scholarly journals Technological Abundance for Global Agriculture: The Role of Biotechnology

Author(s):  
Calestous Juma
Keyword(s):  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boglarka Szerb ◽  
András Bence Szerb ◽  
Arnold Csonka

Today global agriculture is confronted in several areas with various interests in environmental protection. The global food economy will face major challenges in the coming decades. There is a need to use new technologies that can increase productivity while preserving natural resources and biodiversity, in a climate-friendly way and by maintaining site-specific ecosystem services. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential role of agroforestry systems in the sustainable development of global food production. In order to achieve this goal, we carried out the systematic processing of international and domestic literature and secondary data.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wadie Othmani

Abstract As an exploratory and theoretical reflection for future articles discussing the perceived green/health qualities of tunisian food as a tourist promotion argument, the article is based on the assumption that the COVID-19 pandemic would have more impact in countries whose population has an immune system weakened by food overtreated with pesticides, and that the Mediterranean food culture, which offers foods with little or no pesticide treatment, is the best diet to develop the necessary immunity to resist COVID-19 and, by extension, resist other pandemics. To demonstrate this, the thematic map technique was used to cross-reference several masses of official statistical data. The results suggest four main categories of countries in relation to the link between deaths from COVID-19 and the use of pesticides in agriculture. This study demonstrates, therefore, the weakness, if not the inaccuracy, of certain hypotheses which are circulating or have circulated in recent months and that attempt to explain each country's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, assumptions such as the role of quarantine in containing the pandemic, the role of the BCG vaccine and the role of heat will prove unreliable. On the other hand, the hypothesis the paper will defend is that of the role of a healthy Mediterranean and flexitarian diet in strengthening the human immune system, which in turn counteracts the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This sanitary suitability would therefore be an argument for promoting and disseminating this culinary heritage throughout the world and thus contribute to its development as a tourist attraction.


JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.


2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Whiten

Abstract The authors do the field of cultural evolution a service by exploring the role of non-social cognition in human cumulative technological culture, truly neglected in comparison with socio-cognitive abilities frequently assumed to be the primary drivers. Some specifics of their delineation of the critical factors are problematic, however. I highlight recent chimpanzee–human comparative findings that should help refine such analyses.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.


2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
Gaetano Belvedere ◽  
V. V. Pipin ◽  
G. Rüdiger

Extended AbstractRecent numerical simulations lead to the result that turbulence is much more magnetically driven than believed. In particular the role ofmagnetic buoyancyappears quite important for the generation ofα-effect and angular momentum transport (Brandenburg & Schmitt 1998). We present results obtained for a turbulence field driven by a (given) Lorentz force in a non-stratified but rotating convection zone. The main result confirms the numerical findings of Brandenburg & Schmitt that in the northern hemisphere theα-effect and the kinetic helicityℋkin= 〈u′ · rotu′〉 are positive (and negative in the northern hemisphere), this being just opposite to what occurs for the current helicityℋcurr= 〈j′ ·B′〉, which is negative in the northern hemisphere (and positive in the southern hemisphere). There has been an increasing number of papers presenting observations of current helicity at the solar surface, all showing that it isnegativein the northern hemisphere and positive in the southern hemisphere (see Rüdigeret al. 2000, also for a review).


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