Coleoptile Length, Seed Size, and Emergence in Intermediate Wheatgrass ( Agropyron intermedium (Host) Beauv.) 1

1965 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. J. Hunt ◽  
D. G. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium

Emergence of Medusahead and Other Grasses from Four Seeding Depths

Weed Science ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Young ◽  
Raymond A. Evans ◽  
Richard E. Eckert
Keyword(s):  
Bromus Tectorum ◽  
Downy Brome ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Desertorum ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
True Leaf

Emergence of 23 medusahead (Taeniatherum asperum(Sim.) Nevski) selections from four seeding depths in two soils was investigated and compared with that of other grasses. Increased depth markedly reduced total emergence of medusahead and variability among selections. Selections of intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium(Host) Beauv) and pubescent wheatgrass (Agropyron trichophorum(Link) Richt.) and downy brome (Bromus tectorumL.), among other grasses, greatly exceeded medusahead in emergence from all depths. Standard crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum(Fisch. ex Link) Schult.) had less emergence than medusahead from all depths. The 3 and 4-inch planting depths exceeded the coleoptile length of medusahead. When medusahead emerged from these depths, the first true leaf was recurved and chlorotic.

Seed size influences the coleoptile length of wheat

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Cornish ◽  
S Hindmarsh
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Seed Width ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Of

Variation in coleoptile length within and between 2 cultivars of semidwarf wheat (Triticum aestivum) was related to seed size. Seeds of cvv. Banks and Kite were separated by sieving for width into the size classes of >2.75, 2.75-250, 2.50-2.25 and 2.25- 2.00 mm. The mean grain weights of ungraded samples were 43.1 mg (Kite) and 34.3 mg (Banks), and for the subsamples were 52.4, 37.9, 30.4 and 20.7 mg (Kite) and 41.4, 33.2, 25.8 and 19.1 mg (Banks). The effect of size class on coleoptile length was significant (P<0.01). Over both cultivars, coleoptile length declined by 0.37 mm per mg reduction in seed weight. Kite produced the longer coleoptiles overall, 87.5 mm compared with 59.0 mm for Banks. However, only 3.3 mm of this difference can be accounted for by the mean difference in seed weight (8.8 mg) and the effect of seed weight on coleoptile length (0.37 mm/mg). Genetic differences, apart from adult plant height, appear to explain most of the difference in coleoptile length between the cultivars. There was considerable genetic variability within genotypes. In Banks, with seed width >2.75 mm (41.4 mg per seed), the lengths of coleoptiles ranged from 24-89 mm (mean 65.1 mm), suggesting considerable scope for the selection of genotypes with longer coleoptiles.

NITRATE ACCUMULATION IN INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lawrence ◽  
F. G. Warder ◽  
R. Ashford
Keyword(s):  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

The effects of six rates of N fertilizer and five frequencies of clipping on the nitrate content of forage from intermediate wheatgrass, Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv., were studied throughout the 1965 growing season.The nitrate content of the forage increased with increasing rates of N fertilizer, and varied with date of harvest. Toxic levels of nitrates (> 2,000 ppm) were found during the period June 5 to July 17 in samples harvested from grass which had been fertilized with 300 and 375 kg/ha of N fertilizer in the spring. Toxic levels were not found in samples from grass fertilized at lower rates. There was an interaction between frequency of clipping and fertilizer rates. At low fertilizer rates the nitrate content of the forage increased as the frequency of clipping was increased, but at the 375-kg/ha rate of fertilizer the opposite was true.It is suggested that fertilizer rates’ in excess of 225 kg/ha N (200 lb/ac N) may result in toxic levels of nitrate in intermediate wheatgrass.

THE PRODUCTIVITY OF INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS AS AFFECTED BY INITIAL HARVEST DATES AND RECOVERY PERIODS

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lawrence ◽  
R. Ashford
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Critical Phase

The productivity of Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv., as influenced by variation in the date of initial harvest and length of recovery period between cuttings, was studied on irrigated land over a 2-year period. Ten initial cutting dates, each spaced 3 days apart, and two recovery periods of 21 days and 42 days, were used. Delaying the initial harvest date resulted in progressively greater dry-matter yields at the first cutting and progressively lower yields at the second cutting. Earlier and later initial cuttings gave higher yields than at the shotblade stage when this species seems to be in a critical phase of development. Grass given a 42-day recovery period between cuttings produced an average dry-matter yield of 3.63 tons per acre over the 2-year period, and 1.71 tons of root material per acre in the first crop year. Comparable yields in tons per acre for grass given a 21-day recovery period were 2.29 for dry matter and 1.31 for root material. Likewise, grass given a 21-day recovery period showed a rapid stand deterioration, whereas that given a 42-day recovery period did not show a reduction. Intermediate wheatgrass is high-yielding if managed properly and not abused by intensive cutting or grazing. It appears to be more suitable for hay production than for pasture.

EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND CLIPPING FREQUENCY ON THE DRY MATTER YIELD AND PERSISTENCY OF INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lawrence ◽  
R. Ashford
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Management Factors

The effects of six rates of N fertilizer and five frequencies of clipping on the dry matter yield and persistency of irrigated intermediate wheatgrass, Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv., were studied during 1961–62 at one site, and 1963–65 at a second site.The dry matter yield increased with increasing rates of N fertilizer, and with longer intervals between clippings. Highest yields were obtained with the 375-kg/ha rate of N fertilizer and the 8-week clipping interval.Fertilizer level did not have a significant effect on either the basal ground cover of grass or the degree of winter injury suffered by intermediate wheat-grass. However, clipping frequency was closely related to both of these factors.Application of a regression analysis to the study of significant interactions among management factors proved to be a very useful statistical approach.

THE LIGNIN CONTENT OF SIX CLONAL LINES OF INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS

1957 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Pigden ◽  
D. H. Heinrichs
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Clonal Line ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Clonal Lines ◽  
Stem Lignin

Six clonal lines of intermediate wheatgrass, Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv., which differed markedly in gross morphological characteristics were cut at the half-bloom stage and separated into leaf and stem. Lignin analyses were made on both leaf and stem in 1951 and again in 1952.Analysis of variance established significant differences (P = 0.05) in per cent lignin content between clonal lines. Highly significant differences (P = 0.01) were found in per cent leaf between lines and in per cent lignin between years. The plants contained the most lignin in the driest year.The clonal line with the finest stems had the lowest lignin content; however, the percentage leaf had a greater effect on lignin content than any other factor studied.

QUALITY OF INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS SEED, WITH AND WITHOUT HULLS

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Kilcher ◽  
T. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium

A study was conducted on the seed of two lines of Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beau v. relating the presence or absence of hulls and age of seed to germination, and the influence of seeding depth upon emergence.Germinability of hulless seed was significantly lower than that or hull-covered seed, and this difference increased only slightly with increased age of seed. In general, the older the seed the greater was the differential between the seedling emergence of the two types of seed.Depth of seeding results showed that seedling emergence from hull-covered seed was far greater than the emergence from hulless seed at all depths tested. Seedling emergence differences between hulless and hull-covered seed were much greater than germination differences between the two. The possible advantages of selection towards a more tenacious hull are indicated.

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