Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Burke
Keyword(s):  
Direct Attack

The effect of polymeric and model imidazolium halides on the rate of hydrolysis of 4-acetoxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Šorm ◽  
Miloslav Procházka ◽  
Jaroslav Kálal
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Imidazolium Chloride ◽  
First Order ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Ethanol In Water ◽  
Direct Attack

The course of hydrolysis of an ester, 4-acetoxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid catalyzed with poly(1-methyl-3-allylimidazolium bromide) (IIa), poly[l-methyl-3-(2-propinyl)imidazolium chloride] (IIb) and poly[l-methyl-3-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl)imidazolium bromide] (IIc) in a 28.5% aqueous ethanol was investigated as a function of pH and compared with low-molecular weight models, viz., l-methyl-3-alkylimidazolium bromides (the alkyl group being methyl, propyl, and hexyl, resp). Polymers IIb, IIc possessed a higher activity at pH above 9, while the models were more active at a lower pH with a maximum at pH 7.67. The catalytic activity at the higher pH is attributed to an attack by the OH- group, while at the lower pH it is assigned to a direct attack of water on the substrate. The rate of hydrolysis of 4-acetoxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid is proportional to the catalyst concentration [IIc] and proceeds as a first-order reaction. The hydrolysis depends on the composition of the solvent and was highest at 28.5% (vol.) of ethanol in water. The hydrolysis of a neutral ester, 4-nitrophenyl acetate, was not accelerated by IIc.

The M/M/1 queue with mass exodus and mass arrivals when empty

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 192-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anyue Chen ◽  
Eric Renshaw
Keyword(s):  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
High Order ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Positive Recurrence ◽  
Powerful Technique ◽  
Resolvent Approach ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Direct Attack

An M/M/1 queue is subject to mass exodus at rate β and mass immigration at rate when idle. A general resolvent approach is used to derive occupation probabilities and high-order moments. This powerful technique is not only considerably easier to apply than a standard direct attack on the forward p.g.f. equation, but it also implicitly yields necessary and sufficient conditions for recurrence, positive recurrence and transience.

Kinetics, stoicheiometry, and mechanism in the bromination of aromatic heterocycles. I. Aqueous bromination of pyrazole, 1-methylpyrazole, and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
BE Boulton ◽  
BAW Coller
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Potentiometric Titration ◽  
Electrode Potential ◽  
Rate Coefficients ◽  
Molecular Bromine ◽  
Aromatic Heterocycles ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solution ◽  
Direct Attack ◽  
Rate Behaviour ◽  
Bromide Solutions

A procedure is described for monitoring the reactivity of a substrate towards bromine in aqueous bromide solutions, as a function of extent of reaction, by following the changes of electrode potential with time in the intervals between successive periods of electrolysis. ��� The title compounds show 1 : 1 stoicheiometry with substitution in the 4-position. The observed rate behaviour may be understood in terms of direct attack by molecular bromine on the neutral substrate molecules, rate coefficients for dilute aqueous solution at 25�C being: ����� k20(Br2+pyrazole) = 3.8x105 dm3 mol-1 s-1, kH/kD = 1.39;����� k20(Br2+1.methylpyrazole) = 8.0x105 dm3 mol-1 s-1;����� k20(Br2+3,5-dimethylpyrazole) = 1.4x109 dm3 mol-1 s-1, kH/kD = 1.08 Values of pKa(pyrazole-H+) = 2.58 and pKa(3,5-dimethylpyrazole-H+) = 4.11 were determined by potentiometric titration methods.

scholarly journals Detection of DDOS attacks in distributed peer to peer networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.7) ◽  
pp. 1051
Author(s):  
Gera Jaideep ◽  
Bhanu Prakash Battula
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
P2p Network ◽  
Ddos Attacks ◽  
P2p Networks ◽  
Distributed Environment ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
Peer To Peer Networks ◽  
Direct Attack

Peer to Peer (P2P) network in the real world is a class of systems that are made up of thousands of nodes in distributed environments. The nodes are decentralized in nature. P2P networks are widely used for sharing resources and information with ease. Gnutella is one of the well known examples for such network. Since these networks spread across the globe with large scale deployment of nodes, adversaries use them as a vehicle to launch DDoS attacks. P2P networks are exploited to make attacks over hosts that provide critical services to large number of clients across the globe. As the attacker does not make a direct attack it is hard to detect such attacks and considered to be high risk threat to Internet based applications. Many techniques came into existence to defeat such attacks. Still, it is an open problem to be addressed as the flooding-based DDoS is difficult to handle as huge number of nodes are compromised to make attack and source address spoofing is employed. In this paper, we proposed a framework to identify and secure P2P communications from a DDoS attacks in distributed environment. Time-to-Live value and distance between source and victim are considered in the proposed framework. A special agent is used to handle information about nodes, their capacity, and bandwidth for efficient trace back. A Simulation study has been made using NS2 and the experimental results reveal the significance of the proposed framework in defending P2P network and target hosts from high risk DDoS attacks.  

Rupture of a Previously Unruptured Giant Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm after Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass Surgery

Neurosurgery ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 600-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Michael Scott ◽  
Hsiu-Chih Liu ◽  
Robert Yuan ◽  
Lester Adelman
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Giant Aneurysm ◽  
Aneurysm Surgery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Fatal Hemorrhage ◽  
Cerebral Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Direct Attack

Abstract The fatal rupture of a previously unruptured giant middle cerebral artery aneurysm occurred 13 days after an extracranial-intracranial bypass had been carried out, before definitive aneurysm surgery. Alterations in blood flow adjacent to the aneurysm after the bypass may have led to the fatal hemorrhage. After a preliminary extracranial-intracranial bypass procedure, there should be no undue delay in the direct attack on a giant aneurysm, regardless of its mode of presentation.

Stereotaxic clipping of arterial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations

1977 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward I. Kandel ◽  
Vyacheslav V. Peresedov
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Special Device ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arterial Aneurysms ◽  
Direct Attack ◽  
Fine Print

✓ In carefully selected cases of arterial aneurysms and deep-seated arteriovenous malformations (AVM), when direct attack may be dangerous or impossible, the authors advocate stereotaxic clipping. A special device and technique for its application are described. The instrument is introduced through a trephine opening and clipping is monitored by angiography. Successful results have been obtained in 10 operations performed on eight patients, three of whom had arterial aneurysms (two internal carotid and one anterior cerebral-anterior communicating) and five with AVM's.

‘The Idol of State Innovators and Republicans’

2018 ◽  
pp. 149-185
Author(s):  
Paulina Kewes
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Glorious Revolution ◽  
The Glorious Revolution ◽  
Direct Attack

This chapter explores the seventeenth-century afterlife of the most daring political tract of the Elizabethan era, A Conference About the Next Succession to the Crowne of Ingland (1594/5) by the Jesuit Robert Persons. The chapter begins by explaining what is distinctive about A Conference, notably its direct attack on the hereditary principle and on the pre-eminence of the monarchy itself, and gives an overview of its transmission, reception, and appropriation. It goes on to trace the text’s signal and varied influence on Protestant writers from Henry Walker and Henry Parker during the Puritan Revolution and John Somers and Algernon Sidney during the Exclusion Crisis, to the defenders of the ‘Glorious’ Revolution. It thus invites a rethinking of the republican and Whig traditions in English political thought by revealing their dependence on the work of an Elizabethan Jesuit.

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