Evaluation of Soybean Cultivars with the Rps1k Gene for Partial Resistance or Field Tolerance to Phytophthora sojae

Crop Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 2427-2436 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Ferro ◽  
C. B. Hill ◽  
M. R. Miles ◽  
G. L. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

Isolation, Storage, Pathotype Characterization, and Evaluation of Resistance for Phytophthora sojae in Soybean

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E. Dorrance ◽  
Sue Ann Berry ◽  
Terry R. Anderson ◽  
Chuck Meharg
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

Phytophthora sojae is effectively managed through soybean cultivars with single resistance genes (Rps) and partial resistance inherited quantitatively. There are over 50 described races of Phytophthora sojae, but many more pathotypes have been reported. Many of the isolates recently collected are more complex, causing disease on plants with 3 or more Rps genes. This diagnostic guide provides some standard assays to assist in the identification of virulence types of P. sojae and genetic resistance in soybean. Accepted for publication 4 October 2007. Published 18 January 2008.

scholarly journals Effect of Partial Resistance on Phytophthora Stem Rot Incidence and Yield of Soybean in Ohio

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Dorrance ◽  
S. A. McClure ◽  
S. K. St. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Rps Gene ◽  
Disease Pressure

Phytophthora root and stem rot of soybean commonly causes losses in both stand and yield in Ohio. Environmental conditions which favor the pathogen typically occur in many areas of the state during late spring and summer. This study examined the performance of 12 soybean cultivars with partial resistance, with or without Rps genes, to different populations of Phytophthora sojae and various levels of disease pressure. The soybean cultivars were evaluated in seven field environments with and without metalaxyl over 4 years. There was a highly significant genotype-environment interaction which was due in part to variable disease pressure. The incidence of Phytophthora stem rot in subplots ranged from 0 to 10 plants in the most susceptible cultivar, Sloan, while significantly less stem rot developed in cultivars with high levels of partial resistance or partial resistance combined with an Rps gene in three of the seven environments. Metalaxyl applied in-furrow had a significant effect on early and final plant populations as well as yield (P < 0.001) in two of the seven environments, and for yield (P = 0.05) in one environment. This indicates that at these two environments, 2001 Lakeview and VanBuren, early season Phytophthora disease was controlled with the in-furrow fungicide treatment. When diverse populations of P. sojae were present, yields from soybean cultivars with high levels of partial resistance were significantly higher than those with low levels of partial resistance. Soybean cultivars with specific resistance genes Rps1k, Rps1k + Rps6, or Rps1k +Rps3a had higher yields than plants with only partial resistance in environments where race determination indicated that the populations of P. sojae present were not capable of causing disease on plants with the Rps1k gene. However, in an environment with very low disease pressure, yields of soybean cultivars with partial resistance were not significantly different from those with single Rps genes or Rps gene combinations. These results demonstrate that genetic traits associated with high levels of partial resistance do not have a negative effect on yield. Soybean cultivars that had the most consistent ranking across environments were those with moderate levels of partial resistance in combination with either Rps1k or Rps3a.

Comparison of Phytophthora sojae populations in Iowa and Nebraska to identify effective Rps genes for Phytophthora stem and root rot management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashelle Matthiesen-Anderson ◽  
Clarice Schmidt ◽  
Vinicius C. Garnica ◽  
Loren Giesler ◽  
Alison E Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Rps Gene ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

Phytophthora stem and root rot (PSRR) of soybean, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae, is prevalent in Iowa and Nebraska. Reducing losses to PSRR primarily relies on growing cultivars with specific resistance (Rps) genes. Predominant genes used in commercial soybean cultivars include Rps 1a, Rps 1c, Rps 1k, and Rps 3a. Knowing which Rps gene to deploy depends on knowledge of which genes are effective against the pathogen. From 2016 to 2018, 326 isolates of P. sojae from were recovered from fields in Iowa and Nebraska and classified into pathotypes based on their virulence on 15 soybean genotypes. A total of 15 and 10 pathotypes were identified in Iowa and Nebraska, respectively. Almost all isolates were virulent on Rps 1a, while over 70% of isolates were virulent on Rps 1c and Rps 1k. Only 2.3% of isolates from Iowa were virulent on Rps 3a. Among commercial soybean cultivars tested in the Illinois Soybean Variety trials from 2010 to 2020, Rps 1c was always the most frequently reported gene followed by Rps 1k. In contrast, Rps 1a and Rps 3a were present in less than 10% and less than 5 % of the cultivars tested, respectively. Since many of the P. sojae isolates in our study were virulent on Rps 1a, Rps 1c, and Rps 1k, soybean cultivars with these genes are unlikely to provide protection against PSRR unless they have a high level of partial resistance.

scholarly journals Analysis of Genes Underlying Soybean Quantitative Trait Loci Conferring Partial Resistance to Phytophthora sojae

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hehe Wang ◽  
LaChelle Waller ◽  
Sucheta Tripathy ◽  
Steven K. St. Martin ◽  
Lecong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Trait Loci

scholarly journals Races of Phytophthora sojae and Their Virulences on Soybean Cultivars in Heilongjiang, China

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuzhen Zhang ◽  
Pengfei Xu ◽  
Junjiang Wu ◽  
Allen G. Xue ◽  
Jinxiu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Rps Gene ◽  
First Time ◽  
Important Disease

Phytophthora root and stem rot, caused by Phytophthora sojae, is an economically important disease of soybean (Glycine max) in Heilongjiang Province, China. The objectives of this research were to determine the race profile of P. sojae in Heilongjiang and evaluate soybean cultivars for reactions to the pathogen races. A total of 96 single-zoospore P. sojae isolates were obtained from soil samples collected from 35 soybean fields in 18 counties in Heilongjiang from 2005 to 2007. Eight races of P. sojae, including races 1, 3, 4, 5, 9, 13, 44, and 54, were identified on a set of eight differentials, each containing a single resistance Rps gene, from 80 of the 96 isolates. Races 1 and 3 were predominant races, comprising 58 and 14 isolates, and representing 60 and 7% of the pathogen population, respectively. Races 4, 5, 44, and 54 were identified for the first time in Heilongjiang, and each was represented by two to three isolates only. Sixty-two soybean cultivars commonly grown in Heilongjiang Province were evaluated for their resistance to the eight P. sojae races identified using the hypocotyl inoculation technique. Based on the percentage of plant mortality rated 5 days after inoculation, 44 cultivars were resistant (<30% mortality) to at least one race. These cultivars may be used as sources of resistance in soybean breeding programs.

scholarly journals Pathotype and Genetic Shifts in a Population of Phytophthora sojae Under Soybean Cultivar Rotation

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 614-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Stewart ◽  
N. Abeysekara ◽  
A. E. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Resistant Cultivar ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Continuous Rotation

Changes in pathotype structure of Phytophthora sojae populations have been attributed to deployment of race-specific resistant Rps genes in soybean that have been incorporated into commercial cultivars to reduce losses due to Phytophthora root and stem rot. To test this hypothesis, a cultivar rotation study was established from 2007 through 2010 in microplots at a site in Iowa with no history of soybean cultivation. All microplots were inoculated with P. sojae isolate PR1, race 1 (vir 7) prior to planting in year 1. Six rotations were tested: (i) continuous planting of a P. sojae-susceptible cultivar, (ii) continuous planting of a cultivar with high partial resistance to the pathogen, (iii) continuous planting of a cultivar with the Rps 1k gene, (iv) annual rotation of a susceptible with a resistant cultivar, (v) annual rotation of a partially resistant cultivar with a cultivar with the Rps 1k gene, and (vi) 4-year rotation of cultivars with Rps 1k, 1c, 3a, and 1k genes in year one, two, three, and four, respectively. The diversity of 121 isolates of P. sojae that were recovered by baiting from soil samples collected from the experiment were assessed using pathotyping and eight microsatellite markers, and compared with PR1. Changes in pathotype and multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were recorded at the second sampling date, indicating that P. sojae has the ability to evolve quickly. In total, 14 pathotypes and 21 MLGs were recovered over the 4-year experiment, and only 49 and 22% of the isolates had the same pathotype and MLG, respectively, as PR1. The number of isolates of P. sojae recovered varied among rotations, with more isolates recovered from rotations that included a cultivar with partial resistance. Gain of virulence was detected on Rps 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, and 3a and was not dependent on rotation. Using simple-sequence repeat analysis, 10 alleles that were different from those of PR1 were detected throughout the 4-year period. Cultivar rotation affected the genetic structure of the P. sojae population. Recovery of isolates with different MLGs, genotypic diversity (G = 4.7), and gene diversity (UHe = 0.45) were greater under continuous rotation with partial resistance. Phytophthora root and stem rot causes economic losses in the north-central region of the United States annually. An improved understanding of the effect of Rps gene deployment on P. sojae diversity would lead to improved management practices and reduced losses.

Association mapping for partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUTAO SUN ◽  
NA GUO ◽  
JUN LEI ◽  
LIHONG LI ◽  
GUANJUN HU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Association Mapping ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Glycine Max L

scholarly journals Response of Ancestral Soybean Lines and Commercial Cultivars to Rhizoctonia Root and Hypocotyl Rot

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 1091-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Bradley ◽  
G. L. Hartman ◽  
R. L. Nelson ◽  
D. S. Mueller ◽  
W. L. Pederson
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Maturity Groups

Rhizoctonia root and hypocotyl rot is a common disease of soybean caused by Rhizoctonia solani. There are no commercial cultivars marketed as resistant to Rhizoctonia root and hypocotyl rot, and only a few sources of partial resistance to this disease have been reported. Ninety ancestral soybean lines, maturity groups (MGs) 000 to X, and 700 commercial cultivars, MGs II to IV, were evaluated for resistance to R. solani under greenhouse conditions. Most of the ancestral lines and cultivars evaluated were susceptible; however, 21 of the ancestral lines and 20 of the commercial cultivars were partially resistant. Of the 21 ancestral lines, CNS, Mandarin (Ottawa), and Jackson are in the pedigree of cultivars previously reported as being partially resistant to R. solani. In an additional study, dry root weights of 21 soybean cultivars were evaluated after inoculation with R. solani. Variation in dry root weight occurred among cultivars, but there was not a significant (P = 0.05) correlation between dry root weight and disease severity.

scholarly journals Novel quantitative trait loci for partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae in soybean PI 398841

2013 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungwoo Lee ◽  
M. A. Rouf Mian ◽  
Leah K. McHale ◽  
Hehe Wang ◽  
Asela J. Wijeratne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Trait Loci
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