scholarly journals Demand and Supply Side Factors Associated with the Use of Contraceptive Methods in Pakistan: A Contemplative Study of Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990-2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Jabeen ◽  
Adnan Rathor ◽  
Maria Riaz ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract Background A remarkable decline in fertility rates has been observed in many countries, with a primary determinant being an increase in the use of contraceptives. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of demand and supply-side factors associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. Method: Secondary data analysis of four data series of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PDHS 1990–91, 2006–07, 2012–13, and 2017–18) were used. The data includes ever-married women aged 15–49 years who had given birth in the previous five years and participated in the family-planning module of the PDHS. A total number of 25,318 women were included in the analysis. Data was analysed by investigating the associations between independent variables (demand and supply-side factors) and the use of contraceptive measures through unadjusted Odds Ratios (OR) and adjusted OR (AOR). Results A majority of the women were illiterate and not in employment. There was an increase in the number of women who did not use contraceptive methods in rural areas over time. Among demand-side factors, the results indicated that, in 2012–13, women without media exposure were less likely to use contraceptives (OR 0.396, 95% CI 0.353–0.442), and the trend remains almost constant for 2017–18 (OR 0.432, 95% CI 0.391–0.477). These findings change slightly in the adjusted analysis (AOR 0.664, 95% CI 0.562–0.784) in 2012–13 and (AOR 0.654, 95% CI 0.483–0.885) in 2017–18; however, they still show a lower likelihood of using contraceptives without media exposure. Among supply-side factors, the results indicated that absence of transport (2012–13) and limited visits by family-planning workers over the previous 12 months (2006–07, 2012–13, and 2017–18) remained significant factors for not using contraceptive methods. Conclusion The results of the study indicate that certain demand and supply-side factors are associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. It highlights the need for the provision of family-planning resources and further structural factors, particularly in remote areas.

scholarly journals Demand- and supply-side factors associated with the use of contraceptive methods in Pakistan: a comparative study of demographic and health surveys, 1990–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Jabeen ◽  
Adnan Rathor ◽  
Maria Riaz ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract Background A remarkable decline in fertility rates has been observed in many countries, with a primary determinant being an increase in the use of contraceptives. However, the birth rate in Pakistan is still higher compared to the other countries of the region. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of demand- and supply-side factors associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. Methods Secondary data analysis of four data series of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PDHS 1990–1991, 2006–2007, 2012–2013 and 2017–2018) were used. The data includes ever-married women aged 15–49 years who had given birth in the previous five years and participated in the family planning module of the PDHS. A total of 25,318 women were included in the analysis. Data were analysed by investigating the associations between independent variables (demand- and supply-side factors) and the use of contraceptive measures through unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and adjusted OR (AOR). Results The results among demand-side factors indicated that in 2012–2013, women without media exposure were less likely to use contraceptives and the trend remains almost constant for 2017–2018 (AOR = 0.664, 95% CI 0.562–0.784) in 2012–2013 and (AOR = 0.654, 95% CI 0.483–0.885) in 2017–2018. However, they still show a lower likelihood of using contraceptives without media exposure. The results among supply-side factors indicated that absence of transport (2012–2013) and limited visits by family planning workers over the previous 12 months (2006–2007, 2012–2013 and 2017–2018) remained significant factors for not using contraceptive methods. Conclusions The results of the study indicate that certain demand- and supply-side factors are associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. It highlights the need for the provision of family planning resources and further structural factors, particularly in remote areas.

scholarly journals Demand and Supply Side Factors Associated with the Use of Contraceptive Methods in Pakistan: A Contemplative Study of Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990-2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Jabeen ◽  
Adnan Rathor ◽  
Maria Riaz ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract Background A remarkable decline in fertility rates has been observed in many countries, with a primary determinant being an increase in the use of contraceptives. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of demand and supply-side factors associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan.Method Secondary data analysis of four data series of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PDHS 1990–91, 2006–07, 2012–13, and 2017–18) were used. The data includes ever-married women aged 15–49 years who had given birth in the previous five years and participated in the family-planning module of the PDHS. A total number of 25,318 women were included in the analysis. Data was analysed by investigating the associations between independent variables (demand and supply-side factors) and the use of contraceptive measures through unadjusted Odds Ratios (OR) and adjusted OR (AOR).Results A majority of the women were illiterate and not in employment. There was an increase in the number of women who did not use contraceptive methods in rural areas over time. Among demand-side factors, the results indicated that, in 2012–13, women without media exposure were less likely to use contraceptives (OR 0.396, 95% CI 0.353–0.442), and the trend remains almost constant for 2017–18 (OR 0.432, 95% CI 0.391–0.477). These findings change slightly in the adjusted analysis (AOR 0.664, 95% CI 0.562–0.784) in 2012–13 and (AOR 0.654, 95% CI 0.483–0.885) in 2017–18; however, they still show a lower likelihood of using contraceptives without media exposure. Among supply-side factors, the results indicated that absence of transport (2012–13) and limited visits by family-planning workers over the previous 12 months (2006–07, 2012–13, and 2017–18) remained significant factors for not using contraceptive methods.Conclusion The results of the study indicate that certain demand and supply-side factors are associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. It highlights the need for the provision of family-planning resources and further structural factors, particularly in remote areas.

scholarly journals Demand- and Supply-side Factors Associated with the Use of Contraceptive Methods in Pakistan: A Comparative Study of Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990–2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Jabeen ◽  
Adnan Rathor ◽  
Maria Riaz ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract Background: A remarkable decline in fertility rates has been observed in many countries, with a primary determinant being an increase in the use of contraceptives. However, the birth rate in Pakistan is still higher compared to the other countries of the region. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of demand- and supply-side factors associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan.Methods: Secondary data analysis of four data series of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PDHS 1990–91, 2006–07, 2012–13 and 2017–18) were used. The data includes ever-married women aged 15–49 years who had given birth in the previous five years and participated in the family planning module of the PDHS. A total of 25,318 women were included in the analysis. Data were analysed by investigating the associations between independent variables (demand- and supply-side factors) and the use of contraceptive measures through unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and adjusted OR (AOR).Results: The results among demand-side factors indicated that in 2012–13, women without media exposure were less likely to use contraceptives and the trend remains almost constant for 2017–18 (AOR = 0.664, 95 % CI: 0.562–0.784) in 2012–13 and (AOR = 0.654, 95 % CI: 0.483–0.885) in 2017–18; however, they still show a lower likelihood of using contraceptives without media exposure. The results among supply-side factors indicated that absence of transport (2012–13) and limited visits by family planning workers over the previous 12 months (2006–07, 2012–13 and 2017–18) remained significant factors for not using contraceptive methods.Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that certain demand- and supply-side factors are associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. It highlights the need for the provision of family planning resources and further structural factors, particularly in remote areas.

scholarly journals Demand- and Supply-side Factors Associated with the Use of Contraceptive Methods in Pakistan: A Contemplative Study of Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990–2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Jabeen ◽  
Adnan Rathor ◽  
Maria Riaz ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract Background: A remarkable decline in fertility rates has been observed in many countries, with a primary determinant being an increase in the use of contraceptives. However, the birth rate in Pakistan is still higher compared to the other countries of the region. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of demand- and supply-side factors associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan.Method: Secondary data analysis of four data series of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PDHS 1990–91, 2006–07, 2012–13 and 2017–18) were used. The data includes ever-married women aged 15–49 years who had given birth in the previous five years and participated in the family planning module of the PDHS. A total of 25,318 women were included in the analysis. Data were analysed by investigating the associations between independent variables (demand- and supply-side factors) and the use of contraceptive measures through unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and adjusted OR (AOR).Results: The results among demand-side factors indicated that in 2012–13, women without media exposure were less likely to use contraceptives and the trend remains almost constant for 2017–18 (AOR = 0.664, 95 % CI: 0.562–0.784) in 2012–13 and (AOR = 0.654, 95 % CI: 0.483–0.885) in 2017–18; however, they still show a lower likelihood of using contraceptives without media exposure. The results among supply-side factors indicated that absence of transport (2012–13) and limited visits by family planning workers over the previous 12 months (2006–07, 2012–13 and 2017–18) remained significant factors for not using contraceptive methods. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that certain demand- and supply-side factors are associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. It highlights the need for the provision of family planning resources and further structural factors, particularly in remote areas.

scholarly journals Demand and Supply Side Factors Associated with the Use of Contraceptive Methods in Pakistan: A Contemplative Study of Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990-2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Jabeen ◽  
Adnan Rathor ◽  
Maria Riaz ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract Background: A remarkable decline in fertility rates has been observed in many countries, with a primary determinant being an increase in the use of contraceptives. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of demand and supply-side factors associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. Method: Secondary data analysis of four data series of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PDHS 1990–91, 2006–07, 2012–13, and 2017–18) were used. The data includes ever-married women aged 15–49 years who had given birth in the previous five years and participated in the family-planning module of the PDHS. A total number of 25,318 women were included in the analysis. Data was analysed by investigating the associations between independent variables (demand and supply-side factors) and the use of contraceptive measures through unadjusted Odds Ratios (OR) and adjusted OR (AOR). Results: A majority of the women were illiterate and not in employment. There was an increase in the number of women who did not use contraceptive methods in rural areas over time. Among demand-side factors, the results indicated that, in 2012–13, women without media exposure were less likely to use contraceptives (OR 0.396, 95% CI 0.353–0.442), and the trend remains almost constant for 2017–18 (OR 0.432, 95% CI 0.391–0.477). These findings change slightly in the adjusted analysis (AOR 0.664, 95% CI 0.562–0.784) in 2012–13 and (AOR 0.654, 95% CI 0.483–0.885) in 2017–18; however, they still show a lower likelihood of using contraceptives without media exposure. Among supply-side factors, the results indicated that absence of transport (2012–13) and limited visits by family-planning workers over the previous 12 months (2006–07, 2012–13, and 2017–18) remained significant factors for not using contraceptive methods. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that certain demand and supply-side factors are associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. It highlights the need for the provision of family-planning resources and further structural factors, particularly in remote areas.

scholarly journals Demand- and Supply-side Factors Associated with the Use of Contraceptive Methods in Pakistan: A Contemplative Study of Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990–2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Jabeen ◽  
Adnan Rathor ◽  
Maria Riaz ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract Background: A remarkable decline in fertility rates has been observed in many countries, with a primary determinant being an increase in the use of contraceptives. However, the birth rate in Pakistan is still higher compared to the other countries of the region. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of demand- and supply-side factors associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan.Method: Secondary data analysis of four data series of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PDHS 1990–91, 2006–07, 2012–13 and 2017–18) were used. The data includes ever-married women aged 15–49 years who had given birth in the previous five years and participated in the family planning module of the PDHS. A total of 25,318 women were included in the analysis. Data were analysed by investigating the associations between independent variables (demand- and supply-side factors) and the use of contraceptive measures through unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and adjusted OR (AOR).Results: The results among demand-side factors indicated that in 2012–13, women without media exposure were less likely to use contraceptives and the trend remains almost constant for 2017–18 (AOR = 0.664, 95 % CI: 0.562–0.784) in 2012–13 and (AOR = 0.654, 95 % CI: 0.483–0.885) in 2017–18; however, they still show a lower likelihood of using contraceptives without media exposure. The results among supply-side factors indicated that absence of transport (2012–13) and limited visits by family planning workers over the previous 12 months (2006–07, 2012–13 and 2017–18) remained significant factors for not using contraceptive methods.Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that certain demand- and supply-side factors are associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. It highlights the need for the provision of family planning resources and further structural factors, particularly in remote areas.

scholarly journals Time trends in and factors associated with repeat adolescent birth in Uganda: Analysis of six demographic and health surveys

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0231557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinah Amongin ◽  
Annettee Nakimuli ◽  
Claudia Hanson ◽  
Mary Nakafeero ◽  
Frank Kaharuza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Trends ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adolescent Birth

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Stunting among Children under 5 Years in Five South Asian Countries (2014–2018): Analysis of Demographic Health Surveys

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3875
Author(s):  
Nidhi Wali ◽  
Kingsley E. Agho ◽  
Andre M.N. Renzaho
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
The Common ◽  
Nutrition Sensitive ◽  
Children Under 5

South Asia continues to be the global hub for child undernutrition with 35% of children still stunted in 2017. This paper aimed to identify factors associated with stunting among children aged 0–23 months, 24–59 months, and 0–59 months in South Asia. A weighted sample of 564,518 children aged 0–59 months from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (2014–2018) was combined of five countries in South Asia. Multiple logistic regression analyses that adjusted for clustering and sampling weights were used to examine associated factors. The common factors associated with stunting in three age groups were mothers with no schooling ([adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for 0–23 months = 1.65; 95% CI: (1.29, 2.13)]; [AOR for 24–59 months = AOR = 1.46; 95% CI: (1.27, 1. 69)] and [AOR for 0–59 months = AOR = 1.59; 95% CI: (1.34, 1. 88)]) and maternal short stature (height < 150 cm) ([AOR for 0–23 months = 2.00; 95% CI: (1.51, 2.65)]; [AOR for 24–59 months = 3.63; 95% CI: (2.87, 4.60)] and [AOR for 0–59 months = 2.87; 95% CI: (2.37, 3.48)]). Study findings suggest the need for a balanced and integrated nutrition strategy that incorporates nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions with an increased focus on interventions for children aged 24–59 months.

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