scholarly journals TIME-OF-DAY BUT NOT SEASONALITY INFLUENCES FEEDING AND DIURNAL TIME ACTIVITY BUDGET OF ADULT RED-CAPPED LARK (Calandrella cinerea).

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1236-1245
Author(s):  
Mary Mwangi ◽  
◽  
Robert Chira ◽  
Nathan Gichuki ◽  
Peter Njoroge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Budget ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Time Activity

Ethogram and time-activity budget of the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu, Tayassuidae): implications for husbandry and welfare

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (25-26) ◽  
pp. 1617-1635
Author(s):  
Mariane Mendes da Silva ◽  
Carlos Magno de Faria ◽  
Fernanda de Souza Sá ◽  
Dhiordan Deon Lovestain Costa ◽  
Beatriz Cristiana da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Budget ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Pecari Tajacu ◽  
Collared Peccary

Hunting Behavior, Prey Selection, and Energetics of Snail Kites in Guyana: Consumer Choice by a Specialist

The Auk ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Beissinger
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Choice ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Hunting Behavior ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Prey Handling

Abstract The hunting behavior, snail size selection, and time-activity patterns of non-breeding Snail Kites (Rostrhamus sociabilis sociabilis) were studied in Guyana rice fields. Kites spent 62% of the photoperiod perching, 19% foraging, 13% in maintenance activities, and 6% flying. As the day progressed, the percentage of daylight hours spent perching increased significantly, while foraging decreased significantly. Kites successfully captured and ingested Pomacea snails in 78% of the foraging bouts observed. The mode of hunting was evenly split between coursing (50.7%) and still-hunting (49.3%). Searching and returning times were related to time of day, as significantly more coursing hunts and still-hunts occurred in mornings and late afternoons, respectively. Prey handling time was the most time-consuming component of a foraging bout. Time spent searching for prey, returning, or handling prey was not related to snail size. The size distribution of captured snails differed significantly from that of available snails; kites selected more medium snails and fewer small snails and took large snails in equal frequency to that at which large snails were available. Kites captured the same-sized snails when coursing as when still-hunting. As rice grew, kite utilization of rice fields declined, and the frequency of still-hunting decreased while course-hunting attempts increased. The daily caloric intake of kites was estimated to be 104.2 kcal, the daily energy expenditure 85.7 kcal. Results are discussed in relation to consumer choices of specialists. The most important decision a foraging Snail Kite may make is what patch to search in and how long to search before abandoning patches.

Relationship Between Time of Day Physical Exercise and the Reduced Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in a Chinese Population

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Qiu Chu ◽  
Xiao-Qing Lian ◽  
Ze-Mu Wang ◽  
Wei Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Reduced Risk

Purpose:Exercise leads to a lower risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, whether time of day physical exercise has effects on CAD is still unclear. The present study is to investigate the relationship between time of day physical exercise and angiography determined CAD in a Chinese population.Subjects:A total of 1,129 consecutive participants who underwent coronary angiography for the first time were enrolled in our study. Participants were divided into non-CAD group and CAD group according to the result of coronary angiography. We used a predesigned questionnaire—the work-related activity, leisure-time activity, and physical exercise information were recorded in the form of self-reporting.Results:Doing physical exercise was associated with a reduced risk of CAD, after adjusting the established and potential confounders, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.48 (95% CI, 0.35–0.67) compared with those who did not any physical exercise. Moreover, the risk of CAD could linearly decrease with increase of intensity, duration and frequency of exercise. Further stratification analysis revealed that the protective effects of exercise were more significant in the afternoon and evening group than in the morning and forenoon group. The adjusted ORs of doing physical exercise in morning, forenoon, afternoon, and evening groups were 0.53 (0.36–0.78), 0.51(0.27–0.96), 0.46(0.25–0.85), 0.43(0.28–0.66), respectively, compared with nonexerciser (p < .05).Conclusions:Doing physical exercise can decrease the risk of CAD, and exercising in the afternoon or evening may have more significant effects on the prevention of CAD than in other time of day.

Time–activity budget of greater rheas (Rhea americana, Aves) on a human-disturbed area: the role of habitat, time of the day, season and group size

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Schetini de Azevedo ◽  
João Bosco Ferraz ◽  
Herlandes Penha Tinoco ◽  
Robert John Young ◽  
Marcos Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Activity Budget ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Rhea Americana ◽  
Disturbed Area

Roosting activity budget of the southern bent-wing bat (Miniopterus schreibersii bassanii)

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Codd ◽  
Ken J. Sanderson ◽  
Alan J. Branford
Keyword(s):  
Activity Budget ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
Vertical Location ◽  
Cave Environment ◽  
Cave Wall ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions

The roosting activity budget of the southern bent-wing bat (Miniopterus schreibersii bassanii) was observed using remote-controlled infrared-illuminated video-cameras. Bat activity was assessed using scan sampling, conducted in 98 two-hour observation blocks, with 605 scan samples (each of ~2.5-min duration) being collected. Activity was divided into three categories: 'at rest', 'grooming', and 'active' (including flying off). Bats spent an average of 62% of their time 'at rest', 16% 'grooming', and 22% 'active'. Bat activity was significantly influenced by time of day, the cave chamber that was occupied, the vertical location of the bats on the cave wall, and the type of cluster formed by the bats. During the day bats spent most time 'at rest' (overall mean 78%) compared with other times (overall means 43–54%). Levels of flight and 'activity' (relative to 'at rest') were significantly lower during the day than at other times. Bats on the walls of the maternity chamber, where the temperature was highest, spent less time 'at rest' (overall mean 51%) than did bats on the walls of cooler chambers (overall means 73–86% of time). Bats in the maternity chamber spent significantly more time 'active' and 'grooming' (relative to 'at rest') than did bats in other chambers. Microclimatic conditions within the cave environment appear to significantly affect the activity of bats whilst at roost.

scholarly journals Drivers of Time-Activity Budget Variability during Breeding in a Pelagic Seabird

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e116544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin M. Rishworth ◽  
Yann Tremblay ◽  
David B. Green ◽  
Maëlle Connan ◽  
Pierre A. Pistorius
Keyword(s):  
Activity Budget ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Pelagic Seabird
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