scholarly journals Assessment of a Cationic Emulsion to Control the Tear Film Evaporation Rate

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Ali Abusharha
Keyword(s):  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Film Evaporation

scholarly journals Tear-Film Evaporation Rate from Simultaneous Ocular-Surface Temperature and Tear-Breakup Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Dursch ◽  
Wing Li ◽  
Baseem Taraz ◽  
Meng C. Lin ◽  
Clayton J. Radke
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Film Evaporation

scholarly journals Repeatability and Reproducibility of Tear Film Evaporation Rate Measurement using a new Closed-Chamber Evaporimeter

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Ali A. Abusharha ◽  
Ali Al Yami ◽  
Khaled Alsreea ◽  
Raied Fagehi ◽  
Ali Alsaqr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Rate Measurement ◽  
Closed Chamber ◽  
Film Evaporation ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: This study evaluates the repeatability and reproducibility of tear film evaporation rate measurement using a commercially available handheld closed-chamber evaporimeter (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies, Finland). Study Design: This was a randomized observational study, in which two visits were required. At visit 1, screening tests were performed on the participants. Subsequently, tear evaporation was measured thrice by examiner 1 (E1). The procedure was then repeated by examiner 2 (E2) at visit 2. Methods: 40 healthy participants with no ocular diseases were recruited for this study. A closed chamber evaporimeter was used in this study (VapoMeter, Delfin Technologies, Finland). Primary investigations, including slit-lamp examination, tear production test, and ocular discomfort, were performed during the first visit for the purpose of screening. Results: The mean of the three measurements of tear evaporation obtained by examiner 1 at visit 1 was 19.38 ± 0.79 g/m2/h, and the mean of the three readings obtained by examiner 2 at visit 2 was 20.49 ± 0.48 g/m2/h. The average Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) among the three readings of tear evaporation was 0.84 and 0.63 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) at visits 1 and 2, respectively. A comparison of the reliability of the measurements from the two examiners revealed an ICC of 0.69 with a 95% CI. Conclusion: The VapoMeter provides repeatable and reproducible measurements of tear film evaporation. This study demonstrates that the VapoMeter could provide clinicians with a readily available method for rapid evaluation of tear film evaporation. By considering the significance of tear evaporation as a diagnostic tool for dry eyes, the VapoMeter may help to diagnose better and manage dry eye syndrome.

scholarly journals Effect of a formulated eye drop with Leptospermum spp honey on tear film properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1373-1377
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Tan ◽  
Tianni Jia ◽  
Roslyn Liao ◽  
Fiona Stapleton
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
Film Evaporation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Corneal Staining

AimTo evaluate the effects of a proprietary formulated eye drop with Leptospermum spp honey versus a conventional lubricant eye drop on tear film properties in subjects with symptoms related to dry eye disease after 28 days of treatment.MethodsForty-six subjects with symptoms related to dry eye (Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score >12) were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either the test formulated eye drop (Optimel by Melcare Biomedical Pty Ltd) or control eye drops (Alcon, USA) in this double-masked study. Inferior lipid layer thickness (LLT), tear film evaporation rate (TER), fluorescein tear film break-up time (TBUT), corneal staining and subjective symptoms (OSDI and visual analogue scales (VAS)) were measured before and after 28 days of instilling the eye drops.ResultsForty-two subjects completed the study (21 subjects in each group). After 28 days of treatment, TER showed a significantly greater reduction with the formulated eye drop compared with the control (p=0.01). TBUT showed a slight but not statistically significant increase with the formulated eye drop compared with the control (p=0.06), and a significantly greater reduction (improvement) in OSDI scores was observed with the formulated eye drop compared with the control (p=0.01). No significant differences were found between the two groups for inferior LLT, corneal staining and any of the VAS scores.ConclusionsThe formulated eye drops were effective in reducing tear film evaporation rate and were more effective for improving symptoms of dry eye compared with the control eye drops after 28 days of treatment.Trial registration numberNCT03622619.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Efficiency of HP-Guar and hyaluronic Acid Tear Supplements to Control Tear Film Evaporation Rate in Dry Eye Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Ali Abusharha ◽  
Abdulrhman A. Shbear ◽  
Raied Fagehi ◽  
Mana A. Alanazi ◽  
Ali Alsaqr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Film Evaporation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tear Meniscus Height ◽  
Breakup Time

Background: The most common factor that could lead to dryness is the accelerated tear evaporation rate. Controlling the tear evaporation rate is increasingly used as a method to control dry eye complications. The present study explores the effects of different tear supplements formulations on tear film evaporation rate. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of Systane ULTRA and Artelac Advanced eye drops on the tear film evaporation rate. Methods: Fifteen male dry eye subjects were enrolled in the current study. Tear film parameters were observed at several time points post installation (10, 20, 30, and 60 min). The tear film parameters observed in the current study were tear evaporation rate, noninvasive breakup time (NITBUT) and tear meniscus height (TMH). Two visits were required to conduct this study. One visit was conducted to assess the physiological tear film parameters with the use of Systane® ULTRA eye drop. The other visit was conducted to assess tear film parameters with the use of Artelac Advanced eye drop. Results: The mean tear evaporation rate at baseline was 52.58 ± 23.24 g/m2 h. A box plot of tear evaporation showed a reduction in tear film evaporation rate after instillation of Systane eye drop. A drop in tear film evaporation rate of 14% was observed at 20 and 60 min time point after instillation of Systane ULTRA eye drop. A significant increase in NITBUT was found after instillation of Systane ULTRA (P = 0.01) and Artelac Advanced (P = 0.02). Conclusion: The current study indicates a significant improvement in the tear film parameters using both HP-Guar and hyaluronic acid formulations. However, it was apparent that the use of HP-Guar was superior to hyaluronic acid in controlling the tear evaporation rate in dry eye subjects.

Tear film evaporation—Effect of age and gender

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Guillon ◽  
Cécile Maïssa
Keyword(s):  
Tear Film ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Film Evaporation ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Effect Of Age

Polydispersity Effects in Evaporation of Perfluoropolyether Thin Films

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Stirniman ◽  
Jing Gui
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Surface Interactions ◽  
Bulk Liquid ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Thin Film Evaporation ◽  
Film Evaporation

Abstract The evaporation rates of bulk liquid and thin films of an alcohol-derivatized perfluoropolyether have been studied experimentally and computationally. We find that the time dependence of the evaporation rate in both cases is dominated by the polydispersity, and can be described very well by a model that incorporates the molecular weight distribution, molecular-weight-dependent Arrhenius parameters of evaporation, and Raoult’s law of vapor pressures. Minor corrections to the model that account for surface interactions are necessary in the case of thin film evaporation.

High-Speed Visualization of Phase-Change Processes in Silicon Microchannels With Water and HFE-7100 as Working Fluids

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Tong ◽  
Je-Young Chang ◽  
Shankar Devasenathipathy ◽  
John Dirner ◽  
Suzana Prstic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Annular Flow ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Flow Boiling ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Working Fluids ◽  
Thin Film Evaporation ◽  
Film Evaporation

Pumped-loop liquid-cooled system involving phase-change (two-phase) is a promising technology for removing excess heat from high-density electronics. However, no consensus has been reached so far regarding the hydraulic and heat transfer characteristics of such two-phase (TP) micro flow passages with hydraulic diameters (Dh) on the order of several hundred micrometers or smaller. In a previous paper [Tong et al., ASME IMECE2007-42027], we reported flow boiling experiments for several microchannel (MC) cold plate devices with channel widths ranging from 61 to 340 μm (hydraulic diameters from 100 to 337 μm) and a micro-pin-fin array (μPFA) device. Two working fluids, deionized water and HFE-7100, were tested respectively. In this paper, we focus on the highspeed visualization study of the phase-change phenomena inside the MC cold plates. Features of the major TP flow patterns are discussed for each MC unit with varying sizes and with the two different working fluids. From direct visualization, we report the liquid thin film evaporation rate for the pulsating annular flow regions in MCs. The observed liquid film evaporation rate is much higher than previous predictions/assumptions from a steady-state annular flow picture as assumed by most theoretical investigations so far. The local transient heat flux is thus much higher than the average heat flux provided, especially for water and small hydraulic diameter MCs.

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