scholarly journals 431 PB 174 EFFECTS OF FALL APPLIED BORON ON ALMOND FRUIT SET

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 493a-493
Author(s):  
Agnes M.S. Nvomora ◽  
Patrick H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Major Determinant ◽  
Commercial Product ◽  
Flower Buds

Fruit set is a major determinant of nut productivity. Boron has been shown to have a significant influence on flowering and fruit set in a number of crops but less is reported on almond. This paper presents results of foliar application of a B commercial product, Solubor(20.5% B) at a rate of 1,2,3lb/100 gallons to `Butte' and `Mono' almond cultivars Boron at 1 and 2lb increased fruit set in both open and hand pollinated trees by over 100% while 3lb was less effective. The resultant B concentration in flower buds was correlated to B concentration in flowers (R2=0.58) and immature fruits (R2=0.6) but not to summer and fall leaf, pistil, and pollen B concentration or fruit set.

scholarly journals Fall Foliar-applied Boron Increases Tissue Boron Concentration and Nut Set of Almond

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes M.S. Nyomora ◽  
Patrick H. Brown ◽  
M. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Boron Concentration ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Commercial Product ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Fruit Tissue ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Early Fall

Fruit set is the major determinant of productivity in almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill D.A. Webb)] where seed is the commercial product. Boron influences flowering and fruit set in a number of crops, but little has been reported on this subject in almond. Here, we investigated the effect of a fall foliar application of B on fruit set and tissue B concentration in open pollinated `Butte' and `Mono' almond over a 2-year period. Early fall B application significantly increased the vegetative, floral, and fruit tissue B concentration in the subsequent year. The greatest increase in organ B concentration was observed in flower buds, flowers, and hulls. Recent work has demonstrated that B forms a B-sorbitol complex in Prunus species. This B-sorbitol complex is phloem mobile and is transported to sink organs. Here we demonstrate that fall-applied B is absorbed by the leaf and is subsequently transported (presumably as the B-sorbitol complex) to floral buds where it is available to flowers and, hence, influences fruit set and yield. It is concluded that fall foliar-applied B is a useful fertilization strategy that can be used to optimize tissue B concentration in species in which B is phloem mobile. Boron applied at 245 and/or 490 ppm significantly increased fruit set in `Butte' and `Mono' and increased yield of `Butte' in 1994 on open-pollinated trees (yield was not determined in 1993). The highest initial and second fruit set was associated with either the 245 or 490 ppm B treatments in both cultivars and both years. This increased fruit set resulted in yield increases of 53% and 4%, respectively, for `Butte' and `Mono'. Of the two cultivars, `Butte', which had lower tissue B concentration before B application, responded more significantly in yield to B application. Application of 735 ppm B was less effective than either 245 and 490 ppm B; however, no visual symptoms of excess B were observed.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON OVULES ABORTION, SEED SET AND ITS GERMENATION OF TWO ALFALFA CULTIVARS

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khrbeet & Al-Beiruty
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
And Control

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm, College of Agriculture, Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad, Iraq during the period from mid. of March 2012 to mid. of July 2014 to investigate the effects of plant growth regulators and foliar application stages on ovules abortion, seed set and its germination of two alfalfa cultivars. Layout of the experiment was R.C.B.D. arranged in split-split plot with three replications. Cultivars (local and hamedan) were assigned as a main plot and foliar application stages (vegetative growth, flower buds emergence, 50% flowering and 80% flowering) were assigned as sub-plots, while growth regulators (Alar, Ethephon, Naphthalene acetic acid(NAA) and control treatment) were assigned in the sub-sub-plots. Result showed that there were no significant differences between cultivars in all traits. Foliar application of NAA increased No. of ovules per floret (9.11) compare with other treatments, but it was not significantly different compare with Alar. In 1st and 2nd seed crop, plants sprayed with Alar at flower buds emergence stage gave highest seed set (5.17, 6.93) respectively. Percentage of ovules abortion significantly influenced by growth regulaters, folair application stages and their interaction. Since, foliar application of Alar at beginning of flower buds emergence reduce % of ovules abortion (30.89). In general, plants sprayed at vegetation growth stage increased % of seed germination. It was clear from this study that more than 40% of ovules were aborted, this may be one of the reasons for reduction of seed yield in alfalfa, therefore, we recommended to do more researches in this field in order to know the causes of ovules abortion.

EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF BORON AND ZINC ON FRUIT SET AND PRODUCTIVITY OF ALMOND

2011 ◽  
pp. 1007-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. Pandit ◽  
M.S. Wani ◽  
M.A. Mir ◽  
K.M. Bhat ◽  
S.M. Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Foliar Application

Spring frost damage to placental tissues in lowbush blueberry flower buds

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Randall ◽  
Olson and Leonard J. Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Spring Frosts

Closed flower buds and flowers at full bloom of Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. were collected from the field and histologically examined after severe spring frosts. Prior to anthesis, blackened ovarian placentae in closed buds were the only damaged tissues evident; placental damage may interfere with both seed and fruit set. Undetected frost damaged placentae may contribute to losses in commercial yield. Key words: Vaccinium, frost damage, placenta

scholarly journals Prebloom Treatments to Alleviate Cold Injury in Apple

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 807E-807
Author(s):  
E.W. Stover ◽  
T.E. Paine ◽  
W.C. Stiles
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Cold Injury ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
Winter Temperatures

Damage to xylem subtending apple buds is often observed following very low winter temperatures. Reports suggest that prebloom application of boron, zinc, and urea facilitate recovery. Prebloom nutrient treatments were applied to `McIntosh' and `Empire' at three sites in Spring 1994. The following treatments were applied to drip at half-inch green: boron (22.8 mM, solubor); Zn-EDTA (0.75 mM); boron and Zn-EDTA; boron, Zn-EDTA, and urea (59.4 mM). Another treatment used boron and Zn-EDTA at half-inch green, followed by boron, Zn-EDTA, and urea at pink. Spur leaf area, fruit set, fruit size, and seed number were determined. There were no clear treatment effects at the warmest site (mid-winter low –32C); however, this orchard was more variable than other treatment sites. The intermediate site (mid-winter low –37C) had a strong trend of increasing fruit set in `Empire' and `McIntosh' as more nutrients were applied. The combined half-inch green and pink treatment significantly increased fruit set by 23.8% compared to the untreated control. At the coldest site (mid-winter low –42C), `Empire' again displayed a strong trend of increasing fruit set with additional nutrients. All treatments combining boron and zinc significantly increased fruit set. The combined half-inch green and pink treatment increased fruit set by 43%. At this site `McIntosh' did not respond to treatment. However, `McIntosh' trees had continued active growth into late Fall 1993 and sustained severe cold injury in November. Data suggest that, when they were effective, nutrient treatments resulted in increased retention of flower buds on damaged spurs.

scholarly journals Delaying Anthesis of Staminate Pistachio with Paclobutrazol

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 814-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis C. Porlingis ◽  
Demetrios G. Voyiatzis
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Pistacia Vera ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Soil Drench ◽  
Previous Season

Anthesis of an important staminate pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivar (B) in Greece was delayed by foliar paclobutrazol (PBZ) sprays applied in June or July the previous season. A September spray was ineffective. The amount of delay depended on dose (50 to 1000 mg PBZ/liter applied to incipient runoff). Using the same total amount of chemical, one spray was as effective as two sprays 1 month apart. There were no effects on inflorescence fresh weight, pollen production, and pollen germination. Stem elongation was inhibited strongly, but the number of nodes and flower buds per shoot was reduced only slightly. In Expt. 2, two other staminate cultivars (A and C) responded similarly to cultivar B. Treatment effects appeared only during the treatment year, whereas a soil drench was effective for 2 years. PBZ may be able to synchronize the blooming of staminate and distillate pistachio cultivars and result in good fruit set without artificial pollination. Chemical name used: B[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl] -α-(1,1 dimethylethyl)-l H -1,2,4-triazole-l-ethanol (paclobutrazol).

scholarly journals Flower Bud Stage and Chill Hours Influence the Activity of GA3 Applied to Rabbiteye Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. NeSmith ◽  
Gerard Krewer
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Vaccinium Ashei

Individual flower clusters of `Tifblue' rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) were treated with 300 ppm GA at several flower bud stages to determine the activity of the growth regulator in promoting fruit set. Applications were made one time only at a specified stage of flower development, or once followed by a second application. A single application of GA when flower buds had elongated but corollas had not expanded (stage 5) led to the largest increase in fruit set. Two applications of GA, 10 to 18 days apart, increased fruit set compared with a single application at flower developmental stages other than stage 5. Fruit set promoted by a single spray of GA imposed on fully expanded corollas (stage 6) decreased with increasing number of chill hours (350, 520, 760, or 1150). Chemical names used: gibberellic acid (GA).

scholarly journals Effects of the Fall Foliar Urea Application on N Reserves and Fruiting Performance of Gala/M26 Apple Trees in Pot-in-Pot System

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 796A-796
Author(s):  
Pinghai Ding* ◽  
Minggang Cui ◽  
Leslie H. Fuchigami
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Tree Fruit ◽  
Dormant Season ◽  
Foliar Urea

Reserve nitrogen is an important factor for plant growth and fruiting performance in tree fruit crops. The fall foliar urea application appears to be an efficient method for increasing N reserves. The effect of fall foliar urea application on N reserves and fruiting performance were studied with four year old `Gala'/M26 trees grown in 20 gallon containers in a pot-in-pot system from 2001 to 2003 at the Lewis-Brown Horticulture Farm of Oregon State Univ.. The trees were either sprayed with 0 or 2 times 3% urea after harvest in October. Shoot and spur samples were taken at the dormant season for reserve N analysis. Fruit performance was recorded in the following growing season. The fall foliar application significantly increased spur N reserve and had the trend to increase shoot N reserve but not significantly. The fall foliar application significantly increased tree fruit set and cluster fruit set. With normal fruit thinning, fall foliar urea application has the trend to increase both tree yield and average fruit size; without fruit thinning, fall foliar urea application has the trend to increase tree yield. These results indicate that fall foliar urea application an effective method to increase reserve N for maintaining tree yield.

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