Agronomic Performance in Acid Soils of Wheat Lines Selected for Hematoxylin Staining Pattern

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major factor limiting barley growth in acid soils, and genotypes with adequate level of tolerance are needed for improving barley adaptation in Brazil. To study the inheritance of Al tolerance in Brazilian barleys, cultivars Antarctica 1, BR 1 and FM 404 were crossed to sensitive Kearney and PFC 8026, and intercrossed. Parental, F1, F2 and F6 generations were grown in nutrient solution containing 0.03, 0.05 and 0.07 mM of Al and classified for tolerance by the root tip hematoxylin staining assay. Tolerant by sensitive F2 progenies segregated three tolerant to one sensitive, fitting the 3:1 ratio expected for a single gene. The F6 populations segregated one tolerant to one sensitive also fitting a monogenic ratio. The F2 seedlings from crosses among tolerant genotypes scored the same as the parents. Since the population size used would allow detection of recombination as low as 7%, the complete absence of Al sensitive recombinants suggests that tolerance in these cultivars is most probably, controlled by the same gene. Thus, the potential for improving Al tolerance through recombination of these genotypes is very low and different gene sources should be evaluated.

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Rapid screening for aluminum tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.)

Genetics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1590/s1415-47572000000400024 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 847-850 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Carlos Daniel Giaveno ◽

José B. Miranda Filho

Keyword(s):

Aluminum Toxicity ◽

Aluminum Tolerance ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Rapid Screening ◽

Intense Staining ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Tolerant Plants ◽

Hematoxylin Staining ◽

Two Populations

A significant decrease in maize grain yield due to aluminum toxicity is considered to be one of the most important agricultural problems for tropical regions. Genetic improvement is a useful approach to increase maize yield in acid soils, but this requires a rapid and reliable method to discriminate between genotypes. In our work we investigated the feasibility of using hematoxylin staining (HS) to detect Al-tolerant plants at the seedling stage. The original population along with two populations obtained after one cycle of divergent selection were evaluated by net root growth (NRG) and HS after 7 days in nutrient solution. Results showed a negative correlation between NRG and HS in all populations, in which sensitive plants, characterized by low NRG, exhibited more intense staining than tolerant plants. These results indicate that HS is a useful procedure for selecting Al-tolerant maize seedlings.

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Performance of dihaploid wheat lines obtained via anther culture

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162003000100007 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 43-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marcus Vinicius Salomon ◽

Carlos Eduardo de Oliveira Camargo ◽

Armando Petinelli Jr. ◽

Joaquim Adelino de Azevedo Filho

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Leaf Rust ◽

Anther Culture ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Culture Technique ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Hybrid Plants ◽

Wheat Lines

The anther culture technique has been used in breeding programs to obtain haploid plants from hybrid plants of F1 generation and to develop more efficiently wheat cultivars. To study the behavior of dihaploid wheat lines and two check cultivars, IAC-24 and IAC-289, experiments were carried out under sprinkler irrigation at Monte Alegre do Sul, SP, Brazil, in an Haplic Acrisol and at Tatuí, SP, Brazil, in a Rhodic Ferrasol, during the years 1999 and 2000. Genotypes were evaluated for grain yield, 100 grain weight, plant height, resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici Rob. Desm.) and lodging. The genotypes were also evaluated under laboratory conditions for their Al+3 toxicity tolerance using nutrient solutions. The line 8, originated from ANA/IAC-24 cross, presented high grain yield, semidwarf plant type, heavy grain, leaf rust resistance and tolerance to Al+3 toxicity. The lines 4, 11, 12 and 14, also presented high tolerance to Al+3 toxicity in association to grain yield above 3.000 kg ha-1. These lines are suitable to be used in breeding programs to develop cultivars for acid soils.

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Agronomic Performance of Hexaploid Wheat Lines Derived from Direct Crosses between Wheat and Aegilops squarrosa1)

Plant Breeding ◽

10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb01285.x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 105 (4) ◽

pp. 271-277 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

T. S. Cox ◽

J. H. Hatchet ◽

B. S. Gill ◽

W. J. Raupp ◽

R. G. Sears

Keyword(s):

Hexaploid Wheat ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Wheat Lines

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RAPID PREDICTION OF ALUMINUM TOLERANCE IN ALFALFA

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.5.755d ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 755d-755 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Powell ◽

R. Kelley ◽

G. Yang ◽

M. Kamp-Glass

Keyword(s):

Staining Pattern ◽

Aluminum Tolerance ◽

The United States ◽

Forage Legumes ◽

Sensitive Species ◽

Tolerance Level ◽

Potting Medium ◽

Rapid Prediction ◽

Hematoxylin Staining ◽

Aluminum Saturation

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), one of the most important forage legumes in the United States, has been recognized as an aluminum-sensitive species (Kemp-Glass et al., 1993). Hematoxylin staining has been used to evaluate differences in root growth and stain uptake between sensitive and resistant individuals in wheat (Ruiz-Torres et al., 1992). Attention in this study is focused on the hematoxylin staining pattern because the procedure is simple and rapid. Ten alfalfa cultivars were used: `Apollo', `ARC', `Foundation Vemal', `Shenandoah', `Spreador 2', `WL 311', `Saranac', `Saranac AR', `Cimarron', and `Cimarron VR'. Twenty seeds of each were stained in a solution of hematoxylin for 2 days. After staining, the seedlings were transferred to a potting medium for 14 days. After 14 days, plantlets were transferred to Porters soil (pH 4.5, 80% aluminum saturation) and grown in the greenhouse for 60 days. After 60 days, fresh and dry root and shoot weights were taken. Root length densities were determined and these parameters were compared to the tolerance level predicted by hematoxylin stain. Results of stain correlate with biomass at highly significant levels and will be of great use in the development of an acid/aluminum-tolerant alfalfa.

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The staining pattern of the tropomyosin sequence is displayed in a new paracrystal

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100142372 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 150-151

Author(s):

M.K. Lamvik ◽

L.L. Klatt

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Sequence ◽

Staining Pattern ◽

Banding Patterns ◽

Mass Thickness ◽

New Form

Tropomyosin paracrystals have been used extensively as test specimens and magnification standards due to their clear periodic banding patterns. The paracrystal type discovered by Ohtsuki1 has been of particular interest as a test of unstained specimens because of alternating bands that differ by 50% in mass thickness. While producing specimens of this type, we came across a new paracrystal form. Since this new form displays aligned tropomyosin molecules without the overlaps that are characteristic of the Ohtsuki-type paracrystal, it presents a staining pattern that corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the molecule.

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