Farm Land Reform is Necessary and Emergent in China

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rundong Liu
Keyword(s):  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
AGUS WAHYUDI ◽  
SUCI WULANDARI ◽  
I KETUT ARDANA

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Lahan usahatani yang sempit merupakan faktor utama penyebab<br />kemiskinan di wilayah pedesaan. Reformasi agraria dengan redistribusi<br />lahan sering dianggap sebagai jalan efektif untuk mengatasi kemiskinan.<br />Pengalaman di beberapa negara ternyata tidak selalu demikian. Mengingat<br />bahwa wilayah usahatani mete merupakan wilayah yang memiliki tingkat<br />kemiskinan yang tinggi maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis<br />pola pengaruh penambahan lahan usahatani mete terhadap peningkatan<br />pandapatan petani di dua wilayah dengan kondisi agribisnis yang berbeda.<br />Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-Juli 2002 di Propinsi Sulawesi<br />Tenggara sebagai salah satu sentra produksi mete yang dapat dijadikan<br />gambaran kondisi Indonesia. Kabupaten Buton mewakili kondisi agribisnis<br />yang belum berkembang dan Kendari mewakili yang berkembang (dua<br />kabupaten yang terbesar populasi rumah tangga mete). Pengambilan<br />contoh acak sederhana digunakan untuk menarik contoh responden dengan<br />satuan contoh usahatani mete, masing-masing 156 dan 136 untuk Buton<br />dan Kendari. Data dianalisis melalui regresi, dengan variabel independen<br />luas lahan usahatani (L) dan variabel dependen pendapatan usahatani (I),<br />diperoleh fungsi derivatifnya terhadap L untuk Buton ∂I B /∂L B  =<br />131.925L B 2 – 502.858L B –510.069 (penambahan pendapatan positif mulai<br />4,6 ha); dan Kendari ∂I K /∂L K = -20.967L K 2 +21.0694L K –113.550 (penam-<br />bahan pendapatan positif mulai 0,6 ha dan cenderung menurun setelah 5<br />ha). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa efektifitas penambahan lahan usahatani<br />terhadap pendapatan petani ternyata berbeda pada wilayah yang kondisi<br />agribisnisnya berbeda. Pada wilayah yang belum berkembang (seperti<br />Buton), penambahan lahan kurang efektif dapat meningkatkan pendapatan<br />untuk melampaui garis kemiskinan, dan penambahan baru efektif lebih<br />besar dari 5 ha. Sedangkan pada wilayah yang sudah berkembang (seperti<br />Kendari) penambahan lahan sudah efektif dengan penambahan 1,5 ha.<br />Pengembangan agribisnis tersebut antara lain melalui pengembangan pola<br />tanam dan industri hilir (pengolahan sederhana) sangat efektif untuk<br />meningkatkan pendapatan petani yang memiliki lahan sempit, dan<br />efektifitas ini akan semakin meningkat bila ditunjang dengan peningkatan<br />akses pasar melalui perbaikan infrastruktur.<br />Kata kunci : Mete, Anacardium occidentale L, lahan usahatani, pendapatan<br />petani, kemiskinan, agribisnis</p><p><br />ABSTRACT<br />Effectiveness of farm land addition to additional income<br />Small farm is the main factor that causes poverty incidence in rural<br />area. Land reform through land redistribution is often taken for granted as<br />an effective way to alleviate poverty. However, experiences in some<br />countries do not always prove it. Since cashew farm areas generally<br />coincide with high poverty incidence, hence this research aimed to analyze<br />effectiveness of farm land addition to the additional income in two areas<br />with different condition of agribusiness. The District of Buton is as<br />representative of underdeveloped agribusiness and Kendari District<br />represents the developed one, both districts have the largest cashew<br />population in the Province of Southeast Sulawesi, as one of the main<br />cashew area in Indonesia. Data were collected in June-July 2002. The<br />simple random sampling was used to determine respondents and cashew<br />farm as unit of sample, and the sample size was 156 and 136 units<br />respectively for Buton and Kendari. Data were analyzed with regression<br />analysis, where cashew farm land size (L) was used as independent<br />variable and farmer’s income (I) as dependent variable. The derivative<br />function to L obtained is ∂I B /∂L B = 131.925L B 2 –502.858L B –510.069<br />(Buton) (additional income will be positive, larger than 4.6 ha); and<br />∂I K /∂L K = -20.967L K 2 +21.0694L K –113.550 (Kendari) (additional income<br />will be positive, larger than 0.6 ha). The result showed that the<br />effectiveness of land addition to increase farmer’s income was proved<br />different in different agribusiness conditions. In underdeveloped area (like<br />Buton), the land addition was less effective to increase income over the<br />poverty line and it would be effective if the addition was larger than 5 ha.<br />While in developed area (like Kendari), the addition of land was effective<br />by adding 1.5 ha. Developing agribusiness condition could be conducted<br />by developing cropping system and forwarding home industry<br />(processing). The development will be more effective if it is supported by<br />improving market access through improvement of infrastructure.<br />Key words : Cashew, Anacardium occidentale L, farm land, farmer’s<br />income, poverty, agribusiness</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Rizka Refliarny ◽  
Herawan Sauni ◽  
Hamdani Ma'akir

This study raises the issue of agrarian reform draft under the reign of President Joko Widodo. Agrarian reform became a priority program in the RPJMN of 2015-2019. Based on this matter, the writer analyzes the concept of agrarian reform during the reign of Joko Widodo terms of BAL. The nature of the study was a normative research with statute approach, which was done in four ways, namely descriptive, comparative, evaluative and argumentative. The results showed that the agrarian reform draft during the reign of Joko Widodo is a concept of land stewardship and land reform. The economic system leads to a form of capitalism. It is necessary to conduct refinement of content and material of BAL implementation in order to achieve the justice and the welfare of the nation and the State. The agrarian reform program should be carried out in stages in order to obtain the desired results. It requires the will, ability and active involvement of all elements of the state.


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Thomas

This article uses the career and writings of the Highland land reformer Alexander Mackenzie, to shed new light on the evolution of Highland land reform in the years leading up to the Crofters' Act of 1886. Mackenzie's output as a writer and journalist shows that his early experiences of living and working on the land are vital to understanding his approach to the land question, and led him to focus not on abstract or ideal principles but on building popular consensus to secure the most pressing reforms. This moderate and pragmatic approach was not universally popular though, especially among Mackenzie's more radical reformist contemporaries. The tensions these disagreements created are symptomatic of the problems that beset the ‘Crofting Community’ in the 1880s and ‘90s: problems that would eventually cause the land reform movement to split. Nevertheless, Mackenzie's influence on the Crofters’ War was huge, and deserves greater scholarly recognition.


1956 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Shea, Jr.
Keyword(s):  

1955 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Frank J. Moore
Keyword(s):  

1958 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
R. P. Dore
Keyword(s):  

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