Direct lymphatic spreading route into the liver from the gallbladder : an animal experiment using pig

Toshihide Terazawa; Hidenori Miyake; Miho Kurahashi; Seiki Tashiro

doi:10.2152/jmi.51.210

Urokinase Evaluated with the Experimental Radioactive Embolus

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1654164 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 17 (03/04) ◽

pp. 405-411

Author(s):

M Hume

Keyword(s):

Animal Experiment ◽

Blood Clot ◽

In Vitro Testing ◽

Effective Agent

SummaryUrokinase and urokinase-activated plasmin have been given to the dog and rabbit. A thrombolytic state has been induced. Purified urokinase has induced lysis of the experimental radioactive blood clot embolus in the circulation. Demonstration of effectiveness in this animal experiment is hampered by inhibition of the agents in the circulation to a degree much greater than was noted in previous experiments with streptokinase. In vitro testing indicates that under proper conditions urokinase will be an effective agent in the treatment of human thromboembolism.

Download Full-text

Design considerations and animal experiment on a new bilateral mandibular distraction device

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology ◽

10.1016/j.ajoms.2012.09.003 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 210-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Qing-Bin Zhang ◽

Fu-Sheng Dong ◽

Zhao-Qiang Zhang ◽

Bin Yang

Keyword(s):

Animal Experiment ◽

Mandibular Distraction ◽

Design Considerations ◽

Distraction Device

Download Full-text

Effect of a Porous Suture Containing Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 on Healing After Rotator Cuff Repair in a Rat Model

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/03635465211028547 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036354652110285

Author(s):

Jong Pil Yoon ◽

Hun-Min Kim ◽

Jin-Hyun Choi ◽

Hae Rim Kang ◽

Dong Hyun Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rotator Cuff ◽

Rat Model ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽

Rotator Cuff Repair ◽

Animal Experiment ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Group 3 ◽

Growth Factor Beta ◽

Cuff Repair ◽

Tgf Β1

Background: The healing failure rate after rotator cuff repair is considerably high. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a porous suture containing transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) on the sustained release of TGF-β1 and rotator cuff healing in a rat model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A porous suture was developed, and its tensile strength was measured. TGF-β1 was delivered using the porous suture, and a TGF-β1 release test and human fibroblast proliferation assay were performed. For the animal experiment, 30 rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n = 10 each). A bilateral supraspinatus tendon tear was made in all the rats, and repair was performed. Group 1 received repair only; group 2, repair and a single injection of TGF-β1; and group 3, repair using the porous suture containing TGF-β1. Eight weeks after repair, biomechanical and histological analyses were performed. Results: The porous suture was successfully developed with mechanical properties compatible with the conventional suture, and the sustained release of TGF-β1 from the porous suture was confirmed. In addition, the cell proliferation assay confirmed the biological safety of the porous suture. In the animal experiment, group 3 biomechanically exhibited the largest cross-sectional area and the highest ultimate failure load and ultimate stress (all P < .05). Histological examination revealed that group 3 showed significantly better collagen fiber density and tendon-to-bone maturation than did groups 1 and 2 (all P < .05). Conclusion: The porous suture containing TGF-β1 could sustainedly and safely release TGF-β1, and its use during rotator cuff repair could improve rotator cuff healing, as assessed on the basis of the biomechanical and histological changes in the rat model in this study. Considering the effectiveness, safety, and convenience of the porous suture without extra effort in surgery, the findings of the present study will have a far-reaching effect on the treatment of rotator cuff tears. Clinical Relevance: The porous suture containing TGF-β1 might improve healing after rotator cuff repair.

Download Full-text

What is the optimum design for my animal experiment?

BMJ Open Science ◽

10.1136/bmjos-2020-100126 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. e100126

Author(s):

Natasha A Karp ◽

Derek Fry

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Animal Experiment ◽

Sex Bias ◽

Benefit Analysis ◽

Preclinical Research ◽

Research Attention ◽

Decision Points ◽

Critical Issues ◽

Graphical Summary ◽

Animal Use

Within preclinical research, attention has focused on experimental design and how current practices can lead to poor reproducibility. There are numerous decision points when designing experiments. Ethically, when working with animals we need to conduct a harm–benefit analysis to ensure the animal use is justified for the scientific gain. Experiments should be robust, not use more or fewer animals than necessary, and truly add to the knowledge base of science. Using case studies to explore these decision points, we consider how individual experiments can be designed in several different ways. We use the Experimental Design Assistant (EDA) graphical summary of each experiment to visualise the design differences and then consider the strengths and weaknesses of each design. Through this format, we explore key and topical experimental design issues such as pseudo-replication, blocking, covariates, sex bias, inference space, standardisation fallacy and factorial designs. There are numerous articles discussing these critical issues in the literature, but here we bring together these topics and explore them using real-world examples allowing the implications of the choice of design to be considered. Fundamentally, there is no perfect experiment; choices must be made which will have an impact on the conclusions that can be drawn. We need to understand the limitations of an experiment’s design and when we report the experiments, we need to share the caveats that inherently exist.

Download Full-text