Central bacterial corneal ulcers of prolonged course. Immunological aspects and tactics of etiopathogenetic treatment

Purpose: to describe the characteristic clinical signs and to study the causes of the development of an unfavorable prolonged course of bacterial corneal ulcers of central localization, and to improve treatment effectiveness. Material and methods. A total of 289 patients with central bacterial corneal ulcers were examined. Two types courses of bacterial corneal ulcer were distinguished: favorable (acute and subacute) and unfavorable (prolonged subacute and prolonged chronic forms). Blood (122 samples) and scrapings from corneal ulcers (110 samples) were examined in a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of simple herpes virus (HSV) 1 and 2 types, virus Epstein–Barr (VEB), human herpes virus (HHV)-6, and HHV-7. To detect autoimmune sensitization to the corneal antigens, migration inhibition reaction of leukocytes (MIRL, 215 samples) was used. Results. In patients with unfavorable course of the disease, blood and corneal HHV DNA was detected in 88.7 % of cases, while with a favorable course only 10 % of cases showed the presence of HHV DNA (р < 0.002). In all patients, HHV type 6 was predominating. Autosensitivity to corneal antigens was detected in 8 (10.4 %) out of 77 patients at the end of the first week of the disease, and as the disease progressed, the number of patients with an autoimmune component increased to reach 63.2 % (48 of 76). The inclusion of antiviral and immunosuppressive drugs into the routine treatment plan led to complete epithelialization of the cornea within 5–10 days. Сonclusion. The protracted course of bacterial corneal ulcers was found to be caused by a mixed herpes-bacterial infection, which is corroborated by the effectiveness of the modified treatment tactics.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Epstein-Barr Virus and Human herpes virus 6 Type A DNA Enhance IL-17 Production in Mice.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.725502639.793532097 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Shabaana Khader ◽

Shibali Das

Keyword(s):

Epstein Barr Virus ◽

Herpes Virus ◽

Type A ◽

Human Herpes ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Human Herpes Virus ◽

Human Herpes Virus 6 ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Herpès Virus

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Profound CD4+ T lymphocytopenia in human immunodeficiency virus negative individuals, improved with anti-human herpes virus treatment

Colombia Medica ◽

10.25100/cm.v43i4.1159 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 305-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

María Lilia Diaz Betancourth ◽

Julio Cesar Klinger ◽

Victoria Eugenia Niño

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Epstein Barr Virus ◽

Herpes Virus ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Human Herpes ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Human Herpes Virus ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Herpès Virus

Lymphocytopenia and CD4+ T lymphocytopenia can be associated with many bacterial, fungal, parasite and viral infections. They can also be found in autoimmune and neoplastic diseases, common variable immunodeficiency syndrome, physical, psychological and traumatic stress, malnutrition and immunosuppressive therapy. Besides, they can also be brought into relation, without a known cause, with idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia. Among viral infections, the Retrovirus, specially the human immunodeficiency virus, is the most frequently cause. However, many acute viral infections, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr virus can be associated with transient lymphocytopenia and CD4+ T lymphocytopenia. As is well known, transient lymphocytopenia and CD4+ T lymphocytopenia are temporary and overcome when the disease improves. Nonetheless, severe CD4+ T Lymphocytopenia associated with chronic infections by human herpes virus has not been reported. We describe 6 cases of human immunodeficiency virus negative patients, with chronic cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr virus infections and profound lymphocytopenia with clinical symptoms of cellular immunodeficiency. These patients improved rapidly with ganciclovir or valganciclovir treatment. We claim here that it is important to consider the chronic human herpes virus infection in the differential diagnosis of profoundly CD4+ T lymphocytopenia etiology, when human immunodeficiency virus is absent, in order to start effective treatment and to determine, in future studies, the impact of chronic human herpes virus infection in human beings’ health.

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The Biochemistry of Bereavement: Possible Basis for Chemotherapy?

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.2190/rgtf-g11n-lpwf-e591 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 295-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jerome F. Fredrick

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Epstein Barr Virus ◽

Herpes Virus ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Adrenal Axis ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Herpès Virus ◽

Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽

Increased Susceptibility

The effect of acute grief on the pituitary-adrenal axis and the hypersecretion of cortisol is reviewed. Particular attention is devoted to the immunosuppressive effects of this hypersecretion. The increased susceptibility to infectious disease agents—bacterial, fungal and viral—is explored in terms of the altered biochemistry of the bereaved individual. The probable increased susceptibility towards oncogenic “passenger” viruses, such as the Epstein-Barr Virus and the Herpes Virus, is discussed as a possible mechanism for the increased incidence of malignancies in the bereaved. The use of dexamethasone in preventing hypersecretion of cortisol in the bereaved, as well as the use of L-dopa and clonidine to control A.C.T.H. levels in such individuals, has given rise to much conflicting data in recent studies. The use of antibiotics in a prophylactic sense, to bolster falling immunity during the grief period, remains a distinct possibility. However, until the basic reactions of grief are defined and the altered biochemistry established, it appears that psychological methods offer the best therapeutic means.

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