scholarly journals Factors Associated with Stunting among Children under 5 Years in Five South Asian Countries (2014–2018): Analysis of Demographic Health Surveys

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3875
Author(s):  
Nidhi Wali ◽  
Kingsley E. Agho ◽  
Andre M.N. Renzaho
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
The Common ◽  
Nutrition Sensitive ◽  
Children Under 5

South Asia continues to be the global hub for child undernutrition with 35% of children still stunted in 2017. This paper aimed to identify factors associated with stunting among children aged 0–23 months, 24–59 months, and 0–59 months in South Asia. A weighted sample of 564,518 children aged 0–59 months from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (2014–2018) was combined of five countries in South Asia. Multiple logistic regression analyses that adjusted for clustering and sampling weights were used to examine associated factors. The common factors associated with stunting in three age groups were mothers with no schooling ([adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for 0–23 months = 1.65; 95% CI: (1.29, 2.13)]; [AOR for 24–59 months = AOR = 1.46; 95% CI: (1.27, 1. 69)] and [AOR for 0–59 months = AOR = 1.59; 95% CI: (1.34, 1. 88)]) and maternal short stature (height < 150 cm) ([AOR for 0–23 months = 2.00; 95% CI: (1.51, 2.65)]; [AOR for 24–59 months = 3.63; 95% CI: (2.87, 4.60)] and [AOR for 0–59 months = 2.87; 95% CI: (2.37, 3.48)]). Study findings suggest the need for a balanced and integrated nutrition strategy that incorporates nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions with an increased focus on interventions for children aged 24–59 months.

scholarly journals Wasting and Associated Factors among Children under 5 Years in Five South Asian Countries (2014–2018): Analysis of Demographic Health Surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4578
Author(s):  
Nidhi Wali ◽  
Kingsley E. E. Agho ◽  
Andre M. N. Renzaho
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Sampling Weights

Child wasting continues to be a major public health concern in South Asia, having a prevalence above the emergency threshold. This paper aimed to identify factors associated with wasting among children aged 0–23 months, 24–59 months, and 0–59 months in South Asia. A weighted sample of 564,518 children aged 0–59 months from the most recent demographic and health surveys (2014–2018) of five countries in South Asia was combined. Multiple logistic regression analyses that adjusted for clustering and sampling weights were used to examine associated factors. Wasting prevalence was higher for children aged 0–23 months (25%) as compared to 24–59 months (18%), with variations in prevalence across the South Asian countries. The most common factor associated with child wasting was maternal BMI [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for 0–23 months = 2.02; 95% CI: (1.52, 2.68); AOR for 24–59 months = 2.54; 95% CI: (1.83, 3.54); AOR for 0–59 months = 2.18; 95% CI: (1.72, 2.77)]. Other factors included maternal height and age, household wealth index, birth interval and order, children born at home, and access to antenatal visits. Study findings suggest need for nutrition specific and sensitive interventions focused on women, as well as adolescents and children under 2 years of age.

scholarly journals Trends in stunting and overweight in Peruvian pre-schoolers from 1991 to 2011: findings from the Demographic and Health Surveys

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 2407-2418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Bjørnøy Urke ◽  
Maurice B Mittelmark ◽  
Martín Valdivia
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Low Educated

AbstractObjectiveTo examine trends in stunting and overweight in Peruvian children, using 2006 WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study criteria.DesignTrend analyses using nationally representative cross-sectional surveys from Demographic and Health Surveys (1991–2011). We performed logistic regression analyses of stunting and overweight trends in sociodemographic groups (sex, age, urban–rural residence, region, maternal education and household wealth), adjusted for sampling design effects (strata, clusters and sampling weights).SettingPeru.SubjectsChildren aged 0–59 months surveyed in 1991–92 (n 7999), 1996 (n 14 877), 2000 (n 11 754), 2007–08 (n 8232) and 2011 (n 8186).ResultsChild stunting declined (F(1, 5149) = 174·8, P ≤ 0·00) and child overweight was stable in the period 1991–2011 (F(1, 5147) = 0·4, P ≤ 0·54). Over the study period, levels of stunting were highest in rural compared with urban areas, the Andean and Amazon regions compared with the Coast, among children of low-educated mothers and among children living in households in the poorest wealth quintile. The trend in overweight rose among males in coastal areas (F(1, 2250) = 4·779, P ≤ 0·029) and among males in the richest wealth quintile (F(1, 1730) = 5·458, P ≤ 0·020).ConclusionsThe 2011 levels of stunting and overweight were eight times and three and a half times higher, respectively, than the expected levels from the 2006 WHO growth standards. The trend over the study period in stunting declined in most sociodemographic subgroups. The trend in overweight was stable in most sociodemographic subgroups.

scholarly journals Time trends in and factors associated with repeat adolescent birth in Uganda: Analysis of six demographic and health surveys

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0231557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinah Amongin ◽  
Annettee Nakimuli ◽  
Claudia Hanson ◽  
Mary Nakafeero ◽  
Frank Kaharuza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Trends ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adolescent Birth

scholarly journals Demand- and supply-side factors associated with the use of contraceptive methods in Pakistan: a comparative study of demographic and health surveys, 1990–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Jabeen ◽  
Adnan Rathor ◽  
Maria Riaz ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract Background A remarkable decline in fertility rates has been observed in many countries, with a primary determinant being an increase in the use of contraceptives. However, the birth rate in Pakistan is still higher compared to the other countries of the region. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of demand- and supply-side factors associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. Methods Secondary data analysis of four data series of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PDHS 1990–1991, 2006–2007, 2012–2013 and 2017–2018) were used. The data includes ever-married women aged 15–49 years who had given birth in the previous five years and participated in the family planning module of the PDHS. A total of 25,318 women were included in the analysis. Data were analysed by investigating the associations between independent variables (demand- and supply-side factors) and the use of contraceptive measures through unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and adjusted OR (AOR). Results The results among demand-side factors indicated that in 2012–2013, women without media exposure were less likely to use contraceptives and the trend remains almost constant for 2017–2018 (AOR = 0.664, 95% CI 0.562–0.784) in 2012–2013 and (AOR = 0.654, 95% CI 0.483–0.885) in 2017–2018. However, they still show a lower likelihood of using contraceptives without media exposure. The results among supply-side factors indicated that absence of transport (2012–2013) and limited visits by family planning workers over the previous 12 months (2006–2007, 2012–2013 and 2017–2018) remained significant factors for not using contraceptive methods. Conclusions The results of the study indicate that certain demand- and supply-side factors are associated with the use of contraceptive measures in Pakistan. It highlights the need for the provision of family planning resources and further structural factors, particularly in remote areas.

scholarly journals Trends in and predictors of pregnancy termination among young women in Nigeria: a multi-level analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys 2003-2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin I Onukwugha ◽  
Monica Magdi ◽  
Ahmed Sarki ◽  
Lesley Smith
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Contraceptive Prevalence ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Three-quarters of pregnancy terminations in Africa are carried out in unsafe conditions. Unsafe abortion is the leading cause of maternal mortality among young women in Sub-Saharan Africa. Greater understanding of the wider determinants of pregnancy termination in this age group could inform the design and development of interventions to mitigate the harm. Previous research has described the trends in and factors associated with termination of pregnancy for women of reproductive age in Nigeria. However, the wider determinants of pregnancy termination have not been ascertained, and data for all women have been aggregated which may obscure differences by age groups. Therefore, we examined the trends in and individual and contextual-level predictors of pregnancy termination among young women aged 15–24 years in Nigeria. Methods We analysed data from the 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018 Nigerian Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS) comprising 45,793 women aged 15–24 years. Trends in pregnancy termination across the four survey datasets were examined using bivariate analysis. Individual and contextual predictors of pregnancy termination were analysed using a three-level binary logistic regression analysis. Results Trends in pregnancy termination declined from 5.8% in 2003 to 4.2% in 2013 then reversed to 4.9% in 2018. The declining trend was greater for women with higher socioeconomic status. Around 17% of the total variation in pregnancy termination was attributable to community factors, and 7% to state-level factors. Of all contextual variables considered, only contraceptive prevalence (proxy for RH service access by young women) at community level was significant. Living in communities with higher contraceptive prevalence increased odds of termination compared with communities with lower contraceptive prevalence (aOR = 4.2; 95% CI 2.7–6.6). At the individual-level, sexual activity before age 15 increased odds of termination (aOR = 2.3; 95% CI 1.9–2.8) compared with women who initiated sexual activity at age 18 years or older, and married women had increased odds compared with never married women (aOR = 3.0; 95% CI 2.5–3.7). Conclusion Our findings highlight the importance of disaggregating data for women across the reproductive lifecourse, and indicates where tailored interventions could be targeted to address factors associated with pregnancy termination among young women in Nigeria.

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