scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Origin of Slovene Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Germplasm as Revealed by AFLP Markers and Phaseolin Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelka Šustar-Vozlič ◽  
Marko Maras ◽  
Branka Javornik ◽  
Vladimir Meglič
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
High Level

There is a long tradition of common bean cultivation in Slovenia, which has resulted in the development of numerous landraces in addition to newly established cultivars. The genetic diversity of 100 accessions from the Genebank of the Agricultural Institute of Slovenia (AIS) were evaluated with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers and phaseolin seed protein. Twenty-seven standard accessions of known Mesoamerican and Andean origin, 10 wild Phaseolus vulgaris accessions and two related species, P. coccineus L. and P. lunatus L., were also included. Ten AFLP primer combinations produced 303 polymorphic bands, indicating a relatively high level of genetic diversity. Based on the marker data, unweighted pair group method with arithmethic mean (UPGMA) analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) all P. vulgaris accessions were separated into three well-defined groups. Two groups consisted of accessions of Mesoamerican and Andean origin, while the third was comprised of only four wild P. vulgaris accessions. A set of Slovene accessions formed a well-defined sub-group within the Andean cluster, showing their unique genetic structure. These data were supported by phaseolin analysis, which also revealed additional variants of “C” and “T” phaseolin types. The results are in agreement with previous findings concerning diversification of common bean germplasm introduced in Europe.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in Populations of Phytophthora citricola Associated with Horticultural Crops in California

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 1556-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Bhat ◽  
G. T. Browne
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Phytophthora Citricola ◽  
High Level

California populations of the plant pathogen Phytophthora citricola were examined for amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), pathogenicity on almond, and sensitivity to mefenoxam. The characterizations of AFLP variation and mefenoxam sensitivity were based on 86 isolates (44 from almond, 11 from avocado, 3 from strawberry, 18 from walnut, and 10 from six other hosts). Cluster analysis of the AFLP data using the unweighted pair group method indicated a high level of genetic diversity among the isolates, and four main clusters were identified—one dominated by isolates from almond, another including all isolates from avocado, and two including isolates from several hosts other than avocado. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 38.4 and 24.9% of the AFLP variation were associated with host and geographical factors, respectively. Of 24 isolates, including those from almond, avocado, strawberry, and walnut, 22 were aggressive on almond shoots; there was no evidence of host specificity. All but 1 of the 86 isolates grew at different rates on V8 juice medium amended with mefenoxam at 1 ppm, indicating partial tolerance to the fungicide. Isolates of P. citricola from California populations are genetically diverse, and much of the variation is associated with host and geography. These populations are all potentially pathogenic on almond and tolerant to mefenoxam.

Evaluation of AFLPs for germplasm fingerprinting and assessment of genetic diversity in cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Hoon Park ◽  
Marilyn A.L West ◽  
Dina A St. Clair
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Phenetic Relationships ◽  
High Bootstrap

Cultivated tomato (L. esculentum L.) germplasm exhibits limited genetic variation compared with wild Lycopersicon species. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to evaluate genetic variation among 74 cultivars, primarily from California, and to fingerprint germplasm to determine if cultivar-specific patterns could be obtained. All 74 cultivars were genotyped using 26 AFLP primer combinations; of the 1092 bands scored, 102 AFLP bands (9.3%) were polymorphic. Pair-wise genetic similarity coefficients (Jaccard and Nei–Li) were calculated. Jaccard coefficients varied from 0.16 to 0.98 among cultivar pairs, and 72% of pair-wise comparisons exceeded 0.5. UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averaging) clustering and principle component analysis revealed four main clusters, I–IV; most modern hybrid cultivars grouped in II, whereas most vintage cultivars grouped in I. Clusters III and IV contained three and two cultivars, respectively. Some groups of cultivars closely related by pedigree exhibited high bootstrap values, but lower values (<50%) were obtained for cluster II and its four subgroups. Unique fingerprints for all 74 cultivars were obtained by a minimum of seven AFLP primer pairs, despite inclusion of some closely related cultivars. This study demonstrated that AFLP markers are effective for obtaining unique fingerprints of, and assessing genetic diversity among, tomato cultivars.Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum, AFLPs, DNA fingerprinting, genetic diversity, phenetic relationships.

Genetic diversity of some surviving on-farm Italian common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) landraces

2005 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 576-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lioi ◽  
A. R. Piergiovanni ◽  
D. Pignone ◽  
S. Puglisi ◽  
M. Santantonio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
On Farm

scholarly journals The genetic diversity and population structure of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) germplasm in Uganda

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (29) ◽  
pp. 2935-2949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okii Dennis ◽  
Tukamuhabwa Phinehas ◽  
Kami James ◽  
Namayanja Annet ◽  
Paparu Pamela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

Mapping genetic factors affecting the reaction to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli in Phaseolus vulgaris L. under field conditions

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1046-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Tar'an ◽  
T E Michaels ◽  
K P Pauls
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the field effects of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap), which causes common bacterial blight (CBB) on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and to identify genetic factors for resistance to CBB using a linkage map constructed with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), simple sequence repeat (SSR), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. One hundred and forty-two F2:4 lines, derived from a cross between 'OAC Seaforth' and 'OAC 95-4', and the parents were evaluated for their field reaction to CBB. In the inoculated plots, the reaction to CBB was negatively correlated with seed yield, days to maturity, plant height, hypocotyl diameter, pods per plant, and harvest index. A reduction in seed yield and its components was observed when disease-free and CBB-inoculated plots were compared. The broad-sense heritability estimate of the reaction to CBB was 0.74. The disease segregation ratio was not significantly different from the expected segregation ratio for a single locus in an F2 generation. The major gene for CBB resistance was localized on linkage group (LG) G5. A simple interval mapping procedure identified three genomic regions associated with the reaction to CBB. One quantitative trait loci (QTL), each on LG G2 (BNG71DraI), G3 (BNG21EcoRV), and G5 (PHVPVPK-1) explained 36.3%, 10.2%, and 42.2% of the phenotypic variation for the reaction to CBB, respectively. Together, these loci explained 68.4% of the phenotypic variation. The relative positions of these QTL on the core common bean map and their comparison with the previous QTL for CBB resistance are discussed.Key words: common bean, molecular markers, common bacterial blight.

Genetic diversity and relationships among Secale L. based on RAMP markers

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang Hai-Ying ◽  
Zheng You-Liang ◽  
Wei Yu-Ming ◽  
Wu Wei ◽  
Yan Ze-Hong
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Transitional Region ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
High Level

AbstractGenetic diversity and relationships among 21 accessions of Secale L., including three species and 10 subspecies, were evaluated using RAMP markers. Forty-one out of 80 (50.5%) RAMP primers, which produced clear and polymorphic bands, were selected for PCR amplification of genomic DNA. A total of 446 bands were amplified from the 41 primers, and 428 of these bands (about 96%) were polymorphic. Three to 19 polymorphic bands could be amplified from each primer, with an average of 10.4 bands. The RAMP-based genetic similarity (GS) values among the 21 Secale accessions ranged from 0.266 to 0.658, with a mean of 0.449. A high level of genetic variation was found between or within the wild populations and the cultivars. Based on the GS matrix, a dendrogram was constructed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA). All 21 accessions could be distinguished by RAMP markers. Clustering results showed that the genetic diversity of Secale based on RAMP markers was correlated with geographical distribution. Six rye cultivars, originating from Poland, Portugal, Mexico, Hungary, Armenia and Ukraine, were clustered into one group. The six countries are all located in the transitional region of broad-leaf forests between maritime and continental temperate zones, with narrow latitude span. In comparison, the other five cultivars from countries scattered over a region with large latitude span were distributed within different groups or subgroups. Genetic relationships based on RAMP markers had great deviation from the original taxonomy. Some subspecies of the same species were distributed within different groups, while some accessions of different species were closely clustered into one subgroup. These results suggest that RAMP markers could be an effective technique for detecting genetic diversity among Secale and give some useful information about its phylogenic relationships.

Genetic diversity in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc) landraces revealed by AFLP markers

Genome ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1175-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
F J Massawe ◽  
M Dickinson ◽  
J A Roberts ◽  
S N Azam-Ali
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Marker Assisted Breeding ◽  
Pair Group

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc), an African indigenous legume, is popular in most parts of Africa. The present study was undertaken to establish genetic relationships among 16 cultivated bambara groundnut landraces using fluorescence-based amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Seven selective primer combinations generated 504 amplification products, ranging from 50 to 400 bp. Several landrace-specific products were identified that could be effectively used to produce landrace-specific markers for identification purposes. On average, each primer combination generated 72 amplified products that were detectable by an ABI Prism 310 DNA sequencer. The polymorphisms obtained ranged from 68.0 to 98.0%, with an average of 84.0%. The primer pairs M-ACA + P-GCC and M-ACA + P-GGA produced more polymorphic fragments than any other primer pairs and were better at differentiating landraces. The dendrogram generated by the UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averaging) grouped 16 landraces into 3 clusters, mainly according to their place of collection or geographic origin. DipC1995 and Malawi5 were the most genetically related landraces. AFLP analysis provided sufficient polymorphism to determine the amount of genetic diversity and to establish genetic relationships in bambara groundnut landraces. The results will help in the formulation of marker-assisted breeding in bambara groundnut.Key words: under-utilized, African legume, molecular markers.

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