scholarly journals Plant Growth and Development of Bush Tea as Affected by Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Nutrition

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1898-1901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nixwell F. Mudau ◽  
Puffy Soundy ◽  
Elsa S. du Toit
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Shoot Mass ◽  
Number Of Branches

Bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides) belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is a popular beverage used as an herbal tea and as medicine for cleansing or purifying the blood, treating boils, headaches, infested wounds, and cuts, and the solutions may also be used as a foam bath. In some parts of South Africa, people drink bush tea for aphrodisiac reasons. Bush tea was grown under varying N, P, and K levels in all four seasons to determine the seasonal nutrient requirements for improved plant growth. Three parallel trials for N, P, or K one at each season were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six treatments replicated eight times. Treatments consisted of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, or 500 kg·ha–1 N, P, or K. Parameters recorded were plant height, number of branches and leaves, fresh and dry stem mass, fresh and dry root mass, stem girth, fresh and dry shoot mass, leaf area and percentage leaf and root tissue N, P, and K. Results of this study demonstrated that, in all trials regardless of season, N, P, or K nutrition increased bush tea fresh and dry shoot mass, plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and leaf area. Regardless of season, the optimum level of N, P and K fertilization for bush tea on growth parameters was 300 kg·ha-1 N or P and 200 kg·ha-1 for K. No significant differences in number of flowers and buds (fall and winter), stem girth, fresh and dry root mass as well as fresh and dry stem mass were obtained.

scholarly journals Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Nutrition Increases Growth and Total Polyphenol Concentrations of Bush Tea in a Shaded Nursery Environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fhatuwani N. Mudau ◽  
Puffy Soundy ◽  
Elsa S. du Toit
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches ◽  
Leaf N

The objective of this investigation was to determine the effects of simultaneous applications of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) nutrition on growth and chemical analysis of bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides). Four consecutive trials were conducted at Morgenzon (Louis Trichardt, Limpopo Province, South Africa), a commercial nursery, one at each season (autumn, winter, spring, and summer) under 50% shade. Treatments comprised three levels of N (300, 350, 400 kg·ha−1), three levels of P (250, 300, 350 kg·ha−1), and three levels K (150, 200, 250 kg·ha−1). The experimental design was a 3 × 3 × 3 factorial experiment arranged in a randomized complete-block design with four replications. Parameters recorded were plant height, number of branches and leaves, fresh and dry stem weight, fresh and dry root weight, stem girth, fresh and dry shoot weight, leaf area, and percent concentration of leaf and root tissue N, P, K, and total polyphenol concentrations as influenced by season in a shaded nursery environment. Treatment combinations of N and P at rates of 300 kg·ha−1 and K at 200 kg·ha−1 increased fresh and dry shoot weight, number of leaves, leaf area, and concentration of total polyphenols. Other treatments did not consistently affect concentrations of leaf N, P, or K during the study period, although the treatment that received combinations of N and P at rates of 300 kg·ha−1 and K at 200 kg·ha−1 always had the highest concentrations of leaf N, P, and K and lowest root N, P, and K concentrations. No differences in plant height, number of branches, number of flower buds (autumn and winter), stem girth, fresh and dry root weight, and fresh and dry stem weight due to treatment combinations were observed.

scholarly journals Effects of Moringa Leaf Extract and Poultry Manure on the Growth Parameters of Sweet Maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Alubiagba D.O ◽  
Ovharhe O.J ◽  
Akparobi S.O
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
Moringa Leaf Extract

This study examined the effects of moringa leaf extract (MLE) and poultry manure (PM) on the growth parameters of sweet maize. The experiment was a Randomized Complete Block Design involving nine treatments: control (no extract), 3% MLE, 6% MLE, 9% MLE, 3% MLE + 15 t/ha–1 PM, 6% MLE + 15 t/ha–1 PM, 9% MLE + 15 t/ha–1 PM, 15 t/ha–1 PM, and 30 t/ha–1 PM. Data on growth parameters including plant height, number of leaves per plant, stem girth, and leaf area were collected and analyzed. The results of the study show that there were significant differences (P = 0.05) among the treatments because plots that received 30 t/ha–1 PM performed best on plant height (193.6 and 152.8 cm) number of leaves (13.1 and 10.2), stem girth (3.75 and 3.22 cm), and leaf area (584.9 and 402.9 cm2) in both early and late season. This was followed by plots that received 9% MLE and 15 t/ha–1 PM, with values of 189.0 and 152.2 cm; 12.5 and 10.0; 3.58 3.15 cm; and 546.2 and 392.2 cm2, respectively. The study concluded that 30 t/ha–1 PM can be used to yield effective growth parameters in sweet maize and is hereby recommended to extension workers for dissemination to farmers

scholarly journals The Effect of Charcoal and NPK Fertilizer on the Growth of Two Peppers Varieties on the Sandy Loamy Soil in Sinyea, Liberia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
James Flomo Gaydaybu ◽  
Moses Mulbah Waiwaiku ◽  
Philip G. S. Ndaloma ◽  
Francis Gbelee ◽  
Lamin K. M. Fatty
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Number Of Branches

This research shows the effect of charcoal and NPK fertilizer on the growth of two pepper (Capsicum annum L) Varieties. The treatment levels were: control (no treatment), charcoal (2 tons ha-1), NPK 15:15:15(150 kg ha-1) and charcoal and NPK combination. The experimental plots were 32 in total with 1.5 squares meter each and treatments were replicated 2 times in each block with 4 blocks in total. The Factorial Design was conducted and fitted with Complete Randomized Block Design Method to assigned plots with treatments and pepper varieties. The growth parameters considered were: plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, leaves length, leaves width and plant diameter. The data analyzed indicated that Local pepper performed better than Jalapeno pepper for all treatments. For plant height charcoal plots performed better than control with these means 28 cm, 64 cm and 72 cm for date 1, 2, and 3 respectively (Date 1, 2 and 3 as 30, 60 and 90 days after transplanting respectively). The Local pepper performed better than Jalapeno in growth with these plant height means 31 cm, 86 cm, and 96 cm for date 1, 2, and 3 respectively. Bigger stem diameters were recorded for the Local pepper and even wider leaf. The Local pepper performed better than the Jalapeno pepper at all levels of growth. The combination of charcoal and NPK had the best growth results over all the treatments.

Influence of chemical and bio fertilizer on growth and yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Moench

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Pankaj Sharma ◽  
A. K. Sharma ◽  
J. P. Singh ◽  
Himanshu Kaushik ◽  
Rajbeer . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Branches

A field experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Research Farm Department of Horticulture, J. V. College, Baraut, Bhagpat during the year 2011 with the cultiver “Arka Anamica” was done in Randomized Block Design (R.B.D) with three replication. The experiments consisted of 16 treatments viz. N1 (80:60:60) NPK (Kg.)/ha, N2 (60:40:40) NPK (Kg.)/ha, N3 (40:20:20) NPK (Kg.)/ha, B1 (Azotobacter) 7kg/ha, B2 (Phosphate Soluble Bacteria) 7kg /ha, B3 (Azotobacter + PSB) and B0 (Control). The Maximum results an different attributes viz. Plant Height (67.30 cm.), No. of leaves per plant (63.95), No. of green pod per branch (3.87), and Area of green pod (48.69 cm2), Days to 50 % germination (7.25) and Days to 50 % flowering (20.06) were recorded under the treatment B3, where as Azotobacter 7 kg/ha + Phosphate Soluble Bacteria 7 kg./ha. Compression to the treatment B1, where as Azotobacter 7 kg/ha and better results like, Number of branches per plant (4.58), leaf area (267.57 cm2), Number of green pod per plant (3.87), Fresh weight per green pod (8.11 gm.) and Green pod yield per plot (3382.56gm.) were recorded under the treatment B3 (Azotobacter 7kg/ha + PSB 7kg/ha), followed by N1 (80:60:60) NPK (Kg.)/ha and minimum results were found under the control.

scholarly journals Field Performance Evaluation of Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) to the Application of Different Organic Wastes under Southwest Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
S. A. Adeosun ◽  
A. O. Togun
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Number Of Branches

Aims: To assess the field establishment of two tea cultivars under Cocoa Pod Husk (CPH) and Poultry Manure (PM). Study Design: Randomized complete block design arranged in Split-plots (cultivars as main plots and organic amendments as sub-plots) with four replications. Place and Duration of Study: Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria stations in Ibadan and Owena, Southwest Nigeria between May 2016 and November 2017 (Rainy and dry seasons of 2016; Rainy season of 2017).  Methodology: Milled CPH and cured PM were applied each at the rates of 150 and 300 kg Nha-1 to established C143 and C318 tea cultivars on the field; unfertilized tea cultivars served as control. Data on number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, plant height and stem diameter were collected on monthly basis; while dry matter was assessed at 15 months after transplanting. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and correlation at α.05. Results: The C143 performed better than C318 and 150 kg Nha-1 of CPH and PM enhanced the vegetative growth and dry matter of tea better than 300 kg Nha-1 in Ibadan and Owena. Cultivar 143 was significantly (P=0.05) better than cultivar 318 in number of leaves, number of branches and stem diameter in Ibadan; and in number of leaves and leaf area in Owena. CPH at 150 kg Nha-1 increased number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, plant height and total dry matter by 135.11, 88.19, 346.12, 65.33 and 428.11% at Ibadan; and by 349.09, 245.41, 376.89, 80.89 and 231.49% at Owena, compared to control. On the interaction, tea cultivar 143 that received 150 kg Nha-1 CPH produced significantly (P=0.05) higher number of leaves, leaf area and total dry matter at Ibadan and Owena. Leaf area was positively correlated with number of leaves (r=0.87) in Ibadan and stem diameter (r=0.80) in Owena. Conclusion: CPH at 150 kg Nha-1 enhanced the growth and dry matter content of C143 tea established on the field in Ibadan and Owena, and is therefore recommended for tea cultivation in Southwest of Nigeria.

scholarly journals Effect of Planting Dates on the Performance of Promising Pigeonpea Genotypes under NEHZ

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 006-008
Author(s):  
Lowrence Kithan ◽  
◽  
Malini B. Sharma ◽  
Akumla Longchar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Branches

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season of 2017 at All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on pigeonpea experimental farm at School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development (SASRD), Nagaland University, Medziphema Campus. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of different dates on performance of some improved pigeonpea varieties. The experiment comprised of three planting dates (1st June, 15th June and 1st July) as factor A and three pigeonpea varieties (UPAS 120, MANAK and PARAS) as factor B. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with three replications. Among growth parameters, maximum plant height (163.2 cm) and number of branches (15.8) were recorded with variety UPAS 120 at first date of sowing (1st June). Among yield parameters, maximum number of pods per plant (114.9) and maximum grain yield (982.2 Kg ha-1) were recorded at first date of sowing (1st June) and with variety UPAS 120 (113.8 and 968.8 Kg ha-1).

scholarly journals Growth Response of Local Cassava to Cutting Models and the Number of Buds

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Tri Mulya Hartati ◽  
Chumidach Roini ◽  
Indah Rodianawati
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Cassava is one of the local food sources that are widely available in almost every region. Cuttings are used to plant cassava, and these cuttings will produce a number of roots and buds. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cuttings slices model and the number of buds on the growth of Tobelo local varieties of cassava. This study employed a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), with the cuttings slices model as the first factor, consisting of three levels, namely: flat slice, one-sided slice and two-sided slice. The second factor is the number of buds, which is divided into three levels, 1 bud, 2 buds and 3 buds. The observation parameters in this study include plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter and leaf area. The results have revealed that the model of two-sided sliced cuttings combined with the number of one bud is the most effective treatment in improving the growth of cassava plants of Tobelo local varieties. The models of one-sided and two-sided oblique cuttings slices yield the highest average value for the parameters of plant height, stem diameter and leaf area, while the treatment with one bud tends to give the best results for the growth parameters.

scholarly journals Efek Pemberian Decanter Solid terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) dengan Media Tanah Bekas Lahan Tambang Batu Bara di Pembibitan Utama

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Anis Tatik Maryani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Soil Medium

<p>Land resource hoarding coal post is supporting agricultural development. Experiment on the use of the media to land former coal mines that are expected to become soil ameliorant media or media after seedlings seeds moved into the field. The purpose of this study is 1) Determining the growth of oil palm seedlings with soil medium former coal mining areas. 2) Determining the decanter solid dose of the best on the growth of oil palm seedlings on former pasture land of coal mines in the main nursery. Design of experiment was randomized block design (RBD) with 7 dose treatment levels of decanter solid, there is no decanter solid, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 g/polybag. Each treatment was replicated four times, so there are 28 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of three plants and as an each of them as plant sample, thus totally there are 84 plants. Observed variables include the increase of plant height, plant diameter (cm) and leaf area (cm<sup>2</sup>) as well as the rate of plant growth and Seed Quality Index. Results of the research show that in general the administration of decanter solid on the growth of seedlings of oil palm with former land area coal mines provide better growth on the plant height, diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, increase the rate of plant growth as well as seed quality index compared to oil palm seedlings without any decanter solid. Decanter solid 400 g/polybag is the best for the growth of oil palm seedlings.</p><em></em>

scholarly journals Characteristics of The Three Cultivar Physiological Growth of Jatropha curcass L. in Two Different Locations Based on Topography

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Kovertina Rakhmi Indriana ◽  
Cucu Suherman ◽  
Santi Rosniawaty ◽  
Sumadi Sumadi ◽  
Dodi Sukmayana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Spore Density ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Glomus Sp ◽  
Number Of Branches

The purpose of this study was to reveal the sensitivity of cross-location based on topography by giving different FMA consortiums to physiological growth characteristics in three Jatropha curcass L. cultivars. Based on these objectives, the nature of this research is verification. Experiments were carried out in two different places based on topography. The trial time starts from November 2017 to May 2018. Experiments A simple randomized block design (RBD) pattern consisting of fifteen treatment combinations is repeated twice. The experimental results showed that the dose of 10 gr FMA consortium (glomus sp., Acaulospora sp., Gigaspora sp.). With the same spore density gave the best performance of Jatropha plant growth in two different locations based on topography. Observation of chlorophyll content in leaves (age 21, 63, 21 DAP in two locations), plant height (age 21, 63, 21 DAP in two locations), stem diameter (age 21, 63, 21 DAP in two locations) and number of branches secondary (age 21 DAP in two locations) there was a significant effect on the single factor of giving the FMA consortium but there was no interaction between location and treatment.

scholarly journals The effect of organic fertilizers on growth several varieties of soybeans

2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012051
Author(s):  
M Rizwan ◽  
M Dalimunthe ◽  
I A Pasaribu ◽  
H Satriawan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract This study aims to analyse the effect of three types of organic fertilizers on the vegetative growth several varieties of soybeans. This study used a factorial randomized block design with two treatment factors, namely organic fertilizers and varieties. The first factor is: organic fertilizer from 3 levels, namely: K1 (1.5 kg of compost), K2 (1.5 kg of goat manure), and K3 (1.5 kg of chicken manure). The second factor is: soybean plant varieties consist of 4 levels, namely: V1 (Dena 1), V2 (Devon 1), V3 (Anjasmoro) and V4 (Derap 1). The parameters observed were plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, amount of chlorophyll, leaf area, and flowering age. The results of our research is organic fertilizers have a significant effect and are able to increase the growth of soybean plants except for leaf area and flowering age. Types of varieties had a significant effect and were able to increase plant height, number of branches, leaf area, and flowering age, but had no significant effect on the parameters of the number of leaves and the amount of chlorophyll. Moreover, there isn't interaction effect between the two treatments for all parameters.

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