New SIMS reference materials for measuring water in upper mantle minerals

Anisotropy is a common property of the Earth's crust and the upper mantle; it is related to the strain field of the medium and therefore to geodynamics. In this paper we describe the different possible origins of anisotropic behavior of the seismic waves and the seismological techniques used to define anisotropic bodies. In general it is found that the fast polarization direction is parallel to the absolute plate motion in cratonic areas, to the spreading direction near rifts or extensional zones, and to the main structural features in transpressive regimes. The delay times between fast and slow waves reflect the relative strength and penetration at depth of the deformation field. The correspondence between surface structural trends and anisotropy in the upper mantle, found in many regions of the world, strongly suggest that orogenic processes involve not only the shallow crust but the entire lithosphere. Recently in Italy both shear wave splitting analysis and Pn inversion were applied to define the trend of seismic anisotropy. Along the Northern Appeninic arc fast directions follow the strike of the arc (i.e., parallel to the strike of the Miocene-Pleistocene compressional features), whereas in the Tyrrhenian zone fast directions are about E-W SW-NE; parallel to the post-Miocene extension that is thought to have reoriented the mantle minerals fabric in the astenosphere.

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Hydrogen partitioning between nominally anhydrous upper mantle minerals and melt between 3 and 5 GPa and applications to hydrous peridotite partial melting

Chemical Geology ◽

10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.12.006 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 262 (1-2) ◽

pp. 42-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 122

Author(s):

Travis J. Tenner ◽

Marc M. Hirschmann ◽

Anthony C. Withers ◽

Richard L. Hervig

Keyword(s):

Partial Melting ◽

Upper Mantle ◽

Mantle Minerals

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Hydrogen in nominally anhydrous upper-mantle minerals: concentration levels and implications

European Journal of Mineralogy ◽

10.1127/ejm/12/3/0543 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 543-570 ◽

Cited By ~ 208

Author(s):

Jannick Ingrin ◽

Henrik Skogby

Keyword(s):

Upper Mantle ◽

Mantle Minerals ◽

Concentration Levels

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Single-crystal elasticity of iron-bearing phase E and seismic detection of water in Earth's upper mantle

American Mineralogist ◽

10.2138/am-2019-7084 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (10) ◽

pp. 1526-1529 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Niccolò Satta ◽

Hauke Marquardt ◽

Alexander Kurnosov ◽

Johannes Buchen ◽

Takaaki Kawazoe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sound Wave ◽

Upper Mantle ◽

Stiffness Tensor ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

Brillouin Spectroscopy ◽

Shear Moduli ◽

Mantle Minerals ◽

Wave Velocities ◽

Seismic Detection ◽

Iron Bearing

Abstract The elastic properties of Mg2.12(2)Fe0.21(2)Ni0.01Si1.15(1)O6H2.67(8) phase E single crystals with Fe3+/ΣFe = 0.25(3) have been determined by Brillouin spectroscopy at ambient conditions. We find that that the elasticity of iron-bearing phase E is described by the six independent stiffness tensor components (all in units of GPa): C11 = 192.2(6), C12 = 56.4(8), C13 = 43.5(8), C14 = –4.3(3), C33 = 192.1(7), C44 = 46.4(3). The Voigt-Reuss-Hill averages of bulk and shear moduli are 95.9(4) and 59.6(2) GPa, respectively. The aggregate velocities of iron-bearing phase E are νP = 7.60(2) and νS = 4.43(1) km/s, markedly lower than those of major mantle minerals at ambient conditions. Modeling based on our results suggests that the presence of iron-bearing phase E may reduce the sound wave velocities in upper mantle and transition zone rocks, making it a possible target for future seismological investigations aiming to map hydration in subducting slabs.

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Dissolution Rates of Upper Mantle Minerals in an Alkali Basalt Melt at High Pressure: An Experimental Study and Implications for Ultramafic Xenolith Survival

Journal of Petrology ◽

10.1093/petrology/27.5.1157 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 1157-1182 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

M. BREARLEY ◽

C. M. SCARFE

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

High Pressure ◽

Upper Mantle ◽

Alkali Basalt ◽

Ultramafic Xenolith ◽

Dissolution Rates ◽

Mantle Minerals ◽

Basalt Melt

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Experimental study of formation of chromian priderite and yimengite as products of modal mantle metasomatism

Доклады Академии наук ◽

10.31857/s0869-56524866709-713 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 486 (6) ◽

pp. 709-713

Author(s):

V. G. Butvina ◽

S. S. Vorobey ◽

O. G. Safonov ◽

D. A. Varlamov ◽

G. V. Bondarenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Upper Mantle ◽

Mantle Peridotite ◽

Mantle Metasomatism ◽

Mantle Minerals ◽

Silicate Inclusions ◽

Chromium Spinel ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Indicator Minerals ◽

The Relationship

The article presents the data of a series of experiments on the synthesis of exotic titanates (priderite and yimengite) as a result of the reproduction of metasomatic conditions of transformation of mantle minerals (chromite, ilmenite). It was first synthesized chromian priderite not containing Ba. The experiments showed the possibility of crystallization of this mineral as a reaction product of high-chromium spinel and rutile with potassium aqueous carbonate fluid (melt) in the upper mantle. In particular, the obtained experimental data allow us to interpret the relationship between K-Cr-priderite and carbonate-silicate inclusions in chromites of Bohemian garnet peridotites. In the experimental study of the reaction of chromite and ilmenite with aqueous potassium-carbonate fluid (melt) obtained both phases of titanates (priderite and yimengite) - indicator minerals, mantle metasomatism, which directly confirms the possibility of formation of yimengite and K-Cr-priderite and other titanates, the result of mantle metasomatism of upper mantle peridotite under conditions of the highest activity of potassium.

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