scholarly journals Comparison of Packing Systems for Injury and Bacterial Soft Rot on Bell Pepper Fruit

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio J. Carballo ◽  
Sylvia M. Blankenship ◽  
Douglas C. Sanders ◽  
David F. Ritchie ◽  
Michael D. Boyette
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Bacterial Soft Rot ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pepper Fruit ◽  
Fruit Decay ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Handling Methods ◽  
The Individual

Commercial packing lines in Sampson County, N.C., were surveyed during two growing seasons to study handling methods on susceptibility of bell pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum L.) to bacterial soft rot (Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora). Samples were taken from two field packers and one packing house in 1991 and from two field packers and four packing houses in 1992. One field packer and one packing house were common to both years. Fruits were either inoculated with bacteria or untreated and stored at 10 or 21C. Damaged fruits were counted and classified as crushed, cut, bruised, abraded, and other injuries. Fruit injury was less dependent on whether the operation was a packing house or a field packing line than on the overall handling practices of the individual grower. In general, packing peppers in packing houses resulted in an increased number of bruises, whereas fruit from field packing lines had more abrasions. More open skin injuries resulted in greater fruit decay. In both years, fruits stored at 10C had less top rot than fruits stored at 21C. In 1992, they also had less pod rot. Dry and chlorinated lines often had equivalent rot problems.

scholarly journals Assessing Susceptibility of Carrot Roots to Bacterial Soft Rot

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1020-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Michalik ◽  
Philipp W. Simon ◽  
Warren H. Gabelman
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Bacterial Soft Rot ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Disease Damage ◽  
Consistent Response

Four methods for screening carrot (Daucus carota L.) germplasm for resistance to bacterial soft rot were compared. There were differences in resistance among strains, with most severe damage caused by Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora SR 394 (L.R. Jones) Holland and Erwinia carotovora pv. atroseptica SR 159 (van Hall) Jennison. Inoculation of cross-sectional root slices with bacteria applied in suspension-soaked paper disks produced the most consistent response. The severity of disease damage was proportional to bacterial suspension concentration. With the development of a standard screening method, it may be possible for breeders to breed carrots with reduced susceptibility to soft rot.

scholarly journals Identification and Pathogenicity of Phytopathogenic Bacteria Associated with Soft Rot Disease of Girasole Tuber

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Mamdoh Ewis ISMAIL ◽  
Montaser Fawzy ABDEL-MONAIM ◽  
Yasser Mahmoud MOSTAFA
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Reducing Substances ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Deep Cavities

During 2010-2011 growing seasons six bacterial isolates were separated from naturally infected girasole plants tubers (Helianthus tuberosus L.) cv. ‘Balady’, showing soft rot, collected from experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, in El-Minia University, Egypt. Pathogenicity tests showed various virulence for the bacteria isolated from girasole tubers, found pathogenic. These organisms were characterized as rod-shaped, Gram negative, α-methyl-d-glucoside medium, reducing substances from sucrose, phos, phatase activity and deep cavities on pectate medium. Otherwise, diagnostic tests suggested that the pathogen was Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora. The isolated bacteria caused soft rot of wounded tubers when inoculated into tissues. The bacterial isolates were compared for their degree of pathogenicity as well as for differences in specific symptoms, induced in different hosts. The tested isolates could infect several host ranges, such as fruits of apricot, apple, olive, lemon, squash, eggplant and potato tubers, bulbs and garlic and onion cloves, roots radish, carrot, sweet potato and rape. On the other hand, no symptoms were exhibited on pods of bean and cowpea, faba bean, fruits of pepper and tomato. The extracts of experimentally diseased girasole tubers were active in pectinase and also in caboxymethyl cellulose at pH 6 compared to enzyme activities in healthy tissues. Also, the isolated bacteria increased the total and reducing sugars in infected tissues.

Erwinia carotovora var. carotovora. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Bradbury
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Bacterial Soft Rot ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Rain Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Erwinia carotovora var. carotovora. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a wide variety of plants affecting particularly their fleshy parts. Elliott (31: 105) lists species belonging to 44 genera as hosts. DISEASE: Bacterial soft rot, a rapidly progressing soft wet rot. The first sign is usually a small water-soaked area, which rapidly enlarges, the tissue becoming soft. In favourable conditions the whole infected organ may become a rotten mass in a few days. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World wide. TRANSMISSION: The bacteria are likely to be present in any natural soil in which there is decaying plant material. They can be transmitted by many different methods, including, rain splash, running water, insects, tools, hands and clothing of workers, machinery, in air-borne particles and aerosols. They may possibly be carried with seed in the attached debris, but this is unhkely to be important in normal agriculture. The organism requires a wound to gain entry, and usually a weakened or sickly plant if the rot is to proceed in the growing plant. Most healthy growing plants are able to exclude the bacteria by laying down corky tissue in response to the wounding.

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