Increasing Water Use Efficiency by Crop Management

2015 ◽  
pp. 236-258
Author(s):  
J. W. Pendleton
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Use Efficiency

Alternative and Non-conventional Soil and Crop Management Strategies for Increasing Water Use Efficiency

2020 ◽  
pp. 323-338
Author(s):  
Farah Riaz ◽  
Muhammad Riaz ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Arif ◽  
Tahira Yasmeen ◽  
Muhammad Arslan Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Use Efficiency

Introduction: Can Water Use Efficiency Be Modeled Well Enough to Impact Crop Management?

2009 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Evett ◽  
Judy A. Tolk
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Use Efficiency

Water use efficiency of dryland wheat in the Loess Plateau in response to soil and crop management

2013 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shulan Zhang ◽  
Victor Sadras ◽  
Xinping Chen ◽  
Fusuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Use Efficiency

Soil Type, Climatic Regime, and the Response of Water Use Efficiency to Crop Management

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 814-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Gregory ◽  
Lester P. Simmonds ◽  
Colin J. Pilbeam
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Climatic Regime ◽  
Use Efficiency

Water use efficiency of dryland maize in the Loess Plateau of China in response to crop management

2014 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shulan Zhang ◽  
Victor Sadras ◽  
Xinping Chen ◽  
Fusuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Canopy application of film antitranspirants over the reproductive phase enhances yield and yield-related physiological traits of water-stressed oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Faralli ◽  
Ivan G. Grove ◽  
Martin C. Hare ◽  
Roger D. Boyle ◽  
Kevin S. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Use Efficiency

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) yield is strongly decreased by water deficit, and crop-management solutions are urgently required considering the emerging difficulties in breeding for drought-tolerant varieties. Film-forming antitranspirants (polymers) are agrochemicals that, applied to the crop canopy, mechanically block the stomata and decrease canopy transpiration. In this study, the drought-protection efficacy of an adaxial-surface application at the flowering stage of two film-forming treatments (poly-1-p-menthene and di-1-p-menthene) was investigated in pot-grown, droughted oilseed rape over two glasshouse experiments. Over the drought period, the two compounds reduced leaf stomatal conductance (P < 0.001), and as the soil moisture deficit increased, they sustained carbon assimilation and improved water-use efficiency with differing efficacy. Following the antitranspirant treatments, ABA concentration in leaves and reproductive organs was severely reduced and this was accompanied by significant improvements in leaf and flower–pod water potential. Drought significantly decreased the seed dry matter production of oilseed rape plants, by 39% on average. The treatments significantly increased seed dry matter by 13% (poly-1-p-menthene) and 17% (di-1-p-menthene), on average, compared with the unsprayed droughted plants, as a result of a significant increase in number of pods per plant, by 11% and 13%, respectively. The results suggest that film-forming compounds may be a useful crop-management tool to avoid severe drought-induced yield losses in oilseed rape by improving water-use efficiency and plant water status, thus alleviating ABA signalling under water deficit.

scholarly journals Soil and Crop management relation with water use efficiency in Dryland agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 75-89
Author(s):  
Attia El Gayar
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Use Efficiency

The problem of shortage of water to crops can be resolved by increasing total water supply available to plants, increasing water use relative to other losses and efficient management of scarce water. Biophysically, solutions to many of the problems will require the improvement of soil, water, and crop management at the field, plot, and farm level: first, to increase the capture and retention of incoming (rain) water; and second, to maximize the proportion of that water productively transpired by the crop. Dry land agriculture under rain fed conditions is found mainly in Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and Latin America. In the harsh environments of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and West Asia and North Africa (WANA), water is the principal factor limiting crop yield. A review has been carried out on soil and crop management research that can increase the water use efficiency. The WANA production systems are dominated by cereals, primarily wheat in the wetter and barley in the drier areas, in rotation with mainly food legumes such as chickpea, lentil and forage legumes. The SSA production systems are generally characterized by cereal/legume mixed-cropping dominated by maize, millet, sorghum, and wheat. The major constraints in both regions to crop production are low soil fertility, insecure rainfall, and low-productive genotypes, low adoption of improved soil and crop management practices, and lack of appropriate institutional support. Different cropping systems and accompanying technologies are discussed. Results indicate that there is an advantage to apply these technologies but being function of socio-economic and bio-physical conditions. It is recommended that future research focuses on integrated technology development while taking into account also different levels of scale such as field, village, and watershed.

An Improved Crop Management Increases Grain Yield and Nitrogen and Water Use Efficiency in Rice

Crop Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaguang Xue ◽  
Hua Duan ◽  
Lijun Liu ◽  
Zhiqin Wang ◽  
Jianchang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Use Efficiency

YIELD GAPS AND RESOURCE USE ACROSS FARMING ZONES IN THE CENTRAL RIFT VALLEY OF ETHIOPIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEZEGEBU GETNET ◽  
MARTIN VAN ITTERSUM ◽  
HUIB HENGSDIJK ◽  
KATRIEN DESCHEEMAEKER
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Yield Gaps ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYIn the Central Rift Valley (CRV) of Ethiopia, low productive cereal systems and a declining resource base call for options to increase crop productivity and improve resource use efficiency to meet the growing demand of food. We compiled and analysed a large amount of data from farmers’ fields (>10,000) and experimental data across the CRV from 2004–2009 to quantify yield gaps (Yg) between actual (average and best performing farmers) and experimental (water-limited potential (Yw)) yields of maize and wheat in homogenous farming zones (HFZs). Resource use efficiencies (nutrients and water) of maize and wheat were also analysed to assess spatial variation and scope for improvements. The average (2004–2009) yield gap of maize and wheat in the CRV ranged between 4.2 t ha−1 and 9.2 t ha−1, and 2.5 t ha−1 and 4.7 t ha−1, respectively, across farming zones. The yield gap was lowest in the Central lowlands, where Yw was also lowest, i.e. 6.5 t ha−1 for maize and 4.4 t ha−1 for wheat, compared with Yw in the Eastern highlands (11 t ha−1 for maize and 6.7 t ha−1 for wheat) and Western highlands (10.8 t ha−1 for maize and 5.7 t ha−1 for wheat). The actual nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) application in farmers’ fields was low, as about 46% of maize and 27% of wheat fields did not receive fertilizers, while the average applied mineral fertilizer rates across all farmers (2.6–16.5 kg N ha−1 and 2.2–17.3 kg P ha−1 across HFZs and crops) were far below the recommended rate. On average, the best performing farmers applied 8–20 kg N ha−1 and 5–21 kg P ha−1 ranging across HFZs and crops. Increasing N application to recommended rates had only a small effect on narrowing the yield gap under current farmers’ management. Therefore, the yield gap closure strongly depends on improving other aspects of crop management while paying attention to the interaction with nutrient management. Since rain water use efficiency (seasonal rainfall) of water-limited yields was 12–17.3 kg mm−1 for maize and 7.4–10.6 kg mm−1 for wheat and much higher than that of actual yields (2.7–4.3 kg mm−1 for maize and 2.3–3.5 kg mm−1 for wheat), improving the input use and crop management can increase water use efficiency. A large set of experimental and survey data enabled us to gain insight in the spatial and temporal variation in yield gaps and input rates and in differences between average and the best performing farmers.

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