A Fragmented Nation: The Influence of Religious and Ethnic Similarity on Joint Venture Activities in the U.S.

Author(s):  
Wei Shi ◽  
Yinuo Tang

Winkfield is one of the stations in the Space Tracking and Data Acquisition Network (Stadan) of the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (N.A.S.A.) and is operated by the Radio and Space Research Station as a joint venture with N.A.S.A. The stations in the network, using standardized equipment supplied by N.A.S.A., receive by radio telemetry measurements from the various experiments in the satellites, they command the functioning of satellites and they track them. Tracking, with which this paper is concerned, means the measurement of quantities which contribute to the determination of the positions of satellites as a function of time. About ten stations in the network use tracking equipment and methods identical with those used at Winkfield. The network operates 24 h a day, its functioning being coordinated by the Goddard Space Flight Center of N.A.S.A. by means of teleprinter circuits which also serve to convey the raw tracking information from the stations to the N.A.S.A. computer facilities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-511
Author(s):  
Chloe J. Marie ◽  
Ross Pifer

The Atlantic Coast Pipeline (“ACP”) was designed as a 600-mile underground, pipeline project transporting natural gas from well sites in West Virginia to end users throughout Virginia and North Carolina. Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC (“Atlantic Coast”), the developer of the ACP project, began the extensive process of obtaining the necessary regulatory approvals for this project by initiating a pre-filing process with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”) in October 2014. In the nearly six years that followed, the project received various permits related to water and air quality as well as other matters from state and federal agencies. At nearly every step of the way, however, opponents of the project challenged the grant of these permits. In one case, several environmental groups challenged the propriety of the U.S. Forest Service granting a right-of-way for the pipeline to traverse a portion of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail. The ensuing litigation eventually reached the U.S. Supreme Court, which rendered an opinion on June 15, 2020, upholding the grant of the right-of-way and apparently paving the way for the completion of the project. Despite receiving this favorable ruling, Duke Energy and Dominion Energy— the companies that created Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC as a joint venture—announced they were abandoning construction of the project on July 5, 2020.


1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Shapiro ◽  
Robert D Willig

The U.S. Congress is currently considering several bills to alter the antitrust treatment of collaborative production activities among rival firms. This paper sketches the tradeoffs involved in altering U.S. antitrust treatment of joint venture production activities among rival firms. This requires understanding the nature, benefits, difficulties and dangers to competition of production joint ventures; identifying their degrees of prevalence in the U.S. and elsewhere; summarizing the current antitrust treatment of joint ventures; and analyzing the interactions between U.S. competitiveness and antitrust treatment of production joint ventures. We discuss these topics below, after which we assess some proposed alterations to the antitrust treatment of production joint ventures. We conclude that current antitrust law and enforcement policy with regard to production joint ventures are working quite well and hardly can be considered a hindrance to innovation or “competitiveness.” We support some modest changes in antitrust law that may serve to encourage pro-competitive joint production ventures, but we do not endorse the more sweeping legislative changes by Jorde and Teece in this issue.


1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Schechter ◽  
Paul M. Bommer

Abstract The results of the first restoration effort for a pilot-scale acidic leaching of a uranium ore body in the U.S. are given. The project was performed under a cooperative agreement between the USBM and a joint venture consisting of Rocky Mountain Energy, Mono Power Co., and Halliburton Co. The leaching phase is described only briefly; it was reported earlier by Tweeton et al. Leaching was done with H2SO4 (pH range of 1.6 to 3.9) and H2O2 (80 to 1,000 ppm) over an 11-month period. The restoration phase begun in September 1978 and was completed in 11 months. Water samples were taken from observation wells located between injection and production wells while the leaching solution was decreased in strength. Groundwater quality in the leached ore zone was restored by diluting and neutralizing effects of injecting native groun dwater and treated water produced from recovered solution. Recovered water was purified by a combination of chemical precipitation and reverse osmosis. In-situ measurements of pH, Eh, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and temperature were made by a downhole probe in one of the wells. Water samples were taken and analyzed for U. V, Na, K, Ca, Mg, SO4, P, Cl, F, Fe, Mn, Si, Zn, As, and Se. Introduction The USBM and the companies listed previously entered into a cooperative agreement aimed at modeling in situ leaching (ISL) of uranium with sulfuric acid at the venture's Nine-Mile Lake test site near Casper. WY (Fig. 1). Acid leaching of uraniferous ores is relatively unproved because most earlier ISL systems involved use of alkaline leachants. This report describes the first restoration of a pilot-scale acidic-leached ore body inthe U.S. The results of an 11-month leaching phase conducted on afive-spot pilot test area (Pattern 2, Fig. 2) were previously reported bythe Bureau of Mines. The study presented here consisted of weekly in-situ determination of water quality parameters within the ore zone being restored plus additional water analysis in the laboratory. Geology The uranium mineralization occurs in Teapot sandstone members of the Upper Creataceous Mesaverde formation. The project site is located approximately 15 km (9 miles) north of Casper in Natrona County. The leached uranium ore (and aquifer) restored to baseline in this study was a bedded deposit ranging from 155 to 165 m (508 to 541 ft) deep. The sandstone contains quartz, feldspar, and minor amounts of mica, black (organic-containing) minerals, glauconite, carbon aceous fragments, blue to earthy clayinclusions, and disseminated argillaceous materials. The deposit isamenable to acidic leaching because of the relatively low carbonate content. The mineralization is typical of a roll-front type deposit. The principal uranium mineral is uraninite (UO2), with minor amounts of coffinite U(SiO4) 1-X (OH) 4X. Further de tails are found in the operators environmental report to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Hydrology The Teapot sand stone is an artesian aquifer confined by the overlying Lewisshale and the underlying Pumpkin Buttes shale. The formation dips to theeast-northeast at about 7 with ground water movement in that direction at about 4 m/a (14 ft/yr). The aquifer is recharged at the out crop approximately 3 km (2 miles) west of the test area. Groun dwater in the project area is marginally acceptable for live stock watering or industrial use. SPEJ P. 382^


1984 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-77 ◽  

The largest auto company in the world and the third largest auto company in the world are proposing to join together to limit competition in a critical segment of the U.S. market.Competition in the U.S. has already been choked off by the Japanese Voluntary Restraint Agreement. Since 1981, when the VRA took hold, the average retail selling price for all new cars sold in the U.S. has risen by 18.8 percent or $1741 more than the consumer price index. Consummation of this joint venture will reinforce this upward pressure on new car prices.Battalions of neo-classical economists dancing on the head of a pin cannot obscure the threat that this marriage of competitors poses to the American consumer, nor the fact that this joint venture is a plain and unambiguous violation of the antitrust laws. The Commission's settlement, requiring Toyota and GM to abide by the precise terms of their illegal agreement, hardly qualifies as antitrust enforcement.


1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (04) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
J. W. Brasher

The National Shipbuilding Research Program, a joint venture of the marine industry, the U.S. Maritime Administration and the U.S. Navy, is a mature and successful program. As a direct result of this program, major savings in ship acquisition costs have been realized. Today, participation and funding issues which could decimate the entire program are before the committee. If we are to continue to be successful in lowering ship acquisition costs and saving the taxpayer millions of dollars, these challenges must be overcome.


Author(s):  
Michael J. Zoccoli ◽  
David D. Klassen

The T407/GLC38 turboprop/turboshaft engine is a 6000 shaft horsepower (SHP) class gas turbine engine currently under joint development by Textron Lycoming of Stratford, Connecticut, and GE Aircraft Engines of Lynn, Massachusetts, with Bendix Control of South Bend, Indiana, a division of Allied Signal; Ruston Gas Turbines Limited of Great Britain, part of GEC ALSTHOM; and Steel Products Engineering Company (SPECO) of Springfield, Ohio. The powerplant is derived from the highly successful GE27 Modern Technology Demonstrator Engine (MTDE) program, which was conducted under the auspices of the U.S. Army in the mid-1980s. The T407 turboprop is currently under development for the U.S. Navy’s new P-7A anti-submarine warfare (ASW) aircraft. The P-7A will replace the P-3 and is under contract to Lockheed Aeronautical Systems Company (LASC). A T407 turboshaft model is also in development. The GLC38 commercial turboprop version, planned for both business and commuter aircraft, draws considerably on lessons learned through GE and Textron Lycoming’s extensive commercial experience, thereby ensuring the latest state of the art in maintainability, life, reliability, and ease of operation. The T407/GLC38 engine development program, scheduled for completion in December 1991, is uniquely defined to meet the stringent requirements of both Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations and Military Specification MIL-E-008593E. The engine’s primary identity will be commercial, however, as per agreement with the U.S. Navy. The engine’s gas generator core is also part of a joint venture between the Garrett Engine Division of Allied Signal Corporation and GE. Garrett is responsible for developing the fan and power turbine for a new generation turbofan engine, the CFE738. This paper describes the key features of the T407/GLC38 engine design, performance, and development program.


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