Feeding Value of Smooth Bromegrass, Bromus Inermis and Meadow Bromegrass, Bromus Erectus 1

1957 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 276-277
Author(s):  
J. M. Scholl ◽  
W. H. Hale ◽  
M. M. Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Meadow Bromegrass ◽  
Bromus Erectus

Success hybrid bromegrass

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Coulman
Keyword(s):  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Bromus Riparius ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Meadow Bromegrass ◽  
Forage Yields ◽  
Prairie Provinces

Success hybrid bromegrass was selected from populations produced by backcrossing smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) with hybrid populations resulting from crosses between meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm.) and smooth bromegrass. Success has a unique array of plant characteristics, some similar to meadow bromegrass, and others more similar to smooth bromegrass; overall, it more closely resembles smooth brome. In regional trials in the prairie provinces of western Canada, Success produced forage yields greater than meadow brome, but lower than smooth bromegrass. In the drier brown soil zone of the prairie provinces, Success was superior to both meadow and smooth bromegrass in forage yield. It was superior to smooth bromegrass in regrowth after cutting and had lower concentrations of acid-detergent fiber than meadow bromegrass. Key words: Hybrid bromegrass, Bromus riparius × Bromus inermis, cultivar description

Productivity, and composition of smooth and meadow bromegrass mixtures with alfalfa under frequent cutting management

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Pearen ◽  
V. S. Baron
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Bromus Riparius ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Cutting Management ◽  
Meadow Bromegrass ◽  
Tiller Density

The value of smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.)–alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) mixtures for pastures in central Alberta is limited by poor seasonal distribution of yield and low alfalfa persistence. Regrowth of meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm.) exceeds that of smooth bromegrass. The effect of these grasses on yield, seasonal distribution and sward composition when grown in mixtures with alfalfa was evaluated. The DM yield of binary mixtures of Carlton or Manchar smooth bromegrass, or Regar meadow bromegrass with Peace or Beaver alfalfa was examined under a four-cut system at three sites in central Alberta for 3 yr. Annual yield was similar at all sites. Alfalfa cultivar did not consistently affect yield, but annual yield of meadow bromegrass-mixtures was 9 to 19% higher than mixture containing smooth bromegrass at Lacombe. Summer and fall production of meadow bromegrass mixtures was 18 to 53% and 40 to 69% greater (P ≤ 0.0001) than smooth bromegrass mixtures. Tiller weight of smooth bromegrass equalled or exceeded that of meadow bromegrass, so superior regrowth of meadow bromegrass mixtures was due to higher tiller density. Over 3 yr, annual yield of the alfalfa component was similar in smooth bromegrass- and meadow bromegrass mixtures, but alfalfa yield decreased (P ≤ 0.0001) 43 to 70% due to dramatic declines in alfalfa stem density. Competition from the associated grass and frequent defoliation reduced alfalfa longevity. Key words: Smooth bromegrass, Bromus inermis Leyss., alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., mixtures, pasture, sward structure

Short Communication: Etiolated growth of hybrid bromegrass (Bromus inermis×B. riparius) compared with smooth bromegrass, meadow bromegrass, crested wheatgrass and tall fescue under grazed or nongrazed conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-445
Author(s):  
C. I. Ward ◽  
H. A. Lardner ◽  
P. G. Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Previous Season ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
Meadow Bromegrass

Ward, C. I., Lardner, H. A. and Jefferson, P. G. 2012. Short Communication: Etiolated growth of hybrid bromegrass ( Bromus inermis × B. riparius ) compared with smooth bromegrass, meadow bromegrass, crested wheatgrass and tall fescue under grazed or nongrazed conditions. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 441–445. Etiolated spring regrowth of hybrid bromegrass was compared with smooth bromegrass, meadow bromegrass, crested wheatgrass and tall fescue under beef steer (Bos taurus) grazed or nongrazed conditions in the previous season over 2 yr in 2006 and 2007. Hybrid bromegrass seeded in 2003 had greater energy reserves than old crested wheatgrass (control) and similar reserves to tall fescue and crested wheatgrass. Hybrid bromegrass can be grazed in similar systems as meadow bromegrass and be expected to maintain sufficient energy reserves for spring growth.

Knowles hybrid bromegrass

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Coulman
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Bromus Riparius ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Meadow Bromegrass

Knowles was selected from hybrid populations resulting from crosses between meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm.) and smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.). It has a unique array of plant characteristics, some similar to meadow bromegrass, and others more similar to smooth bromegrass. In regional trials, Knowles produced hay yields greater than meadow brome, but lower than smooth bromegrass. It was superior to smooth bromegrass in regrowth after cutting. For steer grazing performance, Knowles was equal or superior to its parental species, perhaps due to its lower fiber concentrations at vegetative growth stages. Key words: Hybrid bromegrass, Bromus riparius × Bromus inermis, cultivar description

Breeding for Seed Yield and Seed Quality in Smooth Bromegrass, Bromus inermis Leyss . 1

Crop Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Knowles ◽  
D. A. Cooke ◽  
E. Buglass
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass

SEEDLING PUBESCENCE AS A GENETIC MARKER IN SMOOTH BROMEGRASS (BROMUS INERMIS LEYSS.)

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1163-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. KNOWLES
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Marker ◽  
North American ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Controlled Crosses

Seedlings of a group of North American cultivars of smooth bromegrass were examined at the three-leaf stage for pubescence under greenhouse conditions. Southern strains showed 90–98% strongly pubescent seedlings while northern strains had 60–70% strongly pubescent seedlings. Saratoga, although considered southern in type, was less pubescent than all other cultivars except Polar. The degree of pubescence was greater in spring and early fall plantings than in winter plantings, indicating that pubescence depends on good light and temperature conditions. Strains nearly pure for strong pubescence were formed by repeated cycles of mass selection. Few inbred lines showed uniformity for pubescent or smooth seedlings. Pure-breeding smooth stocks were more difficult to produce than highly pubescent strains. Controlled crosses showed partial dominace for pubescence and little difference between reciprocals. Adjacent plantings of pubescent and smooth seedling stocks showed as much as 45% off-type seedlings from seed produced at the interface of plots. Contamination declined to 10% or less at 10 m from the border.

NITROGENASE ACTIVITY OF ALFALFA GROWN ALONE AND IN MIXTURE WITH GRASS UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 787-791
Author(s):  
H. A. BURITY ◽  
B. E. COULMAN ◽  
M. A. FARIS
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L ◽  
Nodule Tissue

A greenhouse experiment has shown that total nitrogenase activity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is not significantly affected when grown in association with timothy (Phleum pratense L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) or orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) except after initial harvest when decreased alfalfa activity was associated with smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass. It was concluded that mixed cultures of alfalfa with timothy, smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass have no effect on alfalfa N2 fixation. The results also suggest the occurrence of N transference from alfalfa to associated grasses. It is speculated that this transfer is not primarily due to the death of roots and nodule tissue (after harvest), but involves some degree of N excretion during the period before initial harvest.Key words: Alfalfa-grass mixtures, N2-fixation, nodule activity, N-transference

EARLY SEEDLING VIGOUR AND SEED WEIGHT IN RELATION TO BREEDING IN SMOOTH BROMEGRASS, BROMUS INERMIS LEYSS.

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Tossell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Early Seedling

Variability in early seedling vigour was studied in polycross progenies from highly selected plants rated as good in other agronomic characters and in open-pollinated progenies from previously unselected So plants. Differences were found in both groups in rate and per cent emergence, and in height and vigour at 28 days. Considering the variability observed in these characters and the favourable associations found, it appears that early seedling vigour in bromegrass can be improved by selection within the species.Seed weight was closely associated with early seedling vigour. Plants differed widely in seed weight, and in breeding for early seedling vigour it appears that most rapid progress can be made by screening breeding material for seed weight. Because seed weight did not account for all of the differences among progenies in seedling vigour, progenies from high seed weight plants or families should be subjected to a seedling vigour test to further select for this character. The close relationship found between greenhouse and field trials indicates that at least the initial screening can be done in the greenhouse.

Smooth Bromegrass Response to Herbicides as Affected by Time of Application in Relation to Nitrogen Fertilization

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. McCarty ◽  
C. J. Scifres
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Made In

Smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) treated in the fall tended to be more damaged than that treated in the spring, regardless of herbicide. Nitrogen fertilizer reduced the loss in yield resulting from herbicides but was least effective with 1 lb/A of 4-amino-3,4,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram). Laboratory studies showed that roots of smooth bromegrass were the primary site of picloram uptake. Root uptake explained the severe damage in curred from applications of picloram made in the fall. The order of increasing phytotoxicity of herbicides to smooth bromegrass studied in these experiments was 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)<2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (dicamba) < picloram.

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