeda in wildlife home range, while a variety of wildlife, including wild giant pandas, have been infected. This suggests that there has been a transmission cycle of thelaziosis among wildlife in wildlife home range. This has undoubtedly increased the risk of infection of Thelazia callipaeda in villagers around wildlife home range.

Evaluating giant panda as a surrogate species for conservation co-occurring species in the Baishuijiang National Nature Reserve

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 8939-8948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanlei Rong ◽  
Xingming Liu ◽  
Chuanyan Zhao ◽  
Liwen He ◽  
Junjie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Panda ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Surrogate Species ◽  
National Nature Reserve

scholarly journals Mammals of Tengchong Section of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 14402-14414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Li ◽  
Xiang-Yuan Huang ◽  
Xing-Chao Zhang ◽  
Xing-Xi Zhao ◽  
Jian-Huan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Asiatic Black Bear ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
Low Altitude

We conducted field surveys on the mammalian diversity in the Tengchong Section of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province, China, using camera trap and transect method between April 2014 and May 2018.  A total of 46 identifiable mammal species were recorded, including one new record for China and nine new species for the Tengchong County.  Of the 46 species, nine are globally threatened (three Endangered and six Vulnerable) and six are Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.  Species richness of most mammal groups in Tengchong remains high compared to similar sites in neighbouring countries; however, encounter rates for species vulnerable to high hunting pressures were quite low and large carnivores, except the Asiatic Black Bear, were either extirpated or at critically low numbers.  Future surveys should cover a wider elevation range and a variety of microhabitats to increase the probability of detecting the species not yet recorded.  To enhance the conservation value of the reserve for the diverse mammalian community, poaching and livestock grazing should be further controlled; in addition, protection and restoration of low-altitude forests should be encouraged.  Monitoring and research on selected flagship species should also be conducted.

scholarly journals Analysis of the effectiveness of landscape protection in the Liancheng National Nature Reserve, Gansu, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihao Huang ◽  
Yangjing Peng ◽  
Ruifeng Wang ◽  
Guofa Cui ◽  
Nachuan Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
National Level ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Human Interference ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
Landscape Protection

Abstract Background The rapid assessment of the effectiveness of landscape protection in nature reserves is of great significance for the scientific formulation of protection and management countermeasures for nature reserves and is also an urgent problem to be solved for the construction and management of nature reserves in China. Using high-resolution remote sensing image data, this study analyzes the landscape dynamics in the Liancheng National Nature Reserve (LNNR) and their driving factors since the reserve’s promotion to the national level in 2005, and proposes a comprehensive evaluation method for the effectiveness of landscape protection in protected areas based on the Landscape Transfer Index (LTI), Protected Landscape Integrity Index (PLII), and Interfered Landscape Sprawl Index (ILSI). Results Between 2006 and 2019, the area of protected landscape—namely woodland, grassland, and water—in the LNNR decreased, while the area of interfered landscape such as residential land, industrial and mining land, and water conservancy facility land increased. The LTI was − 0.14, and among the driving factors, the development of industry and mining, land use by indigenous inhabitants, and the development of the transport industry made the highest contribution to the landscape transfer tendency, being respectively 34.79%, 28.98%, and 17.30%. The PLII decreased from 82.7 to 68.7 and the ILSI increased from 26.61 to 26.68. Conclusion The effectiveness of landscape protection in the LNNR is low. Between 2006 and 2019, the overall quality of the landscape slightly decreased, the spatial pattern of the protected landscape became more fragmented, and the degree of human interference in the landscape increased; however, the scope of influence of human interference did not change significantly. These changes were mainly due to industrial and mining exploitation, land use by indigenous inhabitants, and road construction. However, despite the insignificant nature of these changes, they still require attention and timely remedial measures. The methodology proposed in this study may be applicable to the rapid assessment of the effectiveness of landscape conservation in various types of nature conservation sites around the world.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document