Analysis of the effectiveness of landscape protection in the Liancheng National Nature Reserve, Gansu, China

Abstract Background The rapid assessment of the effectiveness of landscape protection in nature reserves is of great significance for the scientific formulation of protection and management countermeasures for nature reserves and is also an urgent problem to be solved for the construction and management of nature reserves in China. Using high-resolution remote sensing image data, this study analyzes the landscape dynamics in the Liancheng National Nature Reserve (LNNR) and their driving factors since the reserve’s promotion to the national level in 2005, and proposes a comprehensive evaluation method for the effectiveness of landscape protection in protected areas based on the Landscape Transfer Index (LTI), Protected Landscape Integrity Index (PLII), and Interfered Landscape Sprawl Index (ILSI). Results Between 2006 and 2019, the area of protected landscape—namely woodland, grassland, and water—in the LNNR decreased, while the area of interfered landscape such as residential land, industrial and mining land, and water conservancy facility land increased. The LTI was − 0.14, and among the driving factors, the development of industry and mining, land use by indigenous inhabitants, and the development of the transport industry made the highest contribution to the landscape transfer tendency, being respectively 34.79%, 28.98%, and 17.30%. The PLII decreased from 82.7 to 68.7 and the ILSI increased from 26.61 to 26.68. Conclusion The effectiveness of landscape protection in the LNNR is low. Between 2006 and 2019, the overall quality of the landscape slightly decreased, the spatial pattern of the protected landscape became more fragmented, and the degree of human interference in the landscape increased; however, the scope of influence of human interference did not change significantly. These changes were mainly due to industrial and mining exploitation, land use by indigenous inhabitants, and road construction. However, despite the insignificant nature of these changes, they still require attention and timely remedial measures. The methodology proposed in this study may be applicable to the rapid assessment of the effectiveness of landscape conservation in various types of nature conservation sites around the world.

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Exploring the Rapid Assessment Method for Nature Reserve Landscape Protection Effectiveness—A Case Study of Liancheng National Nature Reserve, Gansu, China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13073904 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 3904

Author(s):

Zhihao Huang ◽

Yangjing Peng ◽

Ruifeng Wang ◽

Guofa Cui ◽

Bo Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Evaluation Method ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

National Level ◽

Nature Reserves ◽

Driving Factors ◽

Landscape Conservation ◽

Human Interference ◽

National Nature Reserve ◽

Landscape Protection

The rapid assessment of the effectiveness of landscape protection in nature reserves is of great significance for the scientific formulation of protection and management countermeasures. There is also an urgent problem to be solved for the construction and management of nature reserves in China. Using high-resolution remote sensing image data, this study analyzes the landscape dynamics in the Liancheng National Nature Reserve (LNNR) and their driving factors since the reserve’s promotion to the national level in 2005, and proposes a comprehensive evaluation method for the effectiveness of landscape protection in protected areas based on the Landscape Transfer Index (LTI), Protected Landscape Integrity Index (PLII), and Interfered Landscape Sprawl Index (ILSI). Between 2006 and 2019, the area of protected landscape—namely woodland, grassland, and water—in the LNNR decreased, while the area of interfered landscape such as residential land, industrial and mining land, and water conservancy facility land increased. The LTI was −0.14, and among the driving factors, the development of industry and mining, land use by indigenous inhabitants, and the development of the transport industry made the highest contributions to the landscape transfer tendency, respectively 34.79%, 28.98%, and 17.30%. The results indicate that the overall quality of the landscape declined slightly during this period, mainly as a result of industrial and mining development, indigenous use of the land, and road construction. The PLII decreased from 82.7 to 68.7; this result indicates that the spatial pattern of the protected landscape became more fragmented, and the degree of human interference in the landscape increased. The ILSI increased from 26.61 to 26.68 which indicates that the scope of influence of human interference did not change significantly. The effectiveness of landscape protection in the LNNR is low. Despite the insignificant nature of these changes, they still require attention and timely remedial measures. The methodology proposed in this study may be applicable to the rapid assessment of the effectiveness of landscape conservation in various types of nature conservation sites around the world.

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Ecotourism risk assessment in Yaoluoping Nature Reserve, Anhui, China based on GIS

10.21203/rs.3.rs-298724/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xuehai Tang ◽

Yanping Wu ◽

Jun Ye ◽

Haiyan Lv ◽

Feixia Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Land Use ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Nature Reserves ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Risk Level ◽

Continuous Increase ◽

Risk Areas

Abstract With the continuous increase of tourism development and human disturbance, the functional structure distribution, sustainable utilization of resources and ecological benefits of nature reserves have been affected, and its ecological risk has increased significantly. This study proposes ecotourism development patterns for risk areas at each level, to provide a basis for stabilizing and promoting the ecological sustainable development of nature reserves. Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve in China is used as a study example. Based on GF-2 satellite data within the reserve area in 2017, ENVI, Fragstats and ArcGIS10.2 are used for land use classification as well as evaluation indicators selection and analysis. The ecotourism risk assessment model of the reserve is constructed, which is combined with the analytic hierarchy process and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The model consists of landscape ecology, topographic hydrology, land use and human activities factors, and it can produce the distribution map at the ecotourism risk level of the reserve. Results show that the high ecotourism risk areas in the reserve are mainly located around rivers and roads, and they are distributed in strips. Overall, the ecotourism risk level in the northern part of the reserve is higher than that in the southern part. Nearly 90% of the regional ecotourism risk is at the middle or low level, implying the reserve in a healthy level overall. However, except for low risk areas, the proportion of risk areas at all levels in the core zone is higher than that in the buffer zone.

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Ecological compensation standards for returning grazing land to grassland in nature reserves: A case study of Xianghai National Nature Reserve in Jilin

Acta Ecologica Sinica ◽

10.5846/stxb202003260708 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (12) ◽

Author(s):

龚心语，黄宝荣，邓冉，黄凯，孙晶，张丛林 GONG Xinyu

Keyword(s):

Nature Reserve ◽

Nature Reserves ◽

Ecological Compensation ◽

Grazing Land ◽

National Nature Reserve

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Spatial heterogeneity in mangroves assessed by GeoEye-1 satellite data: a case-study in Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve (ZMNNR), China

Biogeosciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/bgd-10-2591-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 2591-2615 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

K. Leempoel ◽

C. Bourgeois ◽

J. Zhang ◽

J. Wang ◽

M. Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Spatial Heterogeneity ◽

Satellite Data ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Species Level ◽

Geometric Distortion ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Ground Truth Data ◽

National Nature Reserve ◽

High Resolution Satellite Images

Abstract. Mangrove forests, which are declining across the globe mainly because of human intervention, require an evaluation of their past and present status (e.g. areal extent, species-level distribution, etc.) to better implement conservation and management strategies. In this paper, mangrove cover dynamics at Gaoqiao (under the jurisdiction of Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve – ZMNNR, P. R. China) were assessed through time using 1967 (Corona KH-4B), 2000 (Landsat ETM+), and 2009 (GeoEye-1) satellite imagery. An important decline in mangrove cover (−36%) was observed between 1967 and 2009 due to dike construction for agriculture (paddy) and aquaculture practices. Moreover, dike construction prevented mangroves from expanding landward. Although a small increase of mangrove area was observed between 2000 and 2009 (+24%), the ratio mangrove/aquaculture kept decreasing due to increased aquaculture at the expense of rice culture. In the land-use/cover map based on ground-truth data (5 m × 5 m plot-based tree measurements) (August–September, 2009) and spectral reflectance values (obtained from pansharpened GeoEye-1), both Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and small Aegiceras corniculatum are distinguishable at 73–100% accuracy, whereas tall A. corniculatum is identifiable at only 53% due to its mixed vegetation stands close to B. gymnorrhiza (classification accuracy: 85%). Sand proportion in the sediment showed significant differences (Kruskal-Wallis/ANOVA, P < 0.05) between the three mangrove classes (B. gymnorrhiza and small and tall A. corniculatum). Distribution of tall A. corniculatum on the convex side of creeks and small A.corniculatum on the concave side (with sand) show intriguing patterns of watercourse changes. Overall, the advantage of very high resolution satellite images like GeoEye-1 for mangrove spatial heterogeneity assessment and/or species-level discrimination is well demonstrated, along with the complexity to provide a precise classification for non-dominant species (e.g. Kandelia obovata) at Gaoqiao. Despite the limitations such as geometric distortion and single band information, the 42-yr old Corona declassified images are invaluable for land-use/cover change detections when compared to recent satellite data sets.

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Biodiversity Preliminary Investigation of Nature Reserve Taoyuan Cave

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.467-469.1753 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 467-469 ◽

pp. 1753-1758

Author(s):

Yi Min Tan

Keyword(s):

Nature Reserve ◽

Preliminary Investigation ◽

National Level ◽

Good Condition ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Negative Ion ◽

Ecological Environment ◽

Humid Climate ◽

National Nature Reserve ◽

Forest Coverage

Nature reserve is a significant base for humans to understand, use and protect nature. This study has investigated the ecological environment of Taoyuan cave National Nature Reserve. The results show that: the forest coverage here is high with rich biodiversity; wildlife resources are rich and diverse; air quality and water quality are first class of national level and the average air negative ion concentration is 18,000 ions / cm3 with less bacteria in the air, mild and humid climate, abundant rainfall, multiple microclimate types and good quality of environment. This suggests that the ecological environment of Taoyuan cave National Nature Reserve is in good condition.

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What are the benefits of strictly protected nature reserves? Rapid assessment of ecosystem service values in Wanglang Nature Reserve, China

Ecosystem Services ◽

10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.05.014 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 70-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Peng Liu ◽

Shiwei Jiang ◽

Lianjun Zhao ◽

Yunxi Li ◽

Pingping Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Service ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Nature Reserves ◽

Wanglang Nature Reserve

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Assessment of Nature Reserve Management Effectiveness - A Case Study of Huihe Nature Reserve

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1093 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 726-731 ◽

pp. 1093-1100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhi Rong Zheng ◽

Shi Hai Lv ◽

Jun Jing Gao ◽

Chao Yang Feng

Keyword(s):

Index System ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Nature Reserves ◽

Management Effectiveness ◽

Reserve Management ◽

Assessment Approach ◽

Important Means ◽

Set Up ◽

Nature Reserve Management

To protect natural resources and biodiversity, nature reserves have been established worldwide. However, the inadequate management is becoming a widespread problem in the development of nature reserves. Therefore, assessing management effectiveness of nature reserve is not only one of the important means to improve and promote the sustainable management level of nature reserve, but also a hotspot in recent research of biodiversity conservation. But until now, there isnt a quantitative assessment approach accepted widely. According to literature survey and the Delphi method, this study set up an index system, including (A) management behavior, (B) protective effect and (C) social influence. Based on this, Huhe nature reserve was selected to verify the applicability of this index system. The results showed that various problems and prioritization of nature reserve management could be identified effectively using this index system, which offers policy makers a tool for a rapid assessment of management effectiveness. In addition, this study will provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for nature reserve management in China.

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