NITRATE ACCUMULATION IN INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lawrence ◽  
F. G. Warder ◽  
R. Ashford
Keyword(s):  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

The effects of six rates of N fertilizer and five frequencies of clipping on the nitrate content of forage from intermediate wheatgrass, Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv., were studied throughout the 1965 growing season.The nitrate content of the forage increased with increasing rates of N fertilizer, and varied with date of harvest. Toxic levels of nitrates (> 2,000 ppm) were found during the period June 5 to July 17 in samples harvested from grass which had been fertilized with 300 and 375 kg/ha of N fertilizer in the spring. Toxic levels were not found in samples from grass fertilized at lower rates. There was an interaction between frequency of clipping and fertilizer rates. At low fertilizer rates the nitrate content of the forage increased as the frequency of clipping was increased, but at the 375-kg/ha rate of fertilizer the opposite was true.It is suggested that fertilizer rates’ in excess of 225 kg/ha N (200 lb/ac N) may result in toxic levels of nitrate in intermediate wheatgrass.

NITRATE ACCUMULATION IN ALTAI WILD RYEGRASS, RUSSIAN WILD RYEGRASS, AND CRESTED WHEATGRASS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-740
Author(s):  
T. LAWRENCE ◽  
G. E. WINKLEMAN ◽  
F. G. WARDER
Keyword(s):  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Desertorum ◽  
Short Period

The effects of three rates of N fertilizer and nine dates of initial harvest on the nitrate content of Altai wild ryegrass (Elymus angustus Trin.), Russian wild ryegrass (Elymus junceus Fisch.) and crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum Fisch. Schult) were studied on irrigated land for 2 yr. The nitrate content of the forage of all three grasses increased with increasing rates of N fertilizer and varied with date of harvest. Toxic levels of nitrates (> 2000 ppm) were found in forage of all three grasses fertilized with 400 kg N/ha. Altai wild ryegrass accumulated toxic levels of nitrates more readily than Russian wild ryegrass and both ryegrasses accumulated toxic levels of nitrate more readily than crested wheatgrass. It is suggested that toxic levels of NO3-N can be expected in Altai and Russian wild ryegrass fertilized with 400 kg N/ha, but crested wheatgrass fertilized at similar rates should have toxic levels for only a short period, if at all.

EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND CLIPPING FREQUENCY ON THE DRY MATTER YIELD AND PERSISTENCY OF INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lawrence ◽  
R. Ashford
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Management Factors

The effects of six rates of N fertilizer and five frequencies of clipping on the dry matter yield and persistency of irrigated intermediate wheatgrass, Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv., were studied during 1961–62 at one site, and 1963–65 at a second site.The dry matter yield increased with increasing rates of N fertilizer, and with longer intervals between clippings. Highest yields were obtained with the 375-kg/ha rate of N fertilizer and the 8-week clipping interval.Fertilizer level did not have a significant effect on either the basal ground cover of grass or the degree of winter injury suffered by intermediate wheat-grass. However, clipping frequency was closely related to both of these factors.Application of a regression analysis to the study of significant interactions among management factors proved to be a very useful statistical approach.

PRODUCTIVITY OF INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS AS INFLUENCED BY DATE OF INITIAL CUTTING, HEIGHT OF CUTTING, AND N FERTILIZER

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. LAWRENCE
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Cutting Height

The interactions of three dates of initial cutting followed by one or two subsequent cuttings, three heights of cutting, and four fertilizer treatments on the dry matter yield, crude protein content, and crude protein yield of intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv.) were studied on irrigated land for 2 yr. Cutting on 15 June during the shot blade stage resulted in severe summer killing. Variation in height of cutting and N fertilizer levels resulted in differences in annual yields. On the basis of the 2-yr mean yield, however, these differences were masked by interaction of these factors with years. Crude protein content of the forage at cut 1 decreased with the deferment of the first cut, was not influenced by height of cutting, but increased with increases in N fertilizer. The yield of crude protein increased with increasing levels of N fertilizer and showed significant interactions for year × date of initial cutting × fertilizer and years × date of initial cutting × height of cutting. Split applications of N fertilizer showed no advantage over a single spring application in either year.

scholarly journals EC Sensitivity of Hydroponically-Grown Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Types in Terms of Nitrate Accumulation

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Noémi Kappel ◽  
Ildikó Fruzsina Boros ◽  
Francia Seconde Ravelombola ◽  
László Sipos
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Saline Condition ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nitrate Level ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Hydroponically Grown ◽  
European Markets

The goal of this research was to investigate the effect of electrical conductivity (EC) levels of the nutrient solution on the fresh weight, chlorophyll, and nitrate content of hydroponic-system-grown lettuce. The selected cultivars are the most representative commercial varieties grown for European markets. Seven cultivars (‘Sintia,’ ‘Limeira,’ ‘Corentine,’ ‘Cencibel,’ ‘Kiber,’ ‘Attiraï,’ and ‘Rouxaï’) of three Lactuca sativa L. types’ (butterhead, loose leaf, and oak leaf) were grown in a phytotron in rockwool, meanwhile the EC level of the nutrient solutions were different: normal (<1.3 dS/m) and high (10 dS/m). The plants in the saline condition had a lower yield but elevated chlorophyll content and nitrate level, although the ‘Limeira’ and ‘Cencibel’ cultivars had reduced nitrate levels. The results and the special characteristic of the lollo-type cultivars showed that the nitrate level could be very different due to salinity (‘Limeira’ had the lowest (684 µg/g fresh weight (FW)) and ‘Cencibel’ had the highest (4396 µg/g FW)). There was a moderately strong negative correlation (−0.542) in the reverse ratio among the chlorophyll and nitrate contents in plants treated with a normal EC value, while this relationship was not shown in the saline condition. Under the saline condition, cultivars acted differently, and all examined cultivars stayed under the permitted total nitrate level (5000 µg/g FW).

Modeling spatial and temporal optimal N fertilizer rates to reduce nitrate leaching while improving grain yield and quality in malting barley

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 105997
Author(s):  
Davide Cammarano ◽  
Bruno Basso ◽  
Jonathan Holland ◽  
Alberto Gianinetti ◽  
Marina Baronchelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

scholarly journals Evaluation of Humic Fertilizers Applied at Full and Reduced Nitrogen Rates on Kentucky Bluegrass Quality and Soil Health

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Alex J. Lindsey ◽  
Adam W. Thoms ◽  
Marshall D. McDaniel ◽  
Nick E. Christians
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Turfgrass Quality ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Soil health and sustainable management practices have garnered much interest within the turfgrass industry. Among the many practices that enhance soil health and sustainability are applying soil additives to enhance soil biological activity and reducing nitrogen (N) inputs—complimentary practices. A two-year study was conducted to investigate if reduced N fertilizer rates applied with humic substances could provide comparable turfgrass quality as full N rates, and whether humic fertilizers would increase biological aspects of soil health (i.e., microbial biomass and activity). Treatments included synthetic fertilizer with black gypsum (SFBG), poly-coated humic-coated urea (PCHCU; two rates), urea + humic dispersing granules (HDG; two rates), urea, stabilized nitrogen, HDG, and a nontreated control. Reduced rates of N with humic substances maintained turfgrass quality and cover, and reduced clipping biomass compared to full N rates. There were no differences in soil physical and chemical properties besides soil sulfur (S) concentration. SFBG resulted in the highest soil S concentration. Fertilizer treatments had minimal effect on microbial biomass and other plant-available nutrients. However, PCHCU (full rate) increased potentially mineralizable carbon (PMC) and N (PMN) by 68% and 59%, respectively, compared to the nontreated control. Meanwhile SFBG and stabilized nitrogen also increased PMC and PMN by 77% and 50%, and 65% and 59%, respectively. Overall, applications of reduced N fertilizer rates with the addition of humic substances could be incorporated into a more sustainable and environmentally friendly turfgrass fertilizer program.

Nitrogen form, time and rate of application, and nitrification inhibitor effects on crop production

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Karamanos ◽  
K. Hanson ◽  
F. C. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Form ◽  
Anhydrous Ammonia ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Better Than

Karamanos, R., Hanson, K. and Stevenson, F. C. 2014. Nitrogen form, time and rate of application, and nitrification inhibitor effects on crop production. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 425–432. Nitrogen management options for anhydrous ammonia (NH3) and urea were compared in a barley–wheat–canola–wheat cropping sequence (2007–2010) at Watrous and Lake Lenore, SK. The treatment design included a factorial arrangement of N fertilizer form (NH3versus urea), nitrification inhibitor application, time of N application (mid-September, mid- to late October, and spring) and four N fertilizer rates (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha−1). Anhydrous ammonia applications at 40 kg N ha−1in 2008 (fall) and in 2010 (all times of application) resulted in wheat yield reductions relative to the same applications for urea. For wheat years, yield was reduced for both fall versus spring N fertilizer applications, when no nitrification inhibitor was applied and the inclusion of nitrification inhibitor maintained wheat yield at similar levels across all times of N fertilizer applications, regardless of form. Protein concentration was approximately 2 g kg−1greater with urea compared with NH3at both sites in 2008 and only at Watrous in 2010. Also, early versus late fall N fertilizer applications consistently increased N concentration of grain only for the 40 and/or 80 kg N ha−1rates. Effects of nitrification inhibitor on N concentration were not frequent and appeared to be minimal. Urea had greater agronomic efficiency (AE) than NH3at the lower N fertilizer rates. The nitrification inhibitor had a positive effect on wheat AE only for early fall N fertilizer applications. It can be concluded that for maximum yields NH3or urea will be suitable if applied at rates of 80 kg N ha−1and greater. If N fertilizer is applied at 40 kg N ha−1, especially in fall without inhibitor, urea is better. In terms of protein concentration for wheat, urea seemed to better than NH3and fall was better than spring application.

scholarly journals Study of nitrate levels in fruits and vegetables to assess the potential health risks in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayhan Uddin ◽  
Mostak Uddin Thakur ◽  
Mohammad Zia Uddin ◽  
G. M. Rabiul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Health Risk Index ◽  
Potential Health

AbstractNitrate is a chemical compound naturally present in fruits and vegetables. This study aims at assessing the nitrate levels and health risks arising from high consumption of fruits and vegetables in Bangladesh. Sixteen species of fruits and vegetables were examined for nitrates using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Photo Diode Array (PDA) detector. Ward’s hierarchical cluster analysis was carried out to identify the cluster of tested fruits and vegetables for the nitrate contents. A point estimate of the daily intake was applied to find the health risks that arise due to elevated levels of nitrate in fruits and vegetables. The results show that root and tuber vegetables accumulate significantly higher levels of nitrate in comparison to fruits and fruit vegetables (P < 0.05). In cluster analysis, the nitrate accumulation of fruits and vegetables show four clear clusters contributing to 29.54%, 7.17%, 4.42%, and 58.57% of the total nitrate content in the entire sample. The risk assessment of the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and Health Risk Index (HRI) of almost all the tested samples was in the acceptable range, except for radish, thereby indicating the acceptance of risk due to nitrate intake in Bangladesh. As nitrate may have had risk factor for health, during cultivation and storing the product should be properly monitored.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document