scholarly journals Fertigation Uniformity Affected by Injector Type

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina P. Bracy ◽  
Richard L. Parish ◽  
Roger M. Rosendale

Application uniformity of fertilizers and pesticides is critical for crop uniformity, but can be difficult to determine when a fertilizer or chemical (fertigation/chemigation) is applied via drip irrigation or deep irrigation tape. Three injectors (venturi, pump, and proportional) were compared in a greenhouse experiment with a continuous-injecting experimental plot injector for fertilizer distribution uniformity in a drip irrigation system. Injection rate and solution volume were evaluated in a field experiment. Injection rate had a significant effect on fertilizer distribution uniformity. Better fertilizer distribution in the greenhouse experiment was obtained with venturi and proportional injectors. In the field, better distribution was obtained with the 1 gal/min (0.06 L·s-1) positive-displacement pump than with the 3 gal/min (0.19 L·s-1) pump. Injection times were longer with these injectors than with the other treatments, with the exception of the continuous injector. Injectors tested in this experiment will give uniform fertilizer distribution if the injector is properly sized with the water flow rate of the system.

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (30) ◽  
pp. 2298-2305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans ASENSO ◽  
Jiuhao LI ◽  
Hai-Bo CHEN ◽  
Emmanuel OFORI ◽  
Fuseini ISSAKA ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
А.Ш. Халимбеков ◽  
С.А. Курбанов ◽  
Д.С. Магомедова

Представлены материалы экспериментальных исследований по разработке элементов технологии возделывания столовой свеклы на луговых среднесуглинистых почвах сухостепной равнинной зоны Дагестана. Цель исследований – повышение урожайности свеклы столовой на основе выбора оптимальной схемы и густоты посева свеклы сорта Бордо 237, а также применения регулятора роста Биостим Универсал с использованием системы капельного орошения. Фактор А – схемы посева с двумя вариантами: А1 – широкорядный посев с междурядьем 45 см (контроль) и А2 – двустрочный ленточный посев по схеме 20+50. Фактор В – густота посевов с тремя вариантами: В1 – расстояние в ряду через 6 см, В2 – через 8 см и В3 – через 10 см соответственно, что в зависимости от схемы посева обеспечивало густоту посева столовой свеклы от 222 до 473 тыс. шт/га. Фактор С – обработка растений с двумя вариантами: С1 – опрыскивание водой (контроль) и С2 – некорневая подкормка биостимулятором-антистрессантом Биостим Универсал (в фазе 4–6 листа) и при 50%-ном смыкании рядков (в фазе 8–10 листа). Доза применения препарата – 2,0 л/га с расходом рабочего раствора 200–400 л/га. Система капельного орошения состояла из поливных трубопроводов с расстоянием между ними 0,7 м, между капельницами – 0,3 м с расходом воды 2 л/ч. Средний срок посева – первая декада апреля. Поддержание необходимого режима орошения свеклы столовой обеспечивали вегетационными поливами с нормой 125 м3/га при оросительной норме 2875 м3/га. Выявлено, что наиболее оптимальная схема посева столовой свеклы: двустрочный ленточный посев – 20+50 см с расстоянием в ряду через 8 см, которая при двукратной некорневой подкормке препаратом Биостим Универсал в дозе 2,0 л/га с расходом рабочего раствора 200–400 л/га обеспечивает урожайность 59,8 т/га корнеплодов при их высоком качестве. The materials of experimental studies on the development of elements of the technology of cultivation of table beets on meadow medium loamy soils of the dry-steppe plain zone of Dagestan are presented. The purpose of the research is to increase the yield of table beet based on the selection of the optimal scheme and the density of sowing of Bordo 237 beet, as well as the use of a Biostimulator growth regulator using a drip irrigation system. Factor A is a seeding scheme with two options: A1 is a wide-row seeding with a row spacing of 45 cm (control) and A2 is a two-line ribbon seeding according to the scheme 20+50. Factor B is the density of crops with three options: B1 – the distance in a row after 6 cm, B2 – after 8 cm and B3 – after 10 cm, respectively, which, depending on the sowing scheme, provided the density of table beet sowing from 222 to 473 thousand pcs/ha. Factor C – treatment of plants with two options: C1 – spraying with water, control and C2 – foliar feeding with biostimulator-antistressant Biostim Universal (in the phase of 4–6 leaves) and with 50% closure of rows (in the phase of 8–10 leaves). The dose of the biostimulator is 2.0 l/ha with a working solution consumption of 200–400 l/ha. The drip irrigation system consisted of irrigation pipelines with a distance of 0.7 m between them, 0.3 m between droppers with a water flow rate of 2 l/h. The average sowing period is 1 decade of April. Maintenance of the necessary irrigation regime of the canteen beet was provided by vegetation irrigation with a rate of 125 m3/ha with an irrigation rate of 2875 m3/ha. It was revealed that the most optimal scheme for sowing table beets: two-line ribbon sowing – 20+50 cm with a distance in a row through 8 cm, which, with two-fold foliar top dressing with a Biostim Universal at a dose of 2.0 l/ha with a working solution consumption of 200–400 l/ha, provides a yield of 59.8 t/ha of root crops with their high quality.


2021 ◽  
Vol 904 (1) ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
B A AL-Dulaimi ◽  
Sh M AL-Mehmdy

Abstract A field experiment was conducted in Jazeerah Al-Ramadi/Al-Hamidiyah research station (latitude33^o 27^’ 〖 11.9 〗 ^(՚՚)N, longitude 43^o 23^’ ^(՚՚) E (duration 2020. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of pipe types and emitters discharge on performance criteria of surface drip irrigation system. Therefore, a two factorial experiment was set as randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor included the type of pipes and emitters, namely Turbo, GR and T-Tape. While the second factor involved the emitters discharge which consist of two levels i.e., 4 (D4) and 8 (D8) L.h-1. The irrigation system was initially evaluated in the field before planting by testing three operating pressures (50, 100 and 150 Kpa) to determine the actual discharge of the emitters closed to their design discharge (4 and 8 L.h-1) for each emitter to calculate the manufacturing coefficient of variation (CV), distribution uniformity and the discharge variation ratio at each operating pressure. Results showed that the best discharge (Closed to design discharge of 4 L.h-1) was obtained at the 50 Kpa operating pressure which gave 3.99,3.90 and 3.81 L.h-1 when using the T-Tape pipe and GR and Turbo emitter compare when the discharge of 8L.h-1 has been used which gave 7.96, 7.84 and 7.59 L.h-1 when the former pipe and emitters were used. The best coefficient of variation was observed when the T-Tape pipe and GR and Turbo emitter were used with discharge of 4 L.h-1 up to 0.1300, 0.2200 and 0.2600 compare to 0.1300, 0.2700 and 0.3500 when the same former pipe and emitters were used with discharge of 8L. h-1. Similarly, the best distribution uniformity was obtained when the T-Tape pipe and GR and Turbo emitter has been used with discharge of 4 L.h-1 which gave 94.68, 91.74 and 90%. Likewise, the most acceptable variety discharge ratio was observed when the same prior pipe and emitters were used with discharge of 4 L.h-1 by giving 7.23, 11.90 and 12.19 %.


Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Taiane de Almeida Pereira ◽  
Alexandre Reuber Almeida da Silva ◽  
Marcos Makeison Moreira de Sousa ◽  
Cristian De França Santos ◽  
Daniel Lima dos Santos

PRESSÕES DE SERVIÇOS E SEUS EFEITOS NO DESEMPENHO DE UM SISTEMA DE IRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO     TAIANE DE ALMEIDA PEREIRA1; ALEXANDRE REUBER ALMEIDA DA SILVA2; MARCOS MAKEISON MOREIRA DE SOUSA3; CRISTIAN DE FRANÇA SANTOS1 E DANIEL LIMA DOS SANTOS1   1Graduandos em Tecnologia em Irrigação e Drenagem, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará – campus Iguatu, Rodovia Iguatu/Várzea Alegre, Km 05 – Vila Cajazeiras – Iguatu-CE. CEP: 63.503-790; taianeirrigacao@gmail; [email protected]; [email protected]; 2Professores do Curso de Tecnologia em Irrigação e Drenagem, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará – campus Iguatu, Rodovia Iguatu/Várzea Alegre, Km 05 – Vila Cajazeiras – Iguatu-CE. CEP: 63.503-790, [email protected]; 3Mestrando em Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará – campus do Pici, Centro de Ciências Agrárias – CCA/UFC, Bloco 804, Fortaleza CE, CEP: 60.455-760; [email protected].     1 RESUMO   O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a uniformidade de distribuição de em um sistema de irrigação localizada, do tipo gotejamento operando em condições de campo sob diferentes pressões de serviços, por meio da determinação dos Coeficiente de Uniformidade de Christiansen (CUC), do Coeficiente de Uniformidade de Distribuição (CUD) e do Coeficiente de Uniformidade Estatística (Us). Em campo, foram utilizadas 4 linhas laterais escolhidas ao acaso e com o auxílio de proveta e cronômetro, foram aferidos os volumes de água em 4 gotejadores de parede delgada, em três repetição em um tempo de 60 segundos, observando as 3 diferentes pressões de serviço (5,1; 10,2 e 15,3 mca). A média dos valores encontrados para o Coeficiente de Uniformidade de Christiansen (CUC), Coeficiente de Uniformidade de Distribuição (CUD) e o Coeficiente de Uniformidade Estatística (Us) são considerados pela literatura especializada como excelentes.  Todavia, na pressão de serviço de 5,1 mca, a uniformidade de distribuição de água tende a ser comprometida. Infere-se, portanto, que o sistema de irrigação está bem dimensionado evitando assim danos financeiros, independente das pressões de serviços nas quais o mesmo esteja operando.   Palavras-Chave: uniformidade, microirrigação, alturas manométricas.     PEREIRA, T. DE A.; SILVA, A. R. A. DA; SOUSA, M. M. M. DE; SANTOS, C. DE F.; SANTOS, D. L. DOS SERVICE PRESSURES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM     2 ABSTRACT   The objective of this work was to analyze the distribution uniformity of a drip irrigation system located in field conditions under different service pressures, through the determination of the Coefficient of Uniformity of Christiansen (CUC), Coefficient of Distribution Uniformity (CUD) and Statistical Uniformity Coefficient (Us). In the field, 4 randomly selected lateral lines were used and with the aid of a beaker and stop watch, the water volumes were measured in 4 thin-walled drippers in three repetitions in a time of 60 seconds, observing the 3 different service pressures (5.1, 10.2 and 15.3 microns). The mean values found for the Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient (CUC), Uniform Distribution Coefficient (CUD) and the Statistical Uniformity Coefficient (Us) are considered by the specialized literature to be excellent. However, in the service pressure of 5.1 mca, the uniformity of water distribution tends to be compromised. It is inferred, therefore, that the irrigation system is well-sized working, thus avoiding financial damages, regardless of the pressures of services in which it is operating.   Keywords: uniformity, micro-irrigation, manometric heights.


Author(s):  
J.N. Abedalrahman ◽  
R.J. Mansor ◽  
D.R. Abass

A field experiment was carried out in the field of the College of Agriculture / University of Wasit, located on longitude  45o   50o   33.5o   East and latitude 32o 29o 49.8o North, in Spring season of the agricultural season 2019, in order to estimate the water consumption of potato crop using SWRT technology and under the drip irrigation system. The experiment was designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and four treatments that include of the SWRT treatment (the use of plastic films under the plant root area in an engineering style), and the treatment of vegetal fertilizer (using Petmos), organic fertilizer (sheep manure), and the control treatment . Potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.)  var. Burin was planted for spring season on 10/2/2019 at the soil depth of 5-10 cm. The highest reference water consumption for the potato crop during the season was calculated by Najeeb Kharufa, which was 663.03 mm. The highest actual water consumption for the potato crop during the season for the control treatment was 410.1 mm. The results showed increase in the values of the crop coefficient (Kc) in the stages of tubers formation and tubers filling stage as compared to the vegetative and ripening stages, ranged from 1.37-1.92 for the two stages of tubers formation and tubers filling. The SWRT treatment gave the highest water use efficiency during the season, was 3.46 kg m-3 .


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