scholarly journals Modeling Eastern Russian High Arctic Geese (Anser fabalis, A. albifrons) during moult and brood rearing with Machine Learning, Open Access GIS and 24 years-long Big Data: Good Evidence for the New Digital Arctic of 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Solovyeva ◽  
Inga Bysykatova-Harmey ◽  
Sergey L. Vartanyan ◽  
Alexander Kondratyev ◽  
Falk Huettmann
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Relative Index ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Bean Goose ◽  
Anser Fabalis

Abstract Many polar species and habitats are now affected by man-made global climate change and underlying infrastructure; it makes for a New Arctic. Arctic grazers, like Eastern Russian migratory populations of Tundra Bean Goose Anser fabalis and Greater White-fronted Goose A. albifrons, are affected along the entire flyway in East Asia, namely China, Japan and Korea. Here we present the best-available long-term 24 years digitized GIS data for the breeding study area (East Yakutia and Chukotka) and its habitats with ISO-compliant metadata. Further, we used seven publically available GIS predictor layers to predict the distribution for these two species within the tundra habitats. We are able to improve on the ecological niche prediction inference for both species by focusing for the first time specifically on biological relevant aspects: post-breeding moulting non-breeders, as well as post-breeding parent birds with broods. We then assessed it with 4 lines of evidence including alternative best-available open access field data from GBIF.org as well as compiled literature and found a good model accuracy in support of our evidence for a robust inference of these new findings. Our predictions indicate a relative index of occurrence (RIO) based on the quantified ecological niche showing more realistic gradual occurrence patterns and that are not fully in agreement with the current strictly applied parsimonious flyway and species delineations. While our predictions are to be improved further, e.g. when synergetic data are made freely available, here we offer the first open access model platform for fine-tuning and future predictions for this otherwise poorly represented region in times of a highly changing industrialized ‘new’ arctic with global repercussions.

scholarly journals Modeling Eastern Russian High Arctic Geese (Anser fabalis, A. albifrons) during moult and brood rearing in the ‘New Digital Arctic’

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Solovyeva ◽  
Inga Bysykatova-Harmey ◽  
Sergey L. Vartanyan ◽  
Alexander Kondratyev ◽  
Falk Huettmann
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Relative Index ◽  
Polar Species ◽  
Bean Goose ◽  
Anser Fabalis

AbstractMany polar species and habitats are now affected by man-made global climate change and underlying infrastructure. These anthropogenic forces have resulted in clear implications and many significant changes in the arctic, leading to the emergence of new climate, habitats and other issues including digital online infrastructure representing a ‘New Artic’. Arctic grazers, like Eastern Russian migratory populations of Tundra Bean Goose Anser fabalis and Greater White-fronted Goose A. albifrons, are representative examples and they are affected along the entire flyway in East Asia, namely China, Japan and Korea. Here we present the best publicly-available long-term (24 years) digitized geographic information system (GIS) data for the breeding study area (East Yakutia and Chukotka) and its habitats with ISO-compliant metadata. Further, we used seven publicly available compiled Open Access GIS predictor layers to predict the distribution for these two species within the tundra habitats. Using BIG DATA we are able to improve on the ecological niche prediction inference for both species by focusing for the first time specifically on biological relevant population cohorts: post-breeding moulting non-breeders, as well as post-breeding parent birds with broods. To assure inference with certainty, we assessed it with 4 lines of evidence including alternative best-available open access field data from GBIF.org as well as occurrence data compiled from the literature. Despite incomplete data, we found a good model accuracy in support of our evidence for a robust inference of the species distributions. Our predictions indicate a strong publicly best-available relative index of occurrence (RIO). These results are based on the quantified ecological niche showing more realistic gradual occurrence patterns but which are not fully in agreement with the current strictly applied parsimonious flyway and species delineations. While our predictions are to be improved further, e.g. when synergetic data are made freely available, here we offer within data caveats the first open access model platform for fine-tuning and future predictions for this otherwise poorly represented region in times of a rapid changing industrialized ‘New Arctic’ with global repercussions.

scholarly journals Anaerobic Methane Oxidation in High-Arctic Alaskan Peatlands as a Significant Control on Net CH4 Fluxes

Soil Systems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley Miller ◽  
Chun-Ta Lai ◽  
Randy Dahlgren ◽  
David Lipson
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Anaerobic Oxidation Of Methane ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Oxidation Of Methane ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Shallow Soils

Terrestrial consumption of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) is a critical aspect of the future climate, as CH4 concentrations in the atmosphere are projected to play an increasingly important role in global climate forcing. Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) has only recently been considered a relevant control on methane fluxes from terrestrial systems. We performed in vitro anoxic incubations of intact peat from Utqiaġvik (Barrow), Alaska using stable isotope tracers. Our results showed an average potential AOM rate of 15.0 nmol cm3 h−1, surpassing the average rate of gross CH4 production (6.0 nmol cm3 h−1). AOM and CH4 production rates were positively correlated. While CH4 production was insensitive to additions of Fe(III), there was a depth:Fe(III) interaction in the kinetic reaction rate constant for AOM, suggestive of stimulation by Fe(III), particularly in shallow soils (<10 cm). We estimate AOM would consume 25–34% of CH4 produced under ambient conditions. Soil genetic surveys showed phylogenetic links between soil microbes and known anaerobic methanotrophs in ANME groups 2 and 3. These results suggest a prevalent role of AOM to net CH4 fluxes from Arctic peatland ecosystems, and a probable link with Fe(III)-reduction.

scholarly journals New localities and distribution models inform the conservation status of the endangered lizard Anolis guamuhaya (Squamata: Dactyloidae) in central Cuba

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-33
Author(s):  
Tomás M. Rodríguez-Cabrera ◽  
Javier Torres ◽  
Carlos A. Mancina ◽  
Ruben Marrero ◽  
Yasel U. Alfonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
New Records ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Niche Modeling ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Area Of Occupancy ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Iucn Criteria

New localities and distribution models inform the conservation status of the endangered lizard Anolis guamuhaya (Squamata: Dactyloidae) from central Cuba. Anolis guamuhaya is known from seven localities restricted to the Guamuhaya Massif in central Cuba and is always associated with mountane ecosystems above 300 m a.s.l. Previous evaluations of the conservation status of the species based on the estimated number of mature individuals have categorized the anole as Endangered. Eight new records of A. guamuhaya are provided here. These double the number of known localities, and two represent the first records of the species in lowland areas, apart from the Guamuhaya Massif. The new records extend the elevational range of the species from 15 m to above 1000 m. We used ecological niche modeling based on all of the locality records, along with what we considered the most appropriate IUCN criteria according to the available information (Criterion B) to reevaluate the conservation status of the species. These new records of A. guamuhaya increase its area of occupancy up to a total of 60 km2 , and its extent of occurrence up to 648 km2 . Despite this increase in geographic range, the species meets the IUCN criteria in the category of Endangered. We used ecological niche modeling to predict possible trends for the species under differing scenarios of global climate change, all of which portend a drastic reduction in area climatically suitable for A. guamuhaya.

Isolation, characterization and multiplex PCR development of Bean Goose (Anser fabalis) microsatellite loci

2015 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 641-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oddmund Kleven ◽  
Rolf T. Kroglund ◽  
Jan E. Østnes
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Bean Goose ◽  
Anser Fabalis

A reinvestigation of collared flagellates in the genus Bicosta Leadbeater with special reference to correlations with climate

1980 ◽  
Vol 290 (1041) ◽  
pp. 431-447 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Spine Length ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Taxonomic Descriptions ◽  
New Information ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Mode Of Attachment

By combining light microscopy and electron microscopy, the range of geographically linked diversity in lorica size and construction has been recorded for each of the three species of Bicosta , on the basis of wild material processed directly from the sea, in many different parts of the world distributed from the high Arctic to the Equator and further south. Characteristic differences in responses to climatic pressures occur. The least sensitive species is B. minor , present throughout the temperature range ( - 1 to 22 °C), but with local differences of size depending on environmental factors other than temperature, the smallest cells having been recorded in south (but not north) Alaska and the largest at Portsmouth (England) and in the Galapagos Islands. The other two species are less tolerant of high temperatures and have not been found above 16 °C though they have crossed the Equator. Both are common in the Arctic, where the largest cells characteristically occur. The most elaborate responses were found in B. spinifera; these apparently resulted from two different factors, namely environmental selection among genetically predetermined biotypes differing in cell size, and environmentally induced local modifications, probably caused by the slowing down of critical developmental stages under the action of cold. The exaggerated spine length compared with cell length, characteristic of many large arctic specimens, is interpreted in this way, the critical stages involved being late in the replication cycle since both in B. minor and B. spinifera the costal strips formed first are the short ones. Other biologically significant observations include new information on the structure of the membrane subtending the protoplast and on its mode of attachment to the lorica, which is different in each of the species. Revised taxonomic descriptions summarizing selected parts of the new findings are given at the end of the paper.

scholarly journals Changes in local distribution and numbers of staging and wintering Bean Geese Anser fabalis in Scania, south Sweden 1977/1978–2016/2017

Ornis Svecica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2–4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Small Area ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Local Distribution ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Bean Goose ◽  
South Sweden ◽  
Anser Fabalis ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Different Parts

Scania in southern Sweden is an important staging and wintering province for the Bean Goose Anser fabalis, especially for the Taiga form A. f. fabalis. Based on counts in October, November and January 1977/1978–2016/2017, and observations of neck-banded individuals, the changes in local distribution are described. When the counts started, large numbers were counted already in October, but autumn numbers steadily decreased as the geese stayed further north in Sweden. The January counts on the other hand increased as the geese wintered in Scania in successively larger numbers rather than leaving Sweden. In January 2017, more than 40,000 or two-thirds of the global population of Taiga Bean Goose were counted in Scania. Within the province, more and more geese concentrated to inland areas and instead of using the Öresund coastal region as in earlier years. Birds from different breeding areas, e.g. from Finland and Sweden, used different parts of Scania. In recent years 3000–9000 of Tundra Bean Geese Anser f. rossicus have been wintering in a small area in northeast Scania.

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