Two-Sided Matching Agents for Electronic Employment Market Design: Social Welfare Implications

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Gates ◽  
Mark E. Nissen
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Market Design ◽  
Welfare Implications

Social Welfare Implications of Development Paradigms

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Midgley
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Welfare Implications

WELFARE EFFECTS OF PATENT PROTECTION IN A GROWTH MODEL WITH R&D AND CAPITAL ACCUMULATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Yibai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Welfare Analysis ◽  
Welfare Effects ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Welfare Implications ◽  
Relative Productivity

This study explores the welfare effects of patent protection in a Romer-type expanding variety model in which R&D and capital accumulation are both engines of growth. It shows that the comparison between the productivity of R&D and that of capital plays an important role in the welfare analysis. When the relative productivity of R&D compared to capital is high (low), social welfare takes an inverted-U shape for (is decreasing in) the strength of patent protection, and the welfare-maximizing degree of patent protection is no greater than (identical to) the growth-maximizing degree. Moreover, the model is calibrated to the US economy and the numerical results support these welfare implications.

Welfare Implications of Congestion Pricing: Evidence from SFpark

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pnina Feldman ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Hsin-Tien Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Congestion Pricing ◽  
Search Costs ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Spatial Search ◽  
Welfare Implications

Problem definition: Congestion pricing offers an appealing solution to urban parking problems—charging varying rates across time and space as a function of congestion may shift demand and improve allocation of limited resources. It aims to increase the accessibility of highly desired public goods and to reduce traffic caused by drivers who search for available parking spaces. At the same time, complex policies make it harder for consumers to make search-based decisions. We investigate the effect of congestion pricing on consumer and social welfare. Academic/practical relevance: This paper contributes to the theory and practice of the management of scarce resources in the public sector, where welfare is of particular interest. Methodologically, we contribute to the literature on structural estimation of dynamic spatial search models. Methodology: Using data from the City of San Francisco, both before and after the implementation of a congestion-pricing parking program, SFpark, we estimate the welfare implications of the policy. We use a dynamic spatial search model to structurally estimate consumers’ search costs, distance disutilities, price sensitivities, and trip valuations. Results: We find that congestion pricing increases consumer and social welfare by more than 4% and reduces search traffic by more than 10% in congested regions compared with fixed pricing. However, congestion pricing may hurt welfare in uncongested regions, in which the focus should be on increasing utilization. Moreover, an unnecessarily complex congestion-pricing scheme makes it difficult for consumers to make search-based decisions. We find that a simpler pricing policy may yield higher welfare than a complex one. Lastly, compared with a policy that imposes limits on parking durations, congestion pricing increases social welfare by allocating the scarce resource to consumers who value it most. Managerial implications: The insights from SFpark offer important implications for local governments that consider alternatives for managing parking and congestion and for public-sector managers who evaluate the tradeoffs between approaches to manage public resources.

scholarly journals Tax-Deductible Pre-Event Catastrophe Loss Reserves: The Case of Florida

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 13-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Milidonis ◽  
Martin F. Grace
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Expected Loss ◽  
Welfare Gains ◽  
Hurricane Andrew ◽  
Loss Distribution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Welfare Implications ◽  
The U.S

After Hurricane Andrew the U.S. Congress entertained proposals to allow insurers to employ tax-deferred loss reserves. Interest was strong at first, but as the events receded interest waned. However, after the most recent severe hurricane seasons the proposals are again being discussed. In this paper we examine the institution of catastrophe loss reserves in a stylized model of insurance provisions. First, we find that the benefits of the tax-deferred loss reserves depend on the actuarial assumptions regarding the expected loss distribution. Second, we make the first attempt at estimating the change in consumer behavior and the social welfare implications for permitting tax deferred loss reserves. In sum, we find under specific circumstances there are large welfare gains for allowing the tax deferral of reserves.

scholarly journals Towards a political economy of welfare in Croatia

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (223) ◽  
pp. 105-136
Author(s):  
Paul Stubbs
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Family Values ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The Social ◽  
Welfare Implications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Font Color

A political economy of social welfare in Croatia explores drivers of, and impediments to, change, addressing the impact of processes of neo-liberalisation, the complexities of regulatory and institutional landscapes and the interactions of nation, familialism, and class. Instead of a stable welfare regime, Croatia?s welfare system is marked by hybridity in the context of a political economy that continues to be crisis- prone. This paper focuses on the social welfare implications of the mix of ?crony?, ?authoritarian? and ?predatory? capitalism present in Croatia since independence. Other than the role of international actors including the World Bank and the European Union, and notwithstanding the lack of political will for reform, we suggest that two broad forces are dominant in shaping social welfare in Croatia. The first is war veterans? associations and their supporters, keen to maintain and even extend their significant benefits in return for continued support for the HDZ party (Croatian Democratic Union), a quasi-institutionalised form of ?social clientelism?. The second is an empowered radical right, promulgating a conservative Catholic agenda of a return to ?traditional? - that is, heteronormative - family values, reinforcing an aggressive Croatian nationalism and advocating ?demographic renewal?. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/EKA2024131E">10.2298/EKA2024131E</a><u></b></font>

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