Smart Markets for Real-Time Allocation of Multi-Product Resources: The Case of Shared Electric Vehicles

The time-varying characteristics of electric vehicle (EV) controllable energy and the rationality of frequency regulation (FR) demand power allocation have significant influences on participating in system FR. Combined with the state transition characteristics of EVs, the calculation models of real-time controllable quantities and real-time controllable energy of EVs are established. Then, considering the dynamic changes of EVs’ controllable energy, the system FR strategy with real-time adjusting scheme of FR coefficients is put forward. Finally, based on the unit participation time contribution, the selecting strategy for individual EVs to participate in FR is proposed. The simulation results show that based on the calculation of EVs’ real-time controllable energy, the proposed load frequency control model with real-time allocation of FR demand power suppresses the frequency deviation effectively, and the private electric car is found to have the most potential for the FR system.

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Real-time allocation of tire adhesion forces for electric vehicles

2012 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications ◽

10.1109/cca.2012.6402723 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Y. Kouhi ◽

S. Guma ◽

N. Bajcinca

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Time Allocation ◽

Adhesion Forces

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Real-Time Energy Management of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using Linear Quadratic Regulation

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13215538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 5538

Author(s):

Bảo-Huy Nguyễn ◽

João Pedro F. Trovão ◽

Ronan German ◽

Alain Bouscayrol

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Energy Management ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽

Engine Fuel ◽

Linear Quadratic ◽

Loop Control ◽

Parallel Hybrid ◽

Linear Quadratic Regulation ◽

Hybrid Electric

Optimization-based methods are of interest for developing energy management strategies due to their high performance for hybrid electric vehicles. However, these methods are often complicated and may require strong computational efforts, which can prevent them from real-world applications. This paper proposes a novel real-time optimization-based torque distribution strategy for a parallel hybrid truck. The strategy aims to minimize the engine fuel consumption while ensuring battery charge-sustaining by using linear quadratic regulation in a closed-loop control scheme. Furthermore, by reformulating the problem, the obtained strategy does not require the information of the engine efficiency map like the previous works in literature. The obtained strategy is simple, straightforward, and therefore easy to be implemented in real-time platforms. The proposed method is evaluated via simulation by comparison to dynamic programming as a benchmark. Furthermore, the real-time ability of the proposed strategy is experimentally validated by using power hardware-in-the-loop simulation.

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