Dermatologists’ Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Dry Eye Disease, Refractive Surgery, and Contact Lenses When Prescribing Isotretinoin in Saudi Arabia

Purpose.To compare dry eye disease following SMILE versus FS-LASIK.Design.Prospective, nonrandomised, observational study.Patients.90 patients undergoing refractive surgery for myopia were included. 47 eyes underwent SMILE and 43 eyes underwent FS-LASIK.Methods.Evaluation of dry eye disease was conducted preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, using the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Questionnaire (SEEQ) and TBUT.Results.TBUT reduced following SMILE at 1 and 3 months (p<0.001) and at 1, 3, and 6 months following FS-LASIK (p<0.001). TBUT was greater following SMILE than FS-LASIK at 3, 6, and 12 months (p<0.001,p<0.001, andp=0.009, resp.). SEEQ scores increased (greater symptoms) following SMILE at 1 month (p<0.001) and 3 months (p=0.003) and at 1, 3, and 6 months following FS-LASIK (p<0.001). SMILE produced lower SEEQ scores (fewer symptoms) than FS-LASIK at 1, 3, and 6 months (p<0.001).Conclusion.SMILE produces less dry eye disease than FS-LASIK at 6 months postoperatively but demonstrates similar degrees of dry eye disease at 12 months.

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Prevalence and determinants of dry eye disease among 40 years and older population of Riyadh (Except Capital), Saudi Arabia

Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.4103/meajo.meajo_194_18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ZiaulHaq Yasir ◽

Deepti Chauhan ◽

Rajiv Khandekar ◽

Ches Souru ◽

Sejo Varghese

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Older Population

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Dry Eye Disease After Refractive Surgery

International Ophthalmology Clinics ◽

10.1097/iio.0000000000000104 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 101-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Thomas H. Dohlman ◽

Edward C. Lai ◽

Jessica B. Ciralsky

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Refractive Surgery ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease

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Dry eye disease in students with myopia during COVID-19 pandemic

Archive of Ukrainian Ophthalmology ◽

10.22141/2309-8147.9.3.2021.247907 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 34-37

Author(s):

M.V. Panchenko ◽

P.A. Bezditko

Keyword(s):

Distance Learning ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Contact Lenses ◽

Tear Film ◽

Face Mask ◽

Corneal Topography ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Eye Drops ◽

Ocular Surface Disease Index

Background. Today, the urgent problem is coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in the whole world. Safety measures such as the use of masks, distance learning have been implemented. However, ophthalmologists, as well as the general population, should know that a face mask together with prolonged use of digital devices leads to an increase in the number of dry eye cases in many patients. The purpose was to study the frequency of dry eye disease in students with myopia. Materials and methods. The study involved 96 medical students diagnosed with myopia taken by random sampling, who were examined by an ophthalmologist. Apart from the standard ophthalmologic examination, all patients underwent the evaluation of the stability of the precorneal tear film by means of corneal topography, and Norn test (tear break-up time (TBUT)). There was also used a standard questionnaire designed to assess the severity of dry eye disease symptoms (Ocular Surface Disease Index). Results. The corneal topography of the 47 patients did not demonstrate any reduction in TBUT. The average time of the concentric ring remained stable for 20.2 ± 3.0 seconds. But 49 individuals exhibited signs of tear film instability over time compared to 47 patients without TBUT impairment. In 47 people without impairments, corneal topography demonstrated that this indicator in Norn test varied from 25 to 18 seconds, i.e. was within the age norm (21.5 ± 3.5 seconds on average). In 3 patients with a minimum TBUT on keratotopography, its value during the Norn test was 9 seconds. In 36 patients with reduced TBUT according to both methods, there was a weak degree of dry eyes, in 10 — moderate, in 3 — severe. The most common complaints were a sandy, gritty sensation in the eyes, visual discomfort when working at a computer and in windy weather, and with prolonged use of a protective mask. Conclusions. Among students who were on distance learning, 51.04 % of individuals have objectively confirmed dry eye disease. People wearing contact lenses have a more pronounced degree of dry eye, so it is mandatory for ophthalmologists to prescribe lubricating eye drops.

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Lactoferrin: Invisible Eye Defender

International scientific-practical journal Ophthalmology ◽

10.30702/ophthalmology31032021-12.1.73-84/048.8 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 73-84

Author(s):

G. I. Drozhzhyna ◽

T. A. Veliksar

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Ocular Surface ◽

Contact Lenses ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Biological Fluids ◽

Average Concentration ◽

Heme Iron ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Tear Proteins

The main protective proteins that are synthesized by eye cells are lactoferrin (Lf), lysozyme, immunoglobulin-A, and tear lipocalins. It has been proven that Lf is contained in biological ﬂuids and mucous membranes of various organs; this highlights the importance of this protein in the first line of defense from pathogenic microorganisms. Lf is a non-heme iron-binding chelating glycoprotein from the transferrin family. Lf carries out bactericidal, fungicidal, antiviral, antioxidant and transport functions, prevents the formation of free radicals, inhibits lipid peroxidation, activates enzymes of the antioxidant system. Lf is contained in tears in the highest concentration (about 2 mg/ml, 25% of tear proteins), the average concentration is 1.42 mg/ml. Lf is an important component providing homeostasis of the ocular surface, modulates the activity of T-lymphocytes and macrophages in infections, prevents the multiplication of pathogenic microﬂora, the development of inﬂammation, protects the integrity of the cornea, promotes healing from microtraumas, controls the level of iron in the lacrimal ﬂuid, and protects against toxins. These properties of Lf open up prospects for its application in the treatment of chronic diseases of the ocular surface and, in particular, dry eye disease. Lf concentration in tears decreases during sleep, with age, in dry eye disease, keratitis and conjunctivitis, when using contact lenses, that increase the risk of developing eye infections. The first results of the application of ophthalmic drops Lacto (NOVAX® PHARMA) showed good tolerance and therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of inﬂammatory diseases of the ocular surface. Keywords: lactoferrin, tear, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, anti-inﬂammatory properties, ocular surface.

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